Chapter 6 & 7 review
CHAPTER 7
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in a properly drawn sample with a 3 percent sample error, 20% of 100 respondents indicate they intend to vote for a ballot measure. This means that there is high probability that between__ percent all voters actually plan to vote for the ballot measure
17 and 23
which amendment to the US constitution extended voting rights to 18 year olds
26 amendment
why is participation in local organizations twice as high in the United States as it is in Europe
Americans are most likely to attend church and engage in church- related community work Americans have an incentive to participate because there is more local control over policy in the United States in Europe
which of the following nations has the highest average turnout rate
Belgium
T or False: American in the lowest 20 percent of income earners have the highest levels of participation in the United States
False
The mass killings at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School resulted in which of the following?
March for our lives demonstrations national walk out day
blue states
Northeast, west coast
what role does party loyalty play in voting
Party loyalty heightens interest in voting.
which of the following terms refers to feeling of powerlessness, such as that rooted un the. belief that government pays no attention to an individual interests
alienation
which of the following refers to total lack of interest, such as a total lack of interest in politics
apathy
What protest movement of the modern era has had the most lasting effect?
black civil rights
how do Americans participate virtually in politics
by using resources and joining discussions on social media.
research indicated that when public option changes on major political issues, public policy tends to__
change in the same direction
the socialization process results in schemas, or frames of reference, that
citizens use to elevate issue and developments help forming a common cause
in general, which political values do white evangelical protestants support
conservative values
which of the following refers to a situation in which multiple group loyalties diminish a person identification with a single group
crosscutting
in general, Americans who believe that lifestyle choice is up to the individual are
cultural liberals
one characteristic of political socialization is that its effect are
cumulative
opponents of voter ID laws tend tend to be
democrats
which of the following forms of political participation require citizens to spend a comparatively large amount of personal resources
demonstrating for political causes volunteering in a political campaign
the black lives matter movement has sought, primarily , to highlight
disparities in local officials treatment of black and white citizens
When does the process of political socialization begin?
early childhood
in general, Americans who believe that government should use its power to help people who are economically disadvantage are
economic liberals
research indicates that peer influence can
encourage those without strong options to conform to the group
sampling
error(accuracy of a poll) is expressed as a plus-or-minus percentage
true or false: the accuracy of a poll is reduced when respondents express an opinion on an issue even they have not thought about that before
false
which of the following are primary socializing agents for children that can have a formative influence on children's beliefs
family, school,religion
which of the following limit government officials ability to govern solely accounting to public opinion
few people are well informed on public affairs many people support policies that are inconsistent with each other many people have opinions on issues they know little about
which of the following factors are said to adversely affect voter turn out in the United States
frequent elections voter registration laws
what three sources of division in the United States are now most closely linked yo partisanship
geography , religion and race
the occupy Wall Street movement , which began in 2011 was inspired by anger at the
government bailout of the finial industry during the financial crisis of 2008
which group of Americans have the highest level of voter participation
highest 20 percent of income earners
a person sense of loyalty to a political party
identification
a person's sense of loyalty to a political party us known as party
identification
the occupy Wall Street movement was aimed predominately at which issue
income inequality
the tea party movement did not support which of the following policies
increased federal spending higher taxes
for a movement to succeed it must
institutionalize its goals
Why did the communist movements fall in America
its goals were to odd with American values
Support for poverty programs is highest among which religious denominations?
jews and catholics
generally, secondary agents of socialization are more important
later in life
which of the following lawmakers were the original targets of the tea party movement
law makers who supported federal spending and higher taxes
In general, protest activity is ______ common in the United States than in many Western democracies.
less
the movements against gun violence had a relatively low profile until mass killing at
majority stoneman Douglas high school
which of the following groups has the highest rate of voter turn out
middle-aged people from the upper class
as compared to other democracies, how likely are Americans to contribute tie and money to political and community organizations
more likely
which of the following is true of people who consider themselves political independents
most of them lean toward one party or the other
senior citizens in the United States have a __ rate of voter turn out than voters under the age of 30 do.
much higher
what problem has recently arisen in using telephone polling
nonresponse rates have increased sharply.
in the United States, political opinions are affiliated more with___ than with income
occupation
which of the following would policymakers be likely to rely on when they want to act ss delegated in formulating and implementing policy
opinion polls
Who led the impassioned plea for tougher gun control measures after the Parkland shooting?
parkland studnets
the original regional divide between North and the South has been decreased by which of the following
people from less conservative areas have relocated to the south
a public opinion____ is designed to estimate the views or sentiments of the public
poll
Internet political participation peaks during which of the following?
presidential election.
