Chapter 5 Quiz questions

you have been severely burned on the right arm in a house fire, but you are now recovering. the second- and third-degree burns have destroyed .... consequences of this burn

no growth of hair in the damaged skin area

functions of the skin include

regulating body temperature

In albinism, ________ is lacking.

melanin

As an adolescent looking at pimples on your face, you think about what they are. You decide that they are related to ________ on your skin.

sebum

Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?

movement

As cells are pushed from the deeper portion of the epidermis toward the surface,

they die

Structure L on the diagram

arrector pili

Projections of loose connective tissue from the dermis, which extend upward between the adjacent ridges of the epidermis, are called ________

dermal papillae

Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from blood vessels located in the

dermis

The part of the skin at the bottom in a lighter color is the

dermis

This layer is composed of a high concentration of collagen fibers

dermis

what is one of the primary functions of the sebaceous glands?

inhibition of the growth of bacteria

perspiration hat is produced by apocrine sweat glands

is limited to the hair follicles of the axilla, nipples, and groin

The protein that contributes to many of the skin's protective qualities is called

keratin

Modified and specialized sweat glands that produce milk are called ________ glands.

mammary

The deepest layer of cells in the epidermis is the cells of the _____

stratum basale

in which of the epidermal layers are the cells undergoing mitosis?

stratum basale

When a person becomes "pale," what is the physiologic basis?

the blood supply to the skin decreases

what is structure A?

the epidermis

Why are injections administered in the hypodermis when administering drugs using a hypodermic needle?

there are no vital organs in the region

which statement is true for merocrine sweat glands?

they are more numerous than apocrine sweat glands

Melanin serves to protect cells in the deeper layers of the epidermis from

ultraviolet radiation

Which statement is correct?

a hair shaft is made of varying densities and consistencies of keratin

In other mammals, the ________ glands function as scent glands, providing an important form of communication.

apocrine

which gland is responsible for odorous secretions concentrated in the armpits and groin?

apocrine sweat gland

the subcutaneous layer consists of

areolar and adipose tissue

the _______ is associated with the puckering of skin and the pulling of the hair follicle

arrector pili

What structure is deep to the epidermis and superficial to the dermis?

basement membrane

Exposure of the skin to ultraviolet light

can increase melanocyte activity

________ is a pigment found in vegetables that can make skin appear orange or yellow.

carotene

Which of the following is NOT a function of the integument?

conduction of electrical impulses

identify the structures that are responsible for the stretching of the skin during pregnancy

elastic fibers found in the reticular layer of the dermis

The structure composed of stratified squamous epithelium is

epidermis

Thin skin is defined by the thickness of the

epidermis

which of the following is the correct order of the layers of the cutaneous membrane?

epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

Since the epidermis is avascular, how do the epidermal cells obtain their nutrients?

from the blood vessels in the adjacent dermis

Hair is formed by the repeated divisions of epithelial stem cells in which structure?

hair matrix

which of the following structures are composed of dead cells?

hair shaft, nail body, stratum corneum

Through which cellular interactions are the cells of the stratum basale firmly attached to the plasma membrane?

hemidesmosomes

in what layer of the skin is a hypodermic needle placed for an injection of a drug?

hypodermis

Which of the following is the function of the combination of epidermal ridges and dermal papillae?

increase surface area for diffusion between the dermis and epidermis

The observed differences in skin color reflect the levels of ________ production.

melanin

which of the following is a red-yellow or brown-black pigment produced in the epidermis?

melanin

the lowest level of cells of the strata consists of

mitotically active epithelial cells

nerve fibers in the dermis most likely function in

monitoring sensory receptors in the dermis

drugs suspended in _______ or ______ can be carried across the plasma membranes of the epidermal cells

oils ; lipid-soluble solvents

What is the most superficial strata called?

stratum corneum

the layer of the epidermis at the exposed surface is the

stratum corneum

where is keratin concentration the highest?

stratum corneum

The ________ layer of the skin contains bundles of collagen fibers and elastin, and is responsible for the mechanical strength and flexibility of the skin.

reticular

mammary glands are modified

sweat glands

function of arrector pili muscle

to change the orientation of the hair shaft

the hypodermis

is quite elastic

When the arrector pili muscles contract,

"goose bumps" are formed

what is structure J on the diagram?

Sensory receptor

identify the structure that are responsible for the stretching of the skin during pregnancy

elastic fibers found in the reticular layer of the dermis

on average, we lose about 50 hairs from the head each day, but several factors may affect this rate. sustained losses of over 100 hairs per day generally indicate a net loss of hair. temporary increases in hair loss can result from drugs (including chemotherapeutic agents), radiation, dietary factors, high fever, stress, or hormonal factors related to pregnancy. what structure produces hair?

hair follicle

merocrine sweat glands

respond primarily to elevated body temperature

The ___ layer of the skin contains bundles of collagen fibers and elastin, and is responsible for the mechanical strength and flexibility of the skin.

reticular

choose the correct order of the cell layers, or strata, in a section of thick skin, from the basement membrane toward the free surface (deep to superficial)

S. basale S. spinosum S. granulosum S. lucidum S. corneum

Why would the ink of permanent tattoos be deposited in the dermis, and not the epidermis of the skin?

The epidermis is continually replaced by new cells as old cells are shed

The epidermis layer whose cells have stopped dividing and started to produce large amounts of keratin is the

stratum granulosum

the epidermal layer whose cells have stopped dividing and started to produce large amounts of keratin is the

stratum granulosum

the excessive production of keratin is called hyperkeratosis. Calluses and corns are easily observed examples of hyperkeratosis. What epidermal layer is characterized by cells that have stopped dividing and have begun making large amounts of keratin?

stratum granulosum

which of the following structures are responsible for the formation of fingerprints

epidermal ridges and dermal papillae

which of the following contains large quantities of adipose tissue, blood vessels, and nerve cells, but does not contain any vital organs?

hypodermis

How would you explain to your roommate, who has NEVER taken an A&P class, why a superficial paper cut to his index finger did not bleed?

epidermis, the top layer of the skin, is epithelial tissue and has no blood vessels

which layer identifies the area where a hypodermic needle would be placed for an injection of a drug?

hypodermis