Chapter 5 WordBank

26. Which of the following exemplifies gustation?

Tasting freshly caught salmon

2. What is described by the concept of perception?

How sensory information is interpreted & consciously experienced

48. What was the original focus of Swets' (1964) signal detection theory?

Improving the sensitivity of air traffic controllers to plane blips

47. What has research shown about processing subliminal messages?

In laboratory settings, people can process and respond to information outside of their awareness

32. Within the visible spectrum, our experience of red is associated with ________.

Longer wavelengths

46. Which of the following is false about sensation?

Sensation refers to the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, & consciously expierenced

39. Why are olfaction and gustation called chemical senses?

They have sensory receptors that respond to molecules in the food we eat or in the air we breath

45. What has research by Goolkasian & Woodbury (2010) demonstrated about pattern perception?

Those who are given verbal priming produce a biased interpretation of complex ambiguous figures.

31. Petra walks into a brightly lit Psychology lab to participate in an experiment involving the ability to perceive the colors of the rainbow. Which photoreceptors will be most useful during this experiment?

cones

12. The ________is also known as the anvil.

incus

14. Which term describes the perception of the body's movement through space?

kinesthesia

22. Derek wants to win the student of the year award so badly that when the name of the award winner is announced, he is convinced that he hears his name. He stands up and begins to leave the aisle when his friend grabs his hand. Someone else won the award. This illustrates how ________can affect perception.

motivation

27. Felicia smacks her thumb with a hammer while building a doghouse. The sense of ________ provides her brain with information about the pain she feels.

nociception

9. Which nerve carries visual information from the retina to the brain?

optic

5. Honeybees can see light in the ________ range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

ultraviolet

24. Vinnie is standing on one leg with his arms in the air. The ________ sense helps keep him balanced so he has less chance of falling over.

vestibular

6. The visible spectrum refers to the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that we ________.

Can see

visible34. ________ amplitudes are associated with ________ sounds.

Higher;louder

30. Longer wavelengths will have ________ frequencies, and shorter wavelengths will have ________ frequencies.

Shorter; longer

11. Congenital deafness refers to deafness ________.

Since birth

10. What is a binaural cue?

Two-eared cue to localize sound

35. Kimya stares at a bright light and then looks away. After she looks away, she perceives a spot. What is this spot?

After Image

36. Light waves are transmitted across the ________ and enter the eye through the ________.

Cornea;pupil

29. The amplitude of a wave is the height of a wave as measured from the highest point on the wave________ to the lowest point on the wave ________.

Crest; trough

42. What does the place theory of pitch perception suggest?

Different portions of the basilar membrance are sensitive to sounds of different frequesncies

17. Which field of psychology includes the following concepts: figure-ground relationship, law of continuity, and principle of closure?

Gestalt

33. ________-frequency sound waves are perceived as high-pitched sounds, while ________-frequency sound waves are perceived as low-pitched sounds.

High;low

1. Which of the following describes the difference in stimuli required to detect a difference between the stimuli?

Just noticeable difference

40. At the point of the optic chiasm, information from the right visual field (which comes from both eyes) is sent to the ________ side of the brain, and information from the left visual field is sent to the ________ side of the brain.

Left;right

38. In a normal-sighted individual, the ________ will focus images perfectly on a small indentation in the back of the eye known as the ________.

Lens;fovea

16. Our vestibular sense contributes to our ability to ________.

Maintain balance & body posture

8. What is the X-shaped structure that sits just below the brain's ventral surface and represents the merging of the optic nerves from the two eyes?

Optic chiasm

44. How does the term Gestalt relate to the psychological study of perception?

Perception involves more than simply combining sesory stimuli; therefore perception is studied as Gesalt

19. ________ refers to the way that sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced; ________ refers to what happens when sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor.

Perception;sensation

50. Several studies have suggested that non-Black participants identify weapons faster and are more likely to identify non-weapons as weapons when the image of the weapon is paired with the image of a Black person. What does this imply about perception?

Perceptions our influenced by implict prejudice & stereotypes

23. Catherine is at a crowded baseball game when she loses track of her son, Nick. Despite the loud cheering and noise of the crowd, she can pinpoint his location when he calls for her because she can distinguish the sound of his voice from the all the other voices. This illustrates ________ theory.

Single detection

25. Which of the following exemplifies olfaction?

Smelling cookies in the oven

13. What is vertigo?

Spinning sensation

49. Individuals suffering from congenital analgesia have a shorter life span due to ________.

Their injueries and secondary infections of injured sites.

4. Which type of processing involves the interpretation of sensations and is influenced by available knowledge, experiences, and thoughts?

Top-down

43. In addition to sweet, salty, sour, and bitter, what other taste groupings do we possess?

Umami & fat content

21. Sariah enters a room with several chirping crickets in it. Upon first entering the room, Sariah can hear the chirping; however, as she begins to talk to her friends, she is no longer aware of the chirping even though it is still there. The fact that Sariah no longer perceives the chirping sound demonstrates sensory ________.

adaptation

3. Inattentional ________ refers to the failure to notice something that is completely visible due to a lack of attention.

blindness

37. Ravon was born deaf, so he is diagnosed with ________ deafness.

congenital

7. Hertz is a measure of ________.

frequency

15. ________ is a chemical message sent by another individual.

pheromone

28. Due to his sense of ________, Abraham knows he is cold when he is outside during a blizzard, and he knows he is hot after he comes inside and eats soup by the fire.

thermoception

20. Your ears receive sound waves and convert this energy into neural messages that travel to your brain and are processed as sounds. This is an example of ________.

transduction

41. Which of the following statements best describes trichromatic theory and opponent-process theory?

Both theroies are equally accurate, but they apply to different levels of the nervous system

18. What kind of processing is exemplified by the following scenario? Esther's mother offers her a new dish she's been working on―a raisin-jalapeno quiche. Esther's body responds first: Esther eyes the content of the skillet, and smells the mix of raisins, jalapenos, and eggs. Her stomach churns and she looks away. Feeling disgust and disappointment, she says "I'm not hungry."

Bottom up