Chapter 6 & 7 review

CHAPTER 7

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in a properly drawn sample with a 3 percent sample error, 20% of 100 respondents indicate they intend to vote for a ballot measure. This means that there is high probability that between__ percent all voters actually plan to vote for the ballot measure

17 and 23

which amendment to the US constitution extended voting rights to 18 year olds

26 amendment

why is participation in local organizations twice as high in the United States as it is in Europe

Americans are most likely to attend church and engage in church- related community work Americans have an incentive to participate because there is more local control over policy in the United States in Europe

which of the following nations has the highest average turnout rate

Belgium

T or False: American in the lowest 20 percent of income earners have the highest levels of participation in the United States

False

The mass killings at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School resulted in which of the following?

March for our lives demonstrations national walk out day

blue states

Northeast, west coast

what role does party loyalty play in voting

Party loyalty heightens interest in voting.

which of the following terms refers to feeling of powerlessness, such as that rooted un the. belief that government pays no attention to an individual interests

alienation

which of the following refers to total lack of interest, such as a total lack of interest in politics

apathy

What protest movement of the modern era has had the most lasting effect?

black civil rights

how do Americans participate virtually in politics

by using resources and joining discussions on social media.

research indicated that when public option changes on major political issues, public policy tends to__

change in the same direction

the socialization process results in schemas, or frames of reference, that

citizens use to elevate issue and developments help forming a common cause

in general, which political values do white evangelical protestants support

conservative values

which of the following refers to a situation in which multiple group loyalties diminish a person identification with a single group

crosscutting

in general, Americans who believe that lifestyle choice is up to the individual are

cultural liberals

one characteristic of political socialization is that its effect are

cumulative

opponents of voter ID laws tend tend to be

democrats

which of the following forms of political participation require citizens to spend a comparatively large amount of personal resources

demonstrating for political causes volunteering in a political campaign

the black lives matter movement has sought, primarily , to highlight

disparities in local officials treatment of black and white citizens

When does the process of political socialization begin?

early childhood

in general, Americans who believe that government should use its power to help people who are economically disadvantage are

economic liberals

research indicates that peer influence can

encourage those without strong options to conform to the group

sampling

error(accuracy of a poll) is expressed as a plus-or-minus percentage

true or false: the accuracy of a poll is reduced when respondents express an opinion on an issue even they have not thought about that before

false

which of the following are primary socializing agents for children that can have a formative influence on children's beliefs

family, school,religion

which of the following limit government officials ability to govern solely accounting to public opinion

few people are well informed on public affairs many people support policies that are inconsistent with each other many people have opinions on issues they know little about

which of the following factors are said to adversely affect voter turn out in the United States

frequent elections voter registration laws

what three sources of division in the United States are now most closely linked yo partisanship

geography , religion and race

the occupy Wall Street movement , which began in 2011 was inspired by anger at the

government bailout of the finial industry during the financial crisis of 2008

which group of Americans have the highest level of voter participation

highest 20 percent of income earners

a person sense of loyalty to a political party

identification

a person's sense of loyalty to a political party us known as party

identification

the occupy Wall Street movement was aimed predominately at which issue

income inequality

the tea party movement did not support which of the following policies

increased federal spending higher taxes

for a movement to succeed it must

institutionalize its goals

Why did the communist movements fall in America

its goals were to odd with American values

Support for poverty programs is highest among which religious denominations?

jews and catholics

generally, secondary agents of socialization are more important

later in life

which of the following lawmakers were the original targets of the tea party movement

law makers who supported federal spending and higher taxes

In general, protest activity is ______ common in the United States than in many Western democracies.

less

the movements against gun violence had a relatively low profile until mass killing at

majority stoneman Douglas high school

which of the following groups has the highest rate of voter turn out

middle-aged people from the upper class

as compared to other democracies, how likely are Americans to contribute tie and money to political and community organizations

more likely

which of the following is true of people who consider themselves political independents

most of them lean toward one party or the other

senior citizens in the United States have a __ rate of voter turn out than voters under the age of 30 do.

much higher

what problem has recently arisen in using telephone polling

nonresponse rates have increased sharply.

in the United States, political opinions are affiliated more with___ than with income

occupation

which of the following would policymakers be likely to rely on when they want to act ss delegated in formulating and implementing policy

opinion polls

Who led the impassioned plea for tougher gun control measures after the Parkland shooting?

parkland studnets

the original regional divide between North and the South has been decreased by which of the following

people from less conservative areas have relocated to the south

a public opinion____ is designed to estimate the views or sentiments of the public

poll

Internet political participation peaks during which of the following?

presidential election.

