Chapter 6, Carbohydrates

Chlorophyll is the green pigment in plants, is necessary for photosynthesis.

define chlorophyll

Complex carbohydrates are carbohydrates that require more work for the body to digest.

define complex carbohydrates

Monosaccharide is a sugar with a single chemical unit.

define monosaccharides

Simple carbohydrates are carbohydrates with a simple chemical structure.

define simple carbohydrates

Starches are known as polysaccharides.

what are starches known as

During digestion, our bodies convert carbohydrates to glucose.

what does your body do to carbohydrates

When we eat foods from plants, we get carbohydrates in all forms--sugar, starch, and fiber.

what happens when you eat food from plants

A disaccharide is a sugar made of two monosaccharides.

what is a disaccharide

A natural sugar is a sweet taste that comes from fruits and vegetables.

what is a natural sugar

Fiber essential for good health.

what is fiber's purpose

Carbohydrates come mostly from plant foods such as fruits, vegetables, grain products, dry beans, nuts, and seeds.

where do carbohydrates come from?

Starch is a carbohydrate with a more complex chemical structure than a sugar. Starch can be used as a thickening agent when dissolved in water and heated.

Define starch and tell me what it can be used as.

Sucrose- (glucose+fructose) is found in fruits, sugar cane, and sugar beets. Lactose (glucose+galactose) is found only in milk and milk products. Maltose (glucose+glucose) forms when starch is digested.

List and define the three disaccharides most often found in food:

Glucose- this mildly sweet sugar is found in fruits, vegetables, honey, and corn syrup. Glucose is also known as dextrose. Fructose- fruits, many vegetables, and honey contain fructose, a highly sweet sugar. Galactose- this sugar is in a few foods, including milk. Galactose helps create milk sugar (lactose). Galactose is not very sweet.

List and define the three monosaccharides most often found in food:

Fiber cannot be digested.

can fiber be digested

Plants create carbohydrates through photosynthesis.

how do plants create carbohydrates?

sugars, starches, and fibers

list three types of carbohydrates