Chapter 6 Sociology

queer

According to _________theorists, who study the way media present homosexuality, while significant strides have been made, stigmatization of gays and lesbians in the media still persists.

It condones the portrayal of women as sex objects. It presents women as sex objects. It carries an implicit endorsement of violence against women.

Feminist theorists have differing views toward women and pornography, but many think that pornography does which of the following?

create false images of subordinate groups that then become accepted as accurate portrayals of reality

Media create stereotypes when they ______.

How are advertisers able to influence media content?

Media depend heavily on advertising revenue.

Which of the following media bombards children with 20,000 commercials a year?

Television

Big Brother Who Wants to Be a Millionaire Survivor

Which of the following television reality shows were imported to the United States from other countries?

hyper-local media

Which of the following terms refers to news reporting that focuses on issues such as which neighborhood restaurant is best or what caused the fire down the street?

Interactionalist

Which type of sociologist would be more likely to study family and friends who gather together to watch certain media events?

Conflict

Which type of sociologist would most likely focus on government efforts to regulate the flow of information on the Internet?

Current international news reflects poorly on developing nations.

Why have developing nations argued for an improved two-way flow of mass media between developing and industrial nations?

Local

With online websites and blogs, coverage of events in a very limited area, or hyper- __________ local , Correct Unavailable media, can reach and affect an international audience.

A social media user who has established credibility in a specific industry, such as fashion or electronics or toys is referred to as a(n) ______.

influencer

In addition to publishing information about people, the media confer celebrity status by publishing ______.

information about the frequency of Internet searches.

Which consequences are likely results of people managing and restricting their media exposure on the Internet?

less exposure to a variety of ideas and thoughts and more closed-minded society

Observing audience members interacting at a sports event would be an example of looking at the audience from the level of ______.

microsociology

If an audience fails to take action after seeing prolonged reports on natural disasters or human rights violations, which phenomenon are they experiencing?

narcotizing dysfunction

Which of the following refers to the collective benefit of social networks, which are built on reciprocal trust?

social capital

Community members gathering around a village's first television is an example of how technology can create new ______ in developing countries.

social norms

One feminist critique of pornography is that it promotes ______ women.

violence against

Which of the following aspects of the media is associated with the conflict perspective?

gatekeeping

From the functionalist perspective, mass media serve which of the following functions for society ?

- Enforcer of social norms - Agent of socialization - Consumption promoter

By accessing audiences' online viewing history, creators of fake news identify their audience's ______.

Biases

Which of the following are aspects of the media that would be emphasized by the feminist perspective?

Differential impact on women Misrepresentation of women

Which of the following are media roles that would be emphasized by the conflict perspective?

Digital divide Media monitoring Gatekeeping Construction of reality

Match the sociological perspective with its view on the use and abuse of media technologies.

Functionalist- points out that the Internet performs the manifest function of facilitating communication and the latent function of empowering people with few resources to communicate with the masses Conflict - Expresses concerns about those in power exercising control over what people can read Interactionist - Points out that the Internet performs the manifest function of facilitating communication and the latent function of empowering people with few resources to communicate with the masses

With technological advances, physical distance is no longer a barrier and instant messaging is possible across the world. This is best characterized by which of the following?

Global village

They have fewer romances. They are more often the object of ridicule than their thin counterparts.

In which of the following ways are overweight people stereotyped on television shows?

digital divide

Inability of certain groups to access high-speed Internet access

Small groups

Interactionists would be more apt to focus on which of the following when gathering data on how the media affects social behavior?

The digital divide

Low-income groups, racial and ethnic minorities, rural residents, and the citizens of developing countries may have limited access to the latest technologies, such as computers, the Internet, and e-mail. What is this lack of technology called?

At the ______ level, sociologists might examine broader societal consequences of media, such as the effect of violent television shows on teenage viewers.

Macro

Which situations are examples of how social connections can emerge from television?

People share memories of beloved television shows. Neighbors gather to watch an important football game. An online forum is created to discuss episodes of a popular series.

Who are opinion leaders?

People who influence those around them.

status

Publishing information about celebrities' Internet search rankings is one example of how the media confer

narcotizing dysfunction

Sociologists Paul Lazarsfeld and Robert Merton coined the term ______ to describe how an overabundance of media coverage on a topic results in the audience failing to act on that information.

Why does sociologist Todd Gitlin describe the media's reach as a global torrent?

The media are involved in all aspects of daily life.

How did public health researchers collect the information they needed to effectively concentrate their malaria control efforts during a recent outbreak?

They monitored text messages sent by Kenyans.

From a functionalist perspective, what function do television crime dramas serve for society?

They reinforce differences between acceptable and unacceptable behavior.

There are no federal regulations on the use of facial recognition software for commercial or government use.

True

There can be a promotion of misinformation.

Unlike broadcast television, the Internet lacks gatekeeping. What is the main dysfunction of this?

stereotype

Unreliable generalizations about all members of a group that do not recognize individual differences within the group are referred to as ______.

social media

Websites and online applications that enable people to create and share content or to participate in social networking are referred to

to protect and promote their own films and television to reduce the amount of U.S. cultural influence

What are some of the reasons other countries might limit the import of American media?

maximizing profits

When a U.S. private enterprise uses gatekeeping to disseminate information, what is its primary goal?

Socialization Conferral of status Narcotizing effect (dysfunction) Enforcement of social norms

Which of the following are media roles that would be emphasized by the functionalist perspective?

Conflict

Which of the following categories of sociologists would most likely focus on media bias toward or against certain racial, ethnic, or gender groups?

Internet service providers will terminate accounts for offensive behavior, which is a form of gatekeeping.

Which of the following is true about gatekeeping on the Internet?

From a functionalist perspective, the mass media not only entertain but also provide ______

a collective experience for members of society.

A main difference between influencers and opinion leaders is that influencers ______.

are new to the scene and constantly churn out content on social media

Online marketing allows advertisers to do which of the following?

develop two-way communication with consumers

What is the term for the process of only listening to one viewpoint on a given topic?

egocasting

Which of the following groups has a lower rate of Internet access than the others?

elderly

Advertising is part of a consumer culture that ______ what people need to be satisfied.

promotes unrealistic expectations about

Online advertising is also referred to as ______ marketing.

relationship

An audience at a rock concert would be described as a(n) ______ group.

secondary

The specialized targeted of audiences creates a ______ audience.

segmented

When women make newsworthy accomplishments in fields traditionally dominated by men, the media are often ______.

slow to recognize their accomplishments

Family and community resources on which a person can draw is called

social capital