Chapter 7-8

Since salivary enzymes normally operate best at all pH close to neutral, the optimum pH range for the hydrolysis od carbohydrates in the human mouth would be

6-8

Which structures are found in every living cell?

A Plasma membrane and cytoplasm

The largest amount of DNA in a plant cell is contained in A) a nucleus B) a chromosome C) a protein molecule D) an enzyme molecule

A) a nucleus

The process of active transport requires the most direct use of

ATP

Which process requires cellular energy?

Active Transport

Red blood cells contain a higher concentration of potassium than the surrounding blood plasma does. This higher concentration is maintained by the process of

Active transport

Which process would include a net movemant of sugar molecules through a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration?

Active transport

Hydrogen peroide(H2O2) is a toxic by-product of cellular metabolism in aerobic organisms. The reaction below occurs within the cells to prevent the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide. 2H2O2----(catalase)-->2H2O+O2 In this reaction, catalase functions as a

An enzyme in the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide

A structure that performs a specialized function within a cell is known as

An organelle

Which organelle is correctly paired with its function? A)nucleus-provides carbohydrates for fermentation B) chloroplast-serves as a site for photosythesis C) centriole-synthesizes digestive enzymes D)lysosome-packages cellular products

B) Chloroplast-serves as the site for photosynthesis

In plants, simple sugars are LEAST likely to be' A) linked together to form proteins B) broken down into carbon dioxide and water C) used as a source of energy D) stored in the form of starch molecules

B) broken down into carbon dioxide and water

Hereditary information is stored inside the A) ribosomes, which has chromosomes that contain many genes B) ribosomes, which have genes that contain many chromosomes C) nucleus, which has chromosomes that contain many genes D) nucleus, which has genes that contain many chromosomes

C) nucleus, which has chromosomes that contain many genes

An enzyme that works best in an acidic enviroment would function best at a pH of A)11 B)9 C)3 D)7

C)3

Which group of organic molecules includes glycogen and glucose?

Carbohydrates

An enviroment can support only as many organims as the available energy, minerals, and oxygen will allow. Which term is best described by this statement?

Carrying capacity

A structure involved in regulating the movement of material into a cell is the

Cell membrane

Which structure is most directly responsible for maintaining homeostasis in all cells?

Cell membrane

One difference between plant and animal cells is that the animal cells do NOT have

Chloroplasts

A symbiotic relationship exists between two organisms of different species. If only one organisms benefits from the relationship and the other is not harmed, the relationship is known as

Commensalism

Which factor would have the LEAST effect on the rate at which an enzyme breaks down starch? A)the pH of the solution in which the reaction is occuring B)the concentrations of starch and enzyme C)the temperature at which the reaction is taking place D)the wavelength of light illuminating the reaction

D) The wavelength of light illuminating the reaction

Cyanide is a poison that limits the ability of an animal cell to manufacture ATP. In a cell containing a small amount of cyanide, which process would be LEAST affected?

Diffusion

Water is classified as an inorganic compound becuase it

Does not contain carbon

Which two groups of organisms are most likely to be pioneer organisms?

Lichens and algae

The large amount of salt in the air and water of coastal areas determines which species can exist there. In these areas, the salt functions as a

Limiting factor

Which type of biome occupies the largest area of Earth?

Marine

Which organelles must be present within a cell of a geranium leaf for respiration and photosythesis to occur?

Mitochondria and chloroplast

An intestinal cell that secretes an enzyme would most likely contain many

Ribosomes

Which cell organelle is most directly involed with the bonding of amino acids?

Ribosomes

Two examples of carbohydrates are

Sugars and starches

Two abiotic factors that determine which terrestrial biome is found in a geographical area are

Temperature and moisture

The reason that organsims can NOT produce popluations of unlimited size is that

The resources of Earth are finite

Most of the chemical reactions occuring in a living cell depend on the presence of an inorganic compound known as

Water

Which molecule will most likely diffuse through a cell membrane? A) starch B) water C) active transport D) passive transport

Water

Which substance plays a major role in the most of the chemical reactions that occur in a living cell?

Water