which statement best describes the prevalent view of the public concerning protest activists in the United States
protest activity should be tolerated
the #metoo movement largest goal was
raise awareness for sexual misconduct
through various methods of random__, pollsters attempt to select a subset of the population that is representative of the population's views.
sampling
On which issues have regional differences persisted to the present day?
social welfare , civil rights
red states
south, great plains, rocky mountains
Unlike participation through interest groups or political parties, participation in political movements
takes place largely outside established institutions
in terms of political socialization, which if the following is considered a primary agent?
the family
the views of younger citizens in particular are affected by major events because
the options are not yet deeply rooted
What is the key to a poll's accuracy?
the size of the sample
to date, what is the most successful of the recent political movements
the tea party movement
which of the following events had a lasting influence on the political views of younger citizens in particular.
the terrorist attack in 2001 the Great Depression of the 1930s word war 2(1939-1945)
why do men and women differ in political opinions
their political opinions reflect their gendered positions in society, which tend to differ
which of the following is primary reason for low voter turn out rates among young adults
they change addresses frequently and need to re-register
why did states start registering voters
to prevent individuals from voting multiple times in the same election
T or F: Americans are often inconsistent in their preferences with regard to government policy
true
T or F: saliency refers to how important people think an issue is compared to other issues
true
T or F: the tea party movement was opposed ti higher taxes to support govenemrna programs
true
Americans participate more in politics than do citizens of other western democracies except in which of the following activities?
turning out to vote on Election Day
the degree to which education level and income are so clearly tied to voter participating in the United States is ___ when compared to European countries
unusual
which of these groups vote at above average rates?
upper-income americans college -educated individuals
suffrage is the right to
vote
which of the following results from a high frequency of election, such as having primary, general and referenda elections
voter fatigue
the promotion of eligible adult citizens who actually vote in a given election is known as ____
voter turn out
which of the following are examples of the effect economic class has on political opinion
welfare assistance has higher support among lower income Americans than higher income Americans income levels affect Americans options on some public policy issues
the overlap between groups has____ in Americas residential neighborhoods and workplaces
diminished
secondary socializing agents who influenced public opinion during COVID-19 pandemic include which of the following
health care experts public officials
Massive shifts in party identification are most likely to occur ______.
in response to major events
how did the supreme court rule on the indiana law requiring citizens to obtain a government- issued voter identification card in order to vote?
it upheld in the indiana law
how did the supreme court rule on the indiana law requiring citizens to obtain a government-issued voter identification card in order to vote?
it upheld the indiana law
responding to public option has recently became more challenging for policymakers because
misinformation means that people options are often not grounded in reality
which of the following are ways American children are taught patriotism in school
reciting the pledge of alliance and learning to admire the founding fathers
salience
refers to whether people have a pro or con position on an issue
which of the following arguments drew large support for passing the twenty sixth amendment , granting 18 year olds the right to vote
since 18 year olds were eligible to be drafted they should be able to vote
in terms of political socialization, which of the following is considered a primary agent.
the family
___are representatives who take their constituents desire into account when taking positions on policy issues, but do not always do exactly as their constituents wish
trustees
of the following age groups, the political views of which one are most likely to be influenced when a major historical event occurs such as a war or an economic depression
young people
which of the following reduce the accuracy of a poll
respondents hide their true opinions. respondents reached by telephone refuse to participate. Respondents are questioned are questioned about unfamiliar issues
Harvard's Robert Putnam refers to the sum of face-to-face civic interactions among citizens in a society as ______.
social capital
More people in the United States participate in election campaigns than people in other countries do because
the United States more elected posts than other countries do
what law did congress enact in 1993 that required states to allow people to register to vote when applying for drivers license or public assistance
the motor voter act
political scientists focus on which of the following dimensions when evaluating public opinion?
direction, intensity, salience
During the Trump presidency, the opinions of and policies supported by congressional Republicans regarding a specific issue changed, illustrating how abrupt shifts in public opinion can alter the boundaries of acceptable action. On which issue did Republicans change their opinion?
free trade
citizens who party identifies have___levels of voter turnout rates than those who identify as independent
higher
which following statements correctly describes the relationship between income and political participation in the United States
higher-income citizens are the most active because they have the resources to participate effectively
americans opinions about politics are formed in large measure through which of the following frames of reference
identifying with political parties leaning toward particular ideologies
the situation where people align themselves politically with other members of a group they belong to, such as race or religion is called
identity politics
which of the following refers to how strongly people feel about the position on an issue -for example, "very important" or "not important at all"
intensity
which of the following tactics were used to disenfranchise blacks in the post-civil war south despite the passage of the 15th amendment
literacy tests , publicized lists of voters