Chapter 7
Which of the following is not a true statement regarding data flows?
A data flow can go directly back to the same process it leaves.
Which of the following is a true statement regarding a data store?
A data store has a noun phrase label.
Which of the following is a true statement regarding data flows?
A join in a data flow means that exactly the same data comes from any of two or more different processes, data stores, or sources/sinks to a common location.
______________ is the conservation of inputs and outputs to a data flow diagram process when that process is decomposed to a lower level.
Balancing
Which of the following is not an advanced rule governing data flow diagramming?
Composite data flows on one level cannot be split into component data flows at the next level.
If your DFD contains data flows that do not lead anywhere, then your DFD violates the _______________ guideline.
DFD completeness
The extent to which all necessary components of a data flow diagram have been included and fully described refers to:
DFD completeness
________________ is the extent to which all necessary components of a data flow diagram have been included and fully described.
DFD completeness
If a data flow appears on a higher level DFD but not on lower levels, this situation violates the _______________________________ guideline.
DFD consistency
___________________ is the extent to which information contained on one level of a set of nested data flow diagrams is also included on other levels.
DFD consistency
________________________________________________________________________________________are three types of process modeling.
Data flow diagramming, process modeler, and functional hierarchy modeling
A data flow can go directly back to the same process it leaves.
False
A primitive level data flow diagram is the first deliverable produced during requirements structuring.
False
Assume Process 7.4 produces a data flow and that Process 7.2 must be ready to accept it; we would say that these processes are physically linked to each other.
False
Assume shipment data is entered into a logbook once shipments are received at the company's warehouse; the logbook is represented on a data flow diagram as a sink.
False
Context diagrams have only one process labeled "P-1."
False
Coupling is the conservation of inputs and outputs to a data flow diagram process when that process is decomposed to a lower level.
False
DFD cohesion means your DFDs include all of the necessary components for the system you are modeling.
False
Double-ended arrows are used to represent data flowing in both directions.
False
Logic modeling graphically represents the processes that capture, manipulate, store, and distribute data between a system and its environment and among components within a system.
False
On a data flow diagram, a check and payment coupon are represented as a data store.
False
On a data flow diagram, a diamond represents a process.
False
On a data flow diagram, an arrow represents an action, such as calculating an employee's pay.
False
One of the primary purposes of a DFD is to represent time, giving a good indication of whether data flows occur constantly in real time, once a day, or once a year.
False
Process modeling for Internet applications is not as important as it is for more traditional systems.
False
Sources and sinks are internal to the system.
False
Structured analysis is the process of discovering discrepancies between two or more sets of data flow diagrams or discrepancies within a single DFD.
False
The calculation of a student's grade is represented on a data flow diagram as a data flow.
False
The decomposition of Process 1.1 is shown on a level-1 diagram.
False
The lowest-level data flow diagrams are called level-0 diagrams.
False
To date, data flow diagrams have not been useful tools for modeling processes in business process reengineering.
False
To keep a data flow diagram uncluttered, you may repeat data stores, sinks/sources, and processes.
False
When constructing data flow diagrams, you should show the interactions that occur between sources and sinks.
False
______________is a repetitive process of breaking the description or perspective of a system down into finer and finer detail.
Functional decomposition
___________________ is the process of discovering discrepancies between two or more sets of data flow diagrams or discrepancies within a single DFD.
Gap analysis
When comparing Oracle's process models with data flow diagrams, which of the following is a true statement?
Oracle's process models can be animated with time parameters.
_______ is the origin and/or destination of data.
Source/sink
A Web site's customer is represented as a source on a data flow diagram.
True
A composite data flow on one level can be split into component data flows at the next level, but no new data can be added and all data in the composite must be accounted for in one or more subflows.
True
A context diagram shows the scope of the organizational system, system boundaries, external entities that interact with the system, and major information flows between entities and the system.
True
A course schedule request is represented on a data flow diagram as a data flow.
True
A data flow diagram is a graphical tool that allows analysts to illustrate the flow of data in an information system.
True
A data flow repository entry would include the composition or list of data elements contained in the data flow.
True
A data flow represents data in motion, moving from one place in the system to another.
True
A data flow to a data store means update.
True
A fork in a data flow means that exactly the same data go from a common location to two or more different processes, data stores, or sources/sinks.
True
A functional hierarchy diagram is a picture of the various tasks performed in a business and how they are related to each other.
True
A gross violation of DFD consistency would be a level-1 diagram with no level-0 diagram.
True
A level-0 diagram is a data flow diagram that represents a system's major processes, data flows, and data stores at a high level of detail.
True
A process has a verb phrase label.
True
As a rule of thumb, no data flow diagram should have more than about seven processes on it, because the diagram would be too crowded and difficult to understand.
True
Assume we have placed a data store between Process 5.1 and Process 5.5; we would say that these processes are decoupled.
True
Assume your local veterinarian records information about each of his patients on patient medical history forms; the collection of medial history forms is represented on a data flow diagram as a data store.
True
Because data flow names represent a specific set of data, another data flow that has even one more or one less piece of data must be given a different, unique name.
True
Because the system's data stores are conceptually inside one process, no data stores appear on a context diagram.
True
Completeness, consistency, timing, iterative development, and primitive DFDs are guidelines for drawing DFDs.
True
Data cannot move directly from a source to a sink.
True
Data flow diagramming is one of several structured analysis techniques used to increase software development productivity.
True
Data flow diagrams evolve from the more general to the more detailed as current and replacement systems are better understood.
True
Functional decomposition is a repetitive process of breaking the description or perspective of a system down into finer and finer detail.
True
More than one data flow noun phrase can appear on a single arrow as long as all of the flows on the same arrow move together as one package.
