Chapter 7

Which of the following is not a true statement regarding data flows?

A data flow can go directly back to the same process it leaves.

Which of the following is a true statement regarding a data store?

A data store has a noun phrase label.

Which of the following is a true statement regarding data flows?

A join in a data flow means that exactly the same data comes from any of two or more different processes, data stores, or sources/sinks to a common location.

______________ is the conservation of inputs and outputs to a data flow diagram process when that process is decomposed to a lower level.

Balancing

Which of the following is not an advanced rule governing data flow diagramming?

Composite data flows on one level cannot be split into component data flows at the next level.

If your DFD contains data flows that do not lead anywhere, then your DFD violates the _______________ guideline.

DFD completeness

The extent to which all necessary components of a data flow diagram have been included and fully described refers to:

DFD completeness

________________ is the extent to which all necessary components of a data flow diagram have been included and fully described.

DFD completeness

If a data flow appears on a higher level DFD but not on lower levels, this situation violates the _______________________________ guideline.

DFD consistency

___________________ is the extent to which information contained on one level of a set of nested data flow diagrams is also included on other levels.

DFD consistency

________________________________________________________________________________________are three types of process modeling.

Data flow diagramming, process modeler, and functional hierarchy modeling

A data flow can go directly back to the same process it leaves.

False

A primitive level data flow diagram is the first deliverable produced during requirements structuring.

False

Assume Process 7.4 produces a data flow and that Process 7.2 must be ready to accept it; we would say that these processes are physically linked to each other.

False

Assume shipment data is entered into a logbook once shipments are received at the company's warehouse; the logbook is represented on a data flow diagram as a sink.

False

Context diagrams have only one process labeled "P-1."

False

Coupling is the conservation of inputs and outputs to a data flow diagram process when that process is decomposed to a lower level.

False

DFD cohesion means your DFDs include all of the necessary components for the system you are modeling.

False

Double-ended arrows are used to represent data flowing in both directions.

False

Logic modeling graphically represents the processes that capture, manipulate, store, and distribute data between a system and its environment and among components within a system.

False

On a data flow diagram, a check and payment coupon are represented as a data store.

False

On a data flow diagram, a diamond represents a process.

False

On a data flow diagram, an arrow represents an action, such as calculating an employee's pay.

False

One of the primary purposes of a DFD is to represent time, giving a good indication of whether data flows occur constantly in real time, once a day, or once a year.

False

Process modeling for Internet applications is not as important as it is for more traditional systems.

False

Sources and sinks are internal to the system.

False

Structured analysis is the process of discovering discrepancies between two or more sets of data flow diagrams or discrepancies within a single DFD.

False

The calculation of a student's grade is represented on a data flow diagram as a data flow.

False

The decomposition of Process 1.1 is shown on a level-1 diagram.

False

The lowest-level data flow diagrams are called level-0 diagrams.

False

To date, data flow diagrams have not been useful tools for modeling processes in business process reengineering.

False

To keep a data flow diagram uncluttered, you may repeat data stores, sinks/sources, and processes.

False

When constructing data flow diagrams, you should show the interactions that occur between sources and sinks.

False

______________is a repetitive process of breaking the description or perspective of a system down into finer and finer detail.

Functional decomposition

___________________ is the process of discovering discrepancies between two or more sets of data flow diagrams or discrepancies within a single DFD.

Gap analysis

When comparing Oracle's process models with data flow diagrams, which of the following is a true statement?

Oracle's process models can be animated with time parameters.

_______ is the origin and/or destination of data.

Source/sink

A Web site's customer is represented as a source on a data flow diagram.

True

A composite data flow on one level can be split into component data flows at the next level, but no new data can be added and all data in the composite must be accounted for in one or more subflows.

True

A context diagram shows the scope of the organizational system, system boundaries, external entities that interact with the system, and major information flows between entities and the system.

True

A course schedule request is represented on a data flow diagram as a data flow.

True

A data flow diagram is a graphical tool that allows analysts to illustrate the flow of data in an information system.

True

A data flow repository entry would include the composition or list of data elements contained in the data flow.

True

A data flow represents data in motion, moving from one place in the system to another.

True

A data flow to a data store means update.

True

A fork in a data flow means that exactly the same data go from a common location to two or more different processes, data stores, or sources/sinks.

True

A functional hierarchy diagram is a picture of the various tasks performed in a business and how they are related to each other.

True

A gross violation of DFD consistency would be a level-1 diagram with no level-0 diagram.

True

A level-0 diagram is a data flow diagram that represents a system's major processes, data flows, and data stores at a high level of detail.

True

A process has a verb phrase label.

True

As a rule of thumb, no data flow diagram should have more than about seven processes on it, because the diagram would be too crowded and difficult to understand.

True

Assume we have placed a data store between Process 5.1 and Process 5.5; we would say that these processes are decoupled.

True

Assume your local veterinarian records information about each of his patients on patient medical history forms; the collection of medial history forms is represented on a data flow diagram as a data store.

True

Because data flow names represent a specific set of data, another data flow that has even one more or one less piece of data must be given a different, unique name.

True

Because the system's data stores are conceptually inside one process, no data stores appear on a context diagram.

True

Completeness, consistency, timing, iterative development, and primitive DFDs are guidelines for drawing DFDs.

True

Data cannot move directly from a source to a sink.

True

Data flow diagramming is one of several structured analysis techniques used to increase software development productivity.

True

Data flow diagrams evolve from the more general to the more detailed as current and replacement systems are better understood.

True

Functional decomposition is a repetitive process of breaking the description or perspective of a system down into finer and finer detail.

True

More than one data flow noun phrase can appear on a single arrow as long as all of the flows on the same arrow move together as one package.

