CHAPTER 8

. The phrase "human development" refers to all of the following EXCEPT: a. increase in height. b. growth of intellectual ability. c. increased number of social skills. d. ability to cope with increasingly complex situations.

A

During prenatal development, when does the heart start to beat? a. Within the first month b. By two months c. By three months d. By four months

A

Which of the following is accurate about the young adulthood stage of development? a. It includes the 30s and 40s. b. Motor sensory skills peak and start to decline. c. Problem-solving skills begin to decline. d. Creativity is minimal.

A

Which of the following theorists address children only? a. Jean Piaget b. Erik Erikson c. Carol Gilligan d. Lawrence Kohlberg

A

26. Develop a sense of personal identity and a sense of self. 33. Maturation of reproductive system

ADOLESCENCE

23. Become involved in the community and make contributions of value. 37. Chronic illnesses most likely to begin to appear

Middle adulthood

34. Determination of gender and physical characteristics

PRENATAL

29. Initiate and be rewarded by learning experiences. 38. Able to take care of one's own physical needs, such as dressing oneself

Preschooler

28. Experience pleasure from personal accomplishments. 30. Development of good coordination

School-age child

13. Erikson's stages of psychosocial development are based on the theory that: a. social development cannot take place without corresponding physical growth. b. life consists of conflicts that must be resolved for development to occur. c. all individuals have the same experiences at specific ages. d. the behavior expected of an earlier stage is never repeated.

B

20. According to Dr. William H. Thomas, which stage has the most emphasis on "doing"? a. Adolescent b. Adult c. Senescence d. Elderhood

B

An important task of the health care professional who provides care to dying patients is to: a. avoid discussing difficult or painful subjects. b. act as if the patients are expected to recover. c. be willing to listen to stories about their lives. d. avoid bothering them by waiting until they initiate communication.

C

Which of the following birth years are defined as baby boomers? a. 1935-1946 b. 1944-1952 c. 1946-1964 d. 1961-1970

C

Which of the following statements is true about Dr. William H. Thomas's work? a. He breaks the life spans into seven groups. b. Each of his defined life span groups have specific ages assigned to them. c. He identifies a cyclic nature to the aging process. d. He defines senescence as the purest example of being.

C

Thought, awareness, and the ability to comprehend meaning are referred to as ____ abilities. a. psychological b. psychosocial c. developmental d. cognitive

D

What age span is considered middle adulthood? a. 20s and 30s b. 30s and 40s c. 45 to 55 d. 40 to 65

D

10. According to Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, when a person turns 65 years old they have completed all the stages.

FALSE

2. Memory and the ability to solve problems start to decline at about age 30.

FALSE

3. It is best to avoid discussing the subject of death with patients who are suffering from terminal diseases.

FALSE

6. Later adulthood is a very homogeneous (similar) group.

FALSE

9. According to Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, the toddler is in the industry vs. inferiority stage.

FALSE

25. Experience a sense of satisfaction from life's events. 31. Marked decrease in strength and sensory abilities

Later adulthood

22. Learn to trust others 32. Weight triples or quadruples.

INFANCY

24. Develop confidence in ability to care for oneself. 35. Great physical activity directed toward new experiences

TODDLER

1. Infants who are not touched or hugged fail to develop normally.

TRUE

4. Losses other than death may cause an individual to go through the grieving process.

TRUE

5. Pregnant women should have all medications, including those that are available without a prescription, evaluated by a physician before taking them.

TRUE

7. Infancy stage is usually defined as from birth to 1 year of age.

TRUE

8. According to Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, an adolescent is in the identity vs. role confusion stage.

TRUE

27. Become responsible and make commitments to others. 36. Peak of physical functioning and muscular strength achieved

Young adulthood