True
On a data flow diagram in the DeMarco and Yourdon model, two parallel lines represent a data store.
True
The data a sink receives and often what data a source provides are fixed.
True
The decomposition of Process 2.4.3.4 is shown on a level-4 diagram.
True
The determination of which items are low in stock is represented on a data flow diagram as a process.
True
Referencing functional hierarchy diagrams, which of the following indicates that a display can be expanded?
a black plus sign in a red circle
Which of the following is a true statement regarding sources/sinks?
all of the above
If an input from a source appears at level-0, it must:
appear on the context diagram
An __________ represents a data flow.
arrow
If a data flow appears on the context diagram and is also represented at level-0, this would be referred to as:
balancing
The conservation of inputs and outputs to a data flow diagram process when that process is decomposed to a lower level defines:
balancing
If two processes are connected by a data flow, they are said to:
be coupled to each other
On a data flow diagram, you may:
both a and b
In the DeMarco and Yourdon model, the symbol for a process is a _____.
circle
If your DFD contains data flows that do not lead anywhere, it is not:
complete
The five guidelines for drawing DFDs include ____________________________________________________________________________.
completeness, consistency, timing considerations, the iterative nature of drawing DFDs, and drawing primitive DFDs.
A _____________ is a data flow diagram of the scope of an organizational system that shows the system boundaries, external entities that interact with a system, and the major information flows between entities and the system.
context diagram
The diagram that shows the scope of the system, indicating what elements are inside and which are outside the system, is called a:
context diagram
Data flow diagrams that specify what people and technologies are used in which processes to move and transform data, accepting inputs and producing outputs are referred to as:
current physical data flow diagrams
An arrow on a data flow diagram represents a:
data flow
Data in motion, moving from one place in a system to another, defines:
data flow
Student data contained on an enrollment form is represented on a data flow diagram as a:
data flow
___________________ is a graphic that illustrates the movement of data between external entities and the processes and data stores within a system.
data flow diagram
A __________________ represents data at rest, which may take the form of many different physical representations.
data store
A computer-based file containing employee information is represented on a data flow diagram as a:
data store
A file folder containing orders is represented on a data flow diagram as a:
data store
Data at rest, which may take the form of many different physical representations, defines:
data store
In the Gane and Sarson model, a rectangle that is missing its right vertical sides on a data flow diagram represents a:
data store
On a data flow diagram, supplier information kept in a notebook is represented as a ___________.
data store
By placing a data store between two processes, this:
decouples the processes
The extent to which information contained on one level of a set of nested data flow diagrams is also included on other levels refers to:
dfd consistency
The act of going from a single system to several component processes refers to:
functional decomposition
A __________________________________ is a picture of the various tasks performed in a business and how they are related to each other; these tasks are broken down into their various parts, and all the parts are shown in the same representation.
functional hierarchy diagram
Which of the following is best described as a picture of the various tasks performed in a business and how there are related to each other, breaking the tasks into their various parts, and all the parts are shown in the same representation?
functional hierarchy diagram
The process in analysis in which the analyst tries to discover discrepancies between two or more sets of data flow diagrams, representing two or more states of an information system, or discrepancies within a single DFD, is referred to as:
gap analysis
A black hole is one that:
has only inputs
A miracle process is one that:
has only outputs
The new logical model will differ from the current logical model by:
having additional functions, removing obsolete functions, and reorganizing inefficient flows
A ________________ is a data flow diagram that represents a system's major processes, data flows, and data stores at a high level of detail.
level-0 diagram
A data flow diagram that represents a system's major processes, data flows, and data stores at a high level of detail refers to:
level-0 diagram
A DFD that is a result of three nested decompositions of a series of sub-processes from a process on a level-0 diagram defines a:
level-3 diagram
A ___________ is a DFD that is the result of n nested decomposition of a series of subprocesses from a process on a level-0 diagram.
level-n diagram
Which of the following is considered when diagramming?
none of the above
A _________________ is the lowest level of decomposition for a data flow diagram.
primitive DFD
The lowest level of DFDs is called:
primitive data flow diagrams
When you believe that you have shown each business form or transaction, computer screen, and report as a single data flow, you have probably reached the:
primitive data flow diagrams
The lowest level of decomposition for a data flow diagram is called the:
primitive diagram
Calculating an employee's salary is represented on a data flow diagram as a:
process
Determining an employee's schedule is an example of a ________.
process
In the Gane and Sarson model, a rectangle with rounded corners on a data flow diagram represents a:
process
Recording a customer's payment is represented on a data flow diagram as a:
process
The work or actions performed on data so that they are transformed, stored, or distributed defines:
process
Graphically representing the functions, or processes, which capture, manipulate, store, and distribute data between a system and its environment and between components within a system refers to:
process modeling
__________________ graphically represents the processes that capture, manipulate, store, and distribute data between a system and its environment and among components within a system.
process modeling
Data flow diagrams that concentrate on the movement of data between processes are referred to as:
process models
___________ are the works or actions performed on data so that they are transformed, stored, or distributed.
processes
A supplier of auto parts to our company is represented on a data flow diagram as a:
source
A square on a data flow diagram represents a:
source/sink
The origin and/or destination of data, sometimes referred to as external entities defines:
source/sink
The symbol for sources/sinks is a ______.
square
Which of the following is not one of the primary deliverables resulting from studying and documenting a system's processes?
state-transition diagram
In the DeMarco and Yourdon model, the symbol for a data store is ___________.
two parallel lines.
Which of the following is not one of the four types of data flow diagrams?
updated physical
Having a level-1 diagram with no level-0 diagram is an example of a:
violation of consistency
The deliverables of process modeling state:
what you learned during requirements determination