CHAPTER 7

The two primary curves of the adult vertebral column are

Cervical and sacral curves

What is inflammation of one or more costal cartilage called

Costochondritis

Which cranial bone is anterior to the sphenoid bone and posterior to the nasal bones and contains foramina for the olfactory cranial nerve?

Ethmoid

Which cranial or facial bone has the cribriform plate, a porous structure through which the olfactory nerves pass into the nasal cavity ?

Ethmoid

T/F Arthritis of the vertebral column is rare, as articular surfaces between vertebrae dont lose their articular cartilages (which protect articular surfaces).

FALSE

T/F Eight separate bones of the skull unite to form the orbit of the eyes.

FALSE

T/F Fontanels are areas of dense connective tissue where bones of the skull are not completely ossified. This is a dangerous and abnormal condition in newborn infants.

FALSE

T/F The position of an epicondyle in relation to the condyle is that the epicondyle would be inferior to the condyle.

FALSE

T/F The term thorax includes the chest and upper limbs of the body.

FALSE

T/F The three components of the nasal septum are the middle nasal conchae, the vomer, and the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid.

FALSE

Which gender shows the coccyx pointed inferiorly

Females

Which type of bone is the occipital bone?

Flat bone

What is NOT a characteristic of fontanels?

Fontanels are important areas were oxygen can pass through to the developing brain in infancy

A rounded articular projection supported on a constricted portion (neck) of bone is called a

Head

Which condition is the protrusion of the nucleus pulposus posteriorly or into one of the adjacent vertebral bodies in the vertebral column?

Herniated disc

Which is NOT correct about the hyoid bone?

It articulates with the temporal bone

Which condition is characterized by an increase in the thoracic curve of the vertebral column?

Kyphosis

Which of the vertebra would be the largest and strongest vertebra in adult humans

L4

Which bone contains a sac that collects tears and passes them into the nasal cavity?

Lacrimal

Which list only contains facial bones?

Lacrimal bones, zygomatic bones, mandible, palatine bones

Which condition is characterized by an increase or exaggeration of the lumbar curve of the vertebral column?

Lordosis

Name a single unpaired bone in the human skull?

Mandible

Which facial bone articulates with the teeth

Maxillae

What bone marking found on the second cervical vertebra projects superiorly into the anterior portion of the vertebral foramen of the atlas?

Odontoid Process

The branch of medicine that deals with correction of disorders of the musculoskeletal system is called

Orthopedics

What are the correct structural elements of the thoracic cage?

Ribs, sternum, costal cartilages, and thoracic vertebra

Which condition is characterized by a lateral bending of the vertebral column in the thoracic region?

Scoliosis

Sella Turcica is a bony depression found in what cranial bone?

Sphenoid

The pituitary gland is contained in a depression found in this cranial bone:

Sphenoid

Which cranial bone is called the "keystone" of the cranial floor because it articulates with every other cranial bone?

Sphenoid

The sella turcica is a feature of which bone? It also has a depression that provides a bony enclosure for the pituitary gland.

Sphenoid bone

Which bone articulates with all other cranial bones and provides stability to the cranial floor?

Sphenoid bone

The hyoid bone is suspended by ligaments and muscle that extend from the _________ of the temporal bone.

Styloid process

T/F Paranasal sinuses are very small or even absent at birth, but develop when teeth erupt from the gums during puberty, the two periods of facial enlargment.

TRUE

T/F Stenosis of the vertebral column occurs when bony growths cause a narrowing of the vertebral canal, resulting in pressure and pain on spinal nerves, and a possible decrease in function of the muscles and lower limbs.

TRUE

T/F The function of the nasal conchae is to provide a greater surface area for blood vessels and mucous membranes in the nasal cavity

TRUE

T/F The hyoid bone does not directly articulate with any other bones.

TRUE

Which cranial bones contain the organs of hearing and balance, and articulate with the mandible

Temporal

Which cranial bones form the inferior lateral aspects of the cranium and part of the cranial floor

Temporal

Which bones form the zygomatic arch?

Temporal and zygomatic

Which of the following statements is NOT true? a)The axial skeleton has 80 bones b)The appendicular skeleton has 126 bones c)The axial skeleton is composed of the bones that run through the axis of the body d)Children have more bones than adults e)The appendicular skeleton does not include the pelvic and pectoral girdles.

The appendicular skeleton does not include the pelvic and pectoral girdles

An opening or hole in a bone through which blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass is called a

foramen

As the spinal cord exits the cranium, it passes through a large opening in the occipital bone called the___________.

foramen magnum

Which of the following is NOT a hole or other kind of opening through a bone? -fossa -foramen -meatus -fissure

fossa

Which paired facial bone articulates with every other facial bone, except the mandible?

maxillae

Which bone includes an opening for the ear canal and articulates with the mandible?

temporal bone

With which paired bones of the skull does the mandible articulate with ?

temporal bones

What is the purpose of the nucleus pulposus region of intervertebral discs

to help absorb vertical shock to the spinal column

Bones in the following area protect the brain

cranium

The tubercle found on the neck of a rib articulates with a facet found on the

Transverse process of thoracic vertebra

What are the three components of the nasal septum

Vomer, Septal cartilage, and perpendicular plate of ethmoid

A bone feature called a tubercle would be which kind of bone structure?

a knob

A prominent ridge or elongated projection on a bone is called a

crest

The largest fontanel of an infants skull is the anterior fontanel. It usually closes at what time after birth?

18-24 months

Which statement is true about the vertebral column -an adult has fewer vertebra than a child -thoracic and sacral curves are primary curves -lumbar and cervical curves are secondary and develop after birth -the sacrum and coccyx are made of individual vertebrae that later fuse

all are correct