Chapter 6-Integumentary System

Epidermal dendritic cells are found in which of the of the strata?

Basalt, granulosum, spinosum

The two types of hemangioma are ____ and _____.

Capillary, cavernous

The ____ layer of the dermis consists primarily of dense irregular tissue with large bundles of collagen fibers.

Reticular

The hair follicle is an oblique tube that surrounds the hair ___.

Root

____ glands are also called sweat glands.

Sudoriferous

Lines of cleavage (or tension lines) in the skin relate to the predominate orientation of ____ fiber bundles

Collagen

The predominant type of protein fiber found in the dermis is ____.

Collagen

Lines of cleavage (or tension lines) in the skin identify the predominant orientation of ____ fiber bundles in the______.

Collagen, dermis

At the nail root and proximal end of the nail body, the nail thickens to form the nail ____ .

Matrix

When skin has been damaged. Which integumentary system components are NOT repaired?

Nerves, hair follicles, exocrine glands

Hair is found everywhere on the body except the sides and ___ of the handstand fingers, the sides and ___ of the feet and toes, the lips, and portions of the external genitalia.

Palms, soles

The ____layer of the dermis contains areolar connective tissue and dermis papillae.

Papillary

In the dermis of the skin, ____ fibers impart strength while ____ fibers allow some stretch.

Collagen, elastic

In thick skin, the layers of epidermis that contain dead keratinocytes are the stratum lucidum and stratum ____.

Corneum

The stratum ____ consists of about 20 to 30 layers of dead, scaly, interlocking keratinized cells.

Corneum

In addition to keratinocytes, the stratum spinous also contains another epidermal cell type called epidermal ___ cells which help fight infection.

Dendritic

In the second step of wound healing, a blood clot temporarily patches the ____ of the wound together and acts as a barrier to prevent the entry of -____ into the body

Edges, pathogens

Third degree burns involve the ____, dermis, and ____ layer, which often are destroyed

Epidermis and subcutaneous

The two distinct layers of integument consist of a layer of stratified squamous epithelium called the ____ and a deep layer of areolar and dense irregular connective tissue called the ______.

Epidermis, dermis

First degree burns involve on the ____ and are characterized by ____ , pain, and slight edema.

Epidermis, redness

In the layer of the epidermis called the stratum___ , the process of keratinization begins.

Granulosum

What are the functions of the skin?

Heat regulation, barrier to water loss

The subcutaneous layer is also know. As the ____ or superficial fascia.

Hypodermis

The most numerous cells of the epidermis are _____ and the protein they produce is called _____.

Keratinocytes, keratin

In the third step of wound healing, ___ within the wound begin to remove the clotted blood.

Macrophages

A Nevis is commonly referred to as a __. It is a harmless, localized growth of ___ forming cells.

Mole, melanocytes

The main function of melanin pigment is to protect the ____ of keratinocytes from UV radiation.

Nucleus

Terminal hair is the type of hair that grows on the ____, and is also the hair of _____ and eyebrows, the axils, and the pubic region. In men, it also grows on the face.

Scalp, eyelashes

When part of the skin is too severely damaged or it's cells lack the capacity to divide, the body fills in the gap with ___ tissue. This process is know as ____.

Scar, fibrosis

Because skin can absorb certain chemicals and block others, it is described as ___ permeable.

Semi

Sebaceous glands are activated primarily by ____ during puberty in both sexes.

Sex hormones

The major function of Nero crime sweat glands is ____.

Thermoregulation

There are three main variations of epidermis. These variations are ____, coloration, and skin markings.

Thickness

In children, ____ is the primary human hair and is found on most of the body

Vellus

Among the stimuli detected by the sensory receptors of the skin are____ .

Vibration, pressure, cold

As a result of the aging process, hair follicles can actually ___ production of hairs.

stop

On many parts of the body, the components of the dermis include blood vessels, ____ glands, _____ glands, hair follicles, nail roots, sensory nerve endings, and smooth muscle tissue.

Sweat, sebaceous

The release of water vapor from sweat glands when we are not sweating is a process called _____.

Transpiration

Nails are derived from the same type of cells that produce the stratum ___ layer of the epidermis

Corneum

People most likely to develop skin cancer are those with ____.

Fair skin

Friction ridges are used as forensic tools because they leave noticeable prints on touched surfaces, commonly called ____.

Finger prints

Keratinocytes of the epidermis are usually present for about ____ weeks.

Four

Mammary glands only become functional in which of the following conditions?

Pregnant and lactating women

Which organs are involved in making calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D?

Skin, liver, kidney

The substances that make sweat feel gritty are water, ___ and ___.

Slat, urea

All people, of all skin tones, have about the same number of melanocytes.

True

Skin classification as either thick or thin based on two parameters: the number of epidermal _____ in the epidermis and the relative _____ of the epidermis, rather than the thickness of the entire integument.

Strata, thickness

Immune cells found in the epidermis are called ____ cells.

Epidermal dendritic

Healing of second degree burns takes approximately -____ weeks, and slight scarring may occur.

2-4

_____ is an inherited recessive condition where the enzymes needed to produce melanin is nonfunctional.

Albinism

Scientifically, thinning of the hair on the scalp is called ____.

Alopecia

A hemangioma is a congenital anomaly in skin discoloration due to ___that proliferate and form a veining tumor.

Blood vessels

In the first step of wound healing, blood brings ____ proteins, numerous white blood cells and antibodies to the site.

Clotting

The nails, hair, and exocrine glands of the skin are known as ___.

Epidermal appendages

Nerve fibers in the skin monitor sensory receptors in the. ____ and ____ .

Dermis and epidermis

In the third step of wound healing, the cut blood vessel ____ and grow into the wound.

Regenerate

In what two ways are damaged skin tissues normally repaired?

Regeneration, fribrosis