which statement best describes the prevalent view of the public concerning protest activists in the United States

protest activity should be tolerated

the #metoo movement largest goal was

raise awareness for sexual misconduct

through various methods of random__, pollsters attempt to select a subset of the population that is representative of the population's views.

sampling

On which issues have regional differences persisted to the present day?

social welfare , civil rights

red states

south, great plains, rocky mountains

Unlike participation through interest groups or political parties, participation in political movements

takes place largely outside established institutions

in terms of political socialization, which if the following is considered a primary agent?

the family

the views of younger citizens in particular are affected by major events because

the options are not yet deeply rooted

What is the key to a poll's accuracy?

the size of the sample

to date, what is the most successful of the recent political movements

the tea party movement

which of the following events had a lasting influence on the political views of younger citizens in particular.

the terrorist attack in 2001 the Great Depression of the 1930s word war 2(1939-1945)

why do men and women differ in political opinions

their political opinions reflect their gendered positions in society, which tend to differ

which of the following is primary reason for low voter turn out rates among young adults

they change addresses frequently and need to re-register

why did states start registering voters

to prevent individuals from voting multiple times in the same election

T or F: Americans are often inconsistent in their preferences with regard to government policy

true

T or F: saliency refers to how important people think an issue is compared to other issues

true

T or F: the tea party movement was opposed ti higher taxes to support govenemrna programs

true

Americans participate more in politics than do citizens of other western democracies except in which of the following activities?

turning out to vote on Election Day

the degree to which education level and income are so clearly tied to voter participating in the United States is ___ when compared to European countries

unusual

which of these groups vote at above average rates?

upper-income americans college -educated individuals

suffrage is the right to

vote

which of the following results from a high frequency of election, such as having primary, general and referenda elections

voter fatigue

the promotion of eligible adult citizens who actually vote in a given election is known as ____

voter turn out

which of the following are examples of the effect economic class has on political opinion

welfare assistance has higher support among lower income Americans than higher income Americans income levels affect Americans options on some public policy issues

the overlap between groups has____ in Americas residential neighborhoods and workplaces

diminished

secondary socializing agents who influenced public opinion during COVID-19 pandemic include which of the following

health care experts public officials

Massive shifts in party identification are most likely to occur ______.

in response to major events

how did the supreme court rule on the indiana law requiring citizens to obtain a government- issued voter identification card in order to vote?

it upheld in the indiana law

how did the supreme court rule on the indiana law requiring citizens to obtain a government-issued voter identification card in order to vote?

it upheld the indiana law

responding to public option has recently became more challenging for policymakers because

misinformation means that people options are often not grounded in reality

which of the following are ways American children are taught patriotism in school

reciting the pledge of alliance and learning to admire the founding fathers

salience

refers to whether people have a pro or con position on an issue

which of the following arguments drew large support for passing the twenty sixth amendment , granting 18 year olds the right to vote

since 18 year olds were eligible to be drafted they should be able to vote

in terms of political socialization, which of the following is considered a primary agent.

the family

___are representatives who take their constituents desire into account when taking positions on policy issues, but do not always do exactly as their constituents wish

trustees

of the following age groups, the political views of which one are most likely to be influenced when a major historical event occurs such as a war or an economic depression

young people

which of the following reduce the accuracy of a poll

respondents hide their true opinions. respondents reached by telephone refuse to participate. Respondents are questioned are questioned about unfamiliar issues

Harvard's Robert Putnam refers to the sum of face-to-face civic interactions among citizens in a society as ______.

social capital

More people in the United States participate in election campaigns than people in other countries do because

the United States more elected posts than other countries do

what law did congress enact in 1993 that required states to allow people to register to vote when applying for drivers license or public assistance

the motor voter act

political scientists focus on which of the following dimensions when evaluating public opinion?

direction, intensity, salience

During the Trump presidency, the opinions of and policies supported by congressional Republicans regarding a specific issue changed, illustrating how abrupt shifts in public opinion can alter the boundaries of acceptable action. On which issue did Republicans change their opinion?

free trade

citizens who party identifies have___levels of voter turnout rates than those who identify as independent

higher

which following statements correctly describes the relationship between income and political participation in the United States

higher-income citizens are the most active because they have the resources to participate effectively

americans opinions about politics are formed in large measure through which of the following frames of reference

identifying with political parties leaning toward particular ideologies

the situation where people align themselves politically with other members of a group they belong to, such as race or religion is called

identity politics

which of the following refers to how strongly people feel about the position on an issue -for example, "very important" or "not important at all"

intensity

which of the following tactics were used to disenfranchise blacks in the post-civil war south despite the passage of the 15th amendment

literacy tests , publicized lists of voters