chapter 7 questions

At what age can babies only discriminate among those phonemes that are used in the language(s) in their environments?

12 months old

What should be changed to make the following sentence true "Arthur Jensen theorized that Level I intelligence is responsible for conceptual and analytical abilities while Level II intelligence is responsible for rote memorization."

The placement of the phrases "Level I" and "Level II" should be switched.

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "A prototype is a category or grouping of linguistic information, objects, ideas, or life experiences."

The word "prototype" should be changed to the word "concept."

The analytical intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence is demonstrated by the ability to ________.

analyze, evaluate, judge, compare, and contrast

Why are event schemata difficult to change? They are ________.

automatic

Lauren is gifted in the area of body movement. Her ability to balance and coordinate her body's movement enables her to do well in basketball, baseball, and field hockey. Which area of intelligence does this exemplify?

bodily kinesthetic

________ are categories or groupings of linguistic information, images, ideas, or memories, such as life experiences.

concepts

Not all aspects of cognition are ________.

consciously experienced

Which concept is a type of mental set where you cannot perceive an object being used for something other than what it was designed for?

functional fixedness

The fact that English grammar dictates that most verbs end in-ed to indicate past tense is an example of the ________ component of language.

grammar

Scientists who study cognition are searching for ways to understand how we ________, organize, and utilize our conscious cognitive experiences without being aware of all of the unconscious work that our brains are doing.

integrate

Jake is sympathetic and considerate of his friends' moods. He really identifies with their feelings and readily understands their point of view. He is well-known around campus, and he has great relationships with his classmates and professors. Which area of intelligence does this exemplify?

interpersonal

In Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory, ________ intelligence and ________ intelligence are often combined into a single type: emotional intelligence.

interpersonal; intrapersonal

The following sentence misuses the word accept: "I'll take all the cupcakes accept the one with cream cheese icing." Which part of language involves knowing the proper use of the word accept?

lexicon

Gonzalo is attempting to open his car door using the auto lock button on his keychain. He pushes the button twice, but his car door does not open. He continues to push the button even though it is likely that the auto lock feature has stopped working, and he will need to open the door manually with his key. This illustrates a ________.

mental set

Knowing what a rainbow looks like because you have seen a rainbow is an example of a ________ concept.

natural

In psychology, concepts can be divided into two categories: ________ and ________.

natural; artificial

Samara meets a nurse. She immediately assumes he is able to help care for sick people, works long hours, and dispenses advice about illness because her ________ schema suggests that nurses behave this way.

role

Which of the following is key to generating a bell curve?

sample size

Which term refers to the process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words?

semantics

Mel is an adult who can take care of his basic needs, but he requires oversight while he paints and someone to check on his living conditions daily. Which subtype of intellectual disability describes Mel?

severe

Which of the following is not one of the conditions that leads to the impulse to use heuristics?

the decision to be made is important

Sensations and information are received by our brains, filtered through emotions and memories, and processed to become ________.

thoughts

Which of the following statements about Charles Spearman is false?

He divided intelligence into two components: crystallized intelligence and fluid intelligence.

Who developed the triarchic theory of intelligence?

Robert Sternberg

A(an) ________ schema is also known as a cognitive script.

event