Chapter 7 - Facial Bones

Zygomatic bone (2) (Facial bones)

Irregularly shaped bones, commonly called cheekbones and are part of the inferolateral margins of the orbits. They articulate with the zygomatic process of the temporal bones posteriorly and with the zygomatic processes of the maxillae anteriorly.

Palatine process of maxilla (Maxilla)

It projects posteriorly from the alveolar processes and fuse medially at the intermaxillary suture, forming the anterior tow-thirds of the hard palate, or bony roof of the mouth.

Infraorbital foramena (Maxilla)

Just below the eye socket on each side that allows the infraorbital nerve (continuation of the maxillary nerve) and artery to reach the face.

Palatine bone (2) (Facial bones)

L-shaped bones fachined from two bony plates, the horizontal and perpendicular and has 3 important articular processes: the pyramidal, sphenoidal, and orbital.

Mandibular foramina (Mandible)

Large, on the medial surface of each ramus, permit the nerves responsible for tooth sensations to pass to the teeth in the lower jaw.

Mental foramen (Mandible)

Openings on the lateral aspects of mandibular body, allow food vessels and nerves to pass to the skin a\of the chin and lower lip.

Vomer (Facial bones)

Slender, plow-shaped bone lies in the nasal cavity, where it forms part of the nasal septum.

Coronoid process (Mandible)

The anterior "crown-shaped" structure is an insertion point for the large temporalis muscle that elevates the lower jaw during chewing.

Maxillary sinus (Maxilla)

The region that flank the nasal cavity laterally contain this structure.The largest of the paranasal sinuses. They extend from the orbits to the roots of the upper teeth.

Maxilla (4)

These bones are fused medially. They form the upper jaw and the central portion of the facial skeleton. All facial bones are articulate with this structure except the mandible. This is considered the keysonte bones of the facial skeleton.

Alveoli & Alveolar margins (Maxilla)

They carry the upper teeth.

Nasal bone (2) (Facial bones)

Thin, basically rectangular and are fused medially, forming the bridge of the nose. They articulate with the frontal bone superiorly, the maxillary bones laterally, and the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone posteriorly. Inferiorly they attach to the cartilages that form most of the skeleton of the external nose.

Inferior nasal conchea (2) (Facial bones)

This pair are thin, corved bones that project medially from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity just inferior to the middle nasal conchae of the ethmoid bone. They form part of the lateral walls of the nasal cavity. The larges of the three pairs.

Mandible (Facial bones)

U-shaped or lower jawbone. It is the largest-strongest bone of the face. It forms the chin, and two upright rami (branches) that meets the body posteriorly at a mandibular angle.

Zygomatic arch (Facial bones)

Zygomatic process of the temporal bones.

Facial Skeleton (10)

is made up of 14 bones, of which only the mandible and the vomer are unpaired. Men's is more elongated than that of women.

Mandibular ramus, angle, and notch (Mandible)

(16) Ramus, arm like. (15) Angle, triangle like, (10) notch: At the superior margin of each ramus are two processes separated by this.

Body (mandible)

Anchors the lower teeth.

Condylar/condaloid process (Mandible)

Articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone, forming the temporomandibular joint on the same side.

Orbits (Facial bones)

Cone-shaped cavities in which the eyes are firmly encased and cushioned by fatty tissue.The walls of each orbit are formed by by The frontal, sphenoid, zygomatic, maxilla, palatine, lacrimal, and ethmoid bones.

Lacrimal bone (2) (Facial bones)

Delicate, fingernail-shaped contribute to the medila walls of each orbit. Each contains a deep groove that helps form a lacrimal fossa that houses a lacrimal sac, part of the passageway that allows tears to drain from the eye surface into the nasal cavity.

Angle (mandible)

Each ramus meets the body posteriorly at this point.

Alveoli & alveolar margins (mandible)

The madibular body anchors the lower teeth. Its superior border contains the sockets (dental alveoli) in which teeth are embedded.