chapter 7

A teacher is monitoring students' behavior as they work in cooperative groups. The teacher is trying to decide whether the rules for working in groups need to be reinforced. Which areas is the teacher assessing? Select all options that apply. a. Attitudes b. Knowledge c. Skills d. Thinking e. Aptitudes

a. Attitudes c. Skills

Which characteristics differentiate formative and summative assessments? Select all options that apply. a. Formative assessments are for learning, summative assessments are of learning. b. Formative assessments occur during learning, summative assessments occur after learning. c. Formative assessments provide feedback, summative assessments do not. d. Formative assessments are evaluative, summative assessments are not. e. Formative assessments gauge growth, summative assessments measure achievement.

a. Formative assessments are for learning, summative assessments are of learning. b. Formative assessments occur during learning, summative assessments occur after learning.

Why are the textbook's authors against the use of assessments for classroom control and punishment? Select all options that apply. a. Students can lose respect for their teacher. b. A student's academic well-being can be damaged. c. Students receive mixed messages about the purpose of assessments. d. A false measure of a student's performance is provided. e. The teacher may find it more challenging to gain classroom control.

a. Students can lose respect for their teacher. b. A student's academic well-being can be damaged. c. Students receive mixed messages about the purpose of assessments.

Which conditions need to be present in order for students to achieve the full benefit of formative feedback? Select all options that apply. a. Students monitor their own learning. b. The teacher provides immediate feedback to the students. c. Students use a variety of learning strategies. d. Students revise their work based on self-assessments. e. The teacher and students share the same understanding of a lesson's goal.

a. Students monitor their own learning. c. Students use a variety of learning strategies. d. Students revise their work based on self-assessments. e. The teacher and students share the same understanding of a lesson's goal.

A teacher spent the weekend reading and scoring essay tests. In the wee hours of Monday morning, the teacher was reading the last set of three extended-response items. The student had demonstrated an in-depth understanding of the content and concepts in the first two responses. With drooping eyes, the teacher skimmed the last response and gave the test the highest grade. What assessment error did the teacher demonstrate? a. The teacher determined the final grade based on the halo effect. b. The teacher lacked reliability due to impaired attention. c. The teacher used holistic scoring to evaluate all responses instead of each response. d. The teacher used analytic scoring rather than holistic scoring.

a. The teacher determined the final grade based on the halo effect.

What are the main purposes of a formative assessment? Select all options that apply. a. To ensure the curriculum is appropriate b. To identify what students need to learn in a specific subject c. To determine students' knowledge prior to a lesson d. To verify that learning is occurring e. To provide students with feedback about their learning

a. To ensure the curriculum is appropriate d. To verify that learning is occurring e. To provide students with feedback about their learning

A student portfolio is often a better indicator of student achievement than a multiple-choice test. a. True b. False

a. True

Alexis is a highly motivated and high-achieving ninth-grader. She is preparing for a student-led conference in which she will discuss her performance in an "introduction to engineering design" class. She has received top scores on all tests and projects, but is frustrated because she feels the coursework is not challenging. Which of the following is most likely to be the focus of the conference? a. Ways she can enhance her future learning b. Ways in which she demonstrated her learning c. A display of her performance portfolio d. Her performance on projects and tests

a. Ways she can enhance her future learning

An assessment that has reliability: a. produces consistent test results. b. measures what it is intended to measure. c. is free of all types of bias. d. relates to a specific task or content.

a. produces consistent test results.

Identical assessments can usually be used to measure the progress of all students in a classroom, including those with special needs. a. True b. False

b. False

The primary purpose of assessments is to rank student scores and achievements. a. True b. False

b. False

Which actions have high potential for helping low-achieving students? Select all options that apply. a. Having students grade their own performance b. Helping students develop representations of standards c. Providing clear goals and standards d. Providing formative feedback to students e. Having students determine standards and goals

b. Helping students develop representations of standards c. Providing clear goals and standards d. Providing formative feedback to students

Which is an advantage of using a letter grade for summative assessments? a. Letter grades are stronger motivators than periodic reports. b. Letter grades provide a means of comparing and ranking students. c. Letter grades provide clear and comprehensive information about student achievement. d. Letter grades give teachers and parents a common terminology for discussing student performance.

b. Letter grades provide a means of comparing and ranking students.

A social studies teacher used an inductive strategy to teach concepts about the Gulf War. The teacher's self-created test included a short-answer section on image analysis, a multiple-choice section on key concepts, a matching section on dates and key events, and an essay on the causes and effects of the war. Students did well on the test, except for one section. Which section did students most likely do poorly on? a. Key concepts b. Image analysis c. Dates and key events d. Causes and effects of the war

c. Dates and key events

What is one reason that many teachers create their own tests rather than use the ones provided with a textbook? a. The teachers can create tests with greater reliability and validity. b. The teachers can teach to the test. c. Teachers have greater control over test security issues. d. Teachers want to test what they taught.

d. Teachers want to test what they taught.