chapter 8

____ is a comprehensive and flexible system for achieving, sustaining and maximizing business success.

Six Sigma

Project quality management involves ___ main processes.

three

____ determine(s) if the products or services produced as part of the project will be accepted or rejected.

Acceptance decisions

____ helps integrate traditionally separate organizational functions, set process improvement goals and priorities, provide guidance for quality processes, and provide a point of reference for appraising current processes.

CMMI

In a Pareto chart, the variables described by the histogram are ordered chronologically.

false

____ addresses how well a product or service performs the customers intended use.

performance

____ involves periodically evaluating overall project performance to ensure that the project will satisfy the relevant quality standards.

performing quality assurance

____ involves monitoring specific project results to ensure that they comply with the relevant quality standards while identifying ways to improve overall quality.

performing quality control

____ correct(s) or prevent(s) further quality problems based on quality control measurements

process adjustments

The ____ process is often associated with the technical tools and techniques of quality management such as Pareto charts, quality control charts, and statistical sampling.

quality control

Expectations can vary based on an organizations culture or geographic region.

true

Most people simply accept poor quality from many information technology products.

true

Project managers are ultimately responsible for quality management on their projects.

true

Quality planning implies the ability to anticipate situations and prepare actions that bring about the desired outcome.

true

Testing needs to be done during almost every phase of the systems development life cycle.

true

The majority of people in the United States use the internet.

true

____ addresses the ease of performing maintenance on a product

maintainability

____ is the cost of evaluating processes and their outputs to ensure the ta project is error-free or within an acceptable error range.

appraisal cost

A(n) ____ is any instance where the product or service fails to meet customer requirements.

defect

____ is a cost that relates to all errors not detected and not corrected before delivery to the customer

external failure cost

Integration testing replaces the other forms of testing with a single comprehensive test.

false

Most information technology products can reach 100 percent reliability

false

Quality is a lower priority than project scope, time, and cost.

false

The quality planning process involves taking responsibility for quality throughout the projects life cycle.

false

The main outputs of ____ are quality management plan, quality metrics, quality checklists, a process improvement plan and project document updates.

quality planning

____ is the ability of a product or service to perform as expected under normal conditions.

reliability

____ is action taken to bring rejected items into compliance with product requirements or specifications or other stakeholder expectations.

rework

The ____ states that if seven data points in a row are all below the mean, above the mean, or are all increasing or decreasing, then the process needs to be examined for non-random problems.

seven run rule

If products are accepted, they are considered to be validated deliverables.

true

It is important to clarify what functions and features the system must perform, and what functions and features are optional.

true

Many quality experts believe the main cause of quality problems is the lack of leadership.

true

Minimizing defects does not matter if an organization is making a product that no one wants to buy.

true

Understanding which variables affect outcome is a very important part of quality planning.

true

Using Six Sigma principles is an organization-wide commitment.

true

____ means the projects processes and products meet written specifications.

conformance to requirements

A ____ is a graphic display of data that illustrates the results of a process over time.

control chart

The ____ ultimately decides if quality is acceptable.

customer

When an information system does not function correctly, it is generally a slight inconvenience.

false

continuous quality improvement is not a goal of quality assurance

false

____ are the systems special characteristics that appeal to users.

features

____ is the degree to which a system performs its intended function.

functionality

_____ includes identifying which quality standards are relevant to the project and how to satisfy those standards.

planning quality

____ is an independent test performed by end users prior to accepting the delivered system.

user acceptance testing

____ help(s) you identify the vital few contributors that account for most quality problems in a system.

Pareto charts

____ generates ideas for quality improvements by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products within or outside the performing organization.

benchmarking

Modern quality management requires customer satisfaction, prefers prevention to inspection, and recognizes management responsibility for quality.

true

A(n) ____ is done to test each individual component (often a program) to ensure that it is as defect-free as possible.

unit test