Chapter 6 Practice Quiz

The epidermis of thick skin ranges between ___ millimeters thick

0.4 and 0.6

Match the type of gland with its location

1. Apocrine = axillary, anal, areolar, and pubic regions 2. Merocrine = distrubted throughout body 3. Sebaceous = associated with hair follicles over much of the skin 4. Ceruminous = external acoustic meatus 5. Mammary = breasts

The subcutaneous layer or hypodermics is made up of two types of connective tissue: ___ and ___

1. Arellano 2. Adipose

Which are functions of the skin?

1. Barrier to water loss 2. Calcitriol production 3. Heat regulation

Match the acne leison with its description

1. Blackhead = an open comedo 2. Whitehead = a closed comedo 3. Nodule - similar to a pustule, but extending into the deeper skin layers

The net effect of vasoconstriction of the dermal blood vessels is a shunting of ___ away from the ___ of the body

1. Blood 2. Periphery

The visible part of each nail consists of two parts, a pinkish nail ___, which appears pink because of blood flowing through underlying ___; and a distal whitish free ___, which appears white because there are no underlying ___

1. Body 2. Capillaries 3. Edge 4. Capillaries

The nail plate is composed of the nail ___, the nail ___, and the free edge

1. Body 2. Root

Women often accumulate subcutaneous fat in the ___, ___, hips, and thighs

1. Breasts 2. Buttocks

Among the stimuli detected by the sensory receptors of the skin are ___? Select all that apply

1. Cold 2. Pressure 3. Heat 4. Vibration

When the skin is stretched beyond its capacity, some ___ fibers ar torn and result in stretch marks, which are called ___

1. Collagen 2. Striae

The epidermis lacks which of the following? Select all that apply?

1. Collagen fibers 2. Adipose tissue 3. Blood vessels

The cells of a hair follicle's walls are organized into two principal concentric layers: an outer ___ tissue root sheath, which originates from the dermis, and an inner ___ tissue root sheath, which originates from the epidermis

1. Connective 2. Epithelial

Cold can result in blood vessel ___, in the dermis, to reduce ___ blood flow which allows the body to conserve heat

1. Construction 2. Reduce

Nails are derived from the same type of cells that produce the stratum ___ layer of the epidermis. The cells that form the nails are densely packed and filled with parallel fibers of hard ___ protein

1. Corneum 2. Keratin

The skin is made up of two distinct layers, the ___ and the ___

1. Epidermis 2. Dermis

Within the stratum granule sum begins a process called ___ by which the keratinocytes fill up with the protein ___

1. Keratinization 2. Keratin

Classify the tissue types of the epidermis: ___ ___ ___ ___

1. Keratinized 2. Stratified 3. Squamous 4. Epithelium

Tactile cells are described best by which of the following? Select all that apply

1. Large epithelial cells 2. Can be stimulated by light touch 3. Also called Merkel cells 4. Can be stimulated by light pressure

Normal skin color results from a combination of factors, mainly pigments called ___, ___, and ___

1. Melanin 2. Carotene 3. Hemoglobin

The main functions of the subcutaneous layer are which of the following? Select all that apply

1. Provides thermal insulation 2. Acts as an energy reservoir 3. Protects the body

Capillary hemangioma so or 'strawberry-colored birthmarks,' appear in the skin as bright ___ to deep ___ nodules that usually disappear in childhood

1. Red 2. Purple

After a stem cell divides in the stratum basalt, the resulting daughter cell enters the stratum ___ and it begins to lose its ability to ___

1. Spinous 2. Divide

The skin houses two types of general exocrine glands: ___ glands and ___ glands

1. Sweat 2. Sebaceous

The major functions of metro fine sweat glands are ___

1. Thermoregulation 2. Secretion 3. Protection

There are three main variations in the epidermis. These variations are ___, ___, and skin markings

1. Thickness 2. Coloration

Which is a possible description of the skin's form and function?

1. Washable 2. Indicator of health 3. Barrier 4. Self renewing

in thin and thick skin, the layers that contain living cells are the stratum ___ stratum ___, and stratum ___

1. basale 2. spinosum 3. granulosum

Which protein provides the epidermis with its water resistance?

Keratin

Sebaceous glands produce a(n) ___ material that coats hair shafts and the epidermal surface

Oily

Sebaceous glands are activated primarily by ___ during puberty in both sexes

Sex hormones

The layer of the skin from which most new -I dermal cells are derived from is the

Stratum basale

The most superficial layer of the epidermis is the ___

Stratum corneum

In thick skin there is an extra layer of epidermal cells. This layer is called ____ ___

Stratum lucidum

Scattered among the cells of the stratum basalt are cells that are sensitive to touch. These sensory cells are called ___ cells

Tactile

Friction ridges assume the shapes of complex arches and whorls in ___ skin

Thick

true or false: the acidic pH of metro crime sweat helps prevent the growth of some pathogenic bacteria

True

Which hair type is the primary human hair and is found on most of the body

Vellus

when a person is severely burned, a primary danger is ___ because the individual has lost the protective skin barrier and water can escape from body tissues

dehydration

the sebaceous glands of the skin secrete an oily material called ___

sebum

because skin can absorb certain chemicals and block others, it is described as ___ permeable

selectively

true or false: the epidermis is water resistant

true

some cells in the epidermis produce cholecalciferol when exposed to UV radiation. this substance travels to the kidneys where it is transformed into ___. this new substance is a hormone that promotes ___ and phosphate absorption from ingested materials in the small intestine

1. calcitrol 2.calcium

in thick skin, the layers of the epidermis that contain dead keratinocytes are the stratum ___ and stratum ___

1. corner 2. lucidum

many cells in the epidermis produce ___ when exposed to UV radiation

1. vitamin D3 2. cholecalciferol

keratinocytes of the epidermis are usually present for about for about ___ week(s)

4

The nail matrix is the

Actively growing part of the nail

A hemangioma is a congenital anomaly that results in skin discoloration due to ___ that proliferate and form a benign tumor

Blood vessels

In the nails, the lunula appears whitish because a thickened underlying stratum basalt obscures the underlying ___

Blood vessels

Since there are no blood vessels in the epidermis, where does it supply of nutrients come from?

Blood vessels in the dermis

Lines of cleavage (or tension lines) in the skin relate to the predominant orientation of ___ fiber bundles

Collagen/dermis

Another name for the skin is the ___ membrane

Cutaneous

Vasoconstriction means that the diameter of the vessels ___, so relatively ___ blood can travel through them

Decrease/less

Apocrine and metro fine sweat glands release their secretory products by the process of ___

Exocytosis

Sebaceous glands are most abundant on the ___ and ___

Face/scalp