True

On a data flow diagram in the DeMarco and Yourdon model, two parallel lines represent a data store.

True

The data a sink receives and often what data a source provides are fixed.

True

The decomposition of Process 2.4.3.4 is shown on a level-4 diagram.

True

The determination of which items are low in stock is represented on a data flow diagram as a process.

True

Referencing functional hierarchy diagrams, which of the following indicates that a display can be expanded?

a black plus sign in a red circle

Which of the following is a true statement regarding sources/sinks?

all of the above

If an input from a source appears at level-0, it must:

appear on the context diagram

An __________ represents a data flow.

arrow

If a data flow appears on the context diagram and is also represented at level-0, this would be referred to as:

balancing

The conservation of inputs and outputs to a data flow diagram process when that process is decomposed to a lower level defines:

balancing

If two processes are connected by a data flow, they are said to:

be coupled to each other

On a data flow diagram, you may:

both a and b

In the DeMarco and Yourdon model, the symbol for a process is a _____.

circle

If your DFD contains data flows that do not lead anywhere, it is not:

complete

The five guidelines for drawing DFDs include ____________________________________________________________________________.

completeness, consistency, timing considerations, the iterative nature of drawing DFDs, and drawing primitive DFDs.

A _____________ is a data flow diagram of the scope of an organizational system that shows the system boundaries, external entities that interact with a system, and the major information flows between entities and the system.

context diagram

The diagram that shows the scope of the system, indicating what elements are inside and which are outside the system, is called a:

context diagram

Data flow diagrams that specify what people and technologies are used in which processes to move and transform data, accepting inputs and producing outputs are referred to as:

current physical data flow diagrams

An arrow on a data flow diagram represents a:

data flow

Data in motion, moving from one place in a system to another, defines:

data flow

Student data contained on an enrollment form is represented on a data flow diagram as a:

data flow

___________________ is a graphic that illustrates the movement of data between external entities and the processes and data stores within a system.

data flow diagram

A __________________ represents data at rest, which may take the form of many different physical representations.

data store

A computer-based file containing employee information is represented on a data flow diagram as a:

data store

A file folder containing orders is represented on a data flow diagram as a:

data store

Data at rest, which may take the form of many different physical representations, defines:

data store

In the Gane and Sarson model, a rectangle that is missing its right vertical sides on a data flow diagram represents a:

data store

On a data flow diagram, supplier information kept in a notebook is represented as a ___________.

data store

By placing a data store between two processes, this:

decouples the processes

The extent to which information contained on one level of a set of nested data flow diagrams is also included on other levels refers to:

dfd consistency

The act of going from a single system to several component processes refers to:

functional decomposition

A __________________________________ is a picture of the various tasks performed in a business and how they are related to each other; these tasks are broken down into their various parts, and all the parts are shown in the same representation.

functional hierarchy diagram

Which of the following is best described as a picture of the various tasks performed in a business and how there are related to each other, breaking the tasks into their various parts, and all the parts are shown in the same representation?

functional hierarchy diagram

The process in analysis in which the analyst tries to discover discrepancies between two or more sets of data flow diagrams, representing two or more states of an information system, or discrepancies within a single DFD, is referred to as:

gap analysis

A black hole is one that:

has only inputs

A miracle process is one that:

has only outputs

The new logical model will differ from the current logical model by:

having additional functions, removing obsolete functions, and reorganizing inefficient flows

A ________________ is a data flow diagram that represents a system's major processes, data flows, and data stores at a high level of detail.

level-0 diagram

A data flow diagram that represents a system's major processes, data flows, and data stores at a high level of detail refers to:

level-0 diagram

A DFD that is a result of three nested decompositions of a series of sub-processes from a process on a level-0 diagram defines a:

level-3 diagram

A ___________ is a DFD that is the result of n nested decomposition of a series of subprocesses from a process on a level-0 diagram.

level-n diagram

Which of the following is considered when diagramming?

none of the above

A _________________ is the lowest level of decomposition for a data flow diagram.

primitive DFD

The lowest level of DFDs is called:

primitive data flow diagrams

When you believe that you have shown each business form or transaction, computer screen, and report as a single data flow, you have probably reached the:

primitive data flow diagrams

The lowest level of decomposition for a data flow diagram is called the:

primitive diagram

Calculating an employee's salary is represented on a data flow diagram as a:

process

Determining an employee's schedule is an example of a ________.

process

In the Gane and Sarson model, a rectangle with rounded corners on a data flow diagram represents a:

process

Recording a customer's payment is represented on a data flow diagram as a:

process

The work or actions performed on data so that they are transformed, stored, or distributed defines:

process

Graphically representing the functions, or processes, which capture, manipulate, store, and distribute data between a system and its environment and between components within a system refers to:

process modeling

__________________ graphically represents the processes that capture, manipulate, store, and distribute data between a system and its environment and among components within a system.

process modeling

Data flow diagrams that concentrate on the movement of data between processes are referred to as:

process models

___________ are the works or actions performed on data so that they are transformed, stored, or distributed.

processes

A supplier of auto parts to our company is represented on a data flow diagram as a:

source

A square on a data flow diagram represents a:

source/sink

The origin and/or destination of data, sometimes referred to as external entities defines:

source/sink

The symbol for sources/sinks is a ______.

square

Which of the following is not one of the primary deliverables resulting from studying and documenting a system's processes?

state-transition diagram

In the DeMarco and Yourdon model, the symbol for a data store is ___________.

two parallel lines.

Which of the following is not one of the four types of data flow diagrams?

updated physical

Having a level-1 diagram with no level-0 diagram is an example of a:

violation of consistency

The deliverables of process modeling state:

what you learned during requirements determination