chapter 8
____ is a comprehensive and flexible system for achieving, sustaining and maximizing business success.
Six Sigma
Project quality management involves ___ main processes.
three
____ determine(s) if the products or services produced as part of the project will be accepted or rejected.
Acceptance decisions
____ helps integrate traditionally separate organizational functions, set process improvement goals and priorities, provide guidance for quality processes, and provide a point of reference for appraising current processes.
CMMI
In a Pareto chart, the variables described by the histogram are ordered chronologically.
false
____ addresses how well a product or service performs the customers intended use.
performance
____ involves periodically evaluating overall project performance to ensure that the project will satisfy the relevant quality standards.
performing quality assurance
____ involves monitoring specific project results to ensure that they comply with the relevant quality standards while identifying ways to improve overall quality.
performing quality control
____ correct(s) or prevent(s) further quality problems based on quality control measurements
process adjustments
The ____ process is often associated with the technical tools and techniques of quality management such as Pareto charts, quality control charts, and statistical sampling.
quality control
Expectations can vary based on an organizations culture or geographic region.
true
Most people simply accept poor quality from many information technology products.
true
Project managers are ultimately responsible for quality management on their projects.
true
Quality planning implies the ability to anticipate situations and prepare actions that bring about the desired outcome.
true
Testing needs to be done during almost every phase of the systems development life cycle.
true
The majority of people in the United States use the internet.
true
____ addresses the ease of performing maintenance on a product
maintainability
____ is the cost of evaluating processes and their outputs to ensure the ta project is error-free or within an acceptable error range.
appraisal cost
A(n) ____ is any instance where the product or service fails to meet customer requirements.
defect
____ is a cost that relates to all errors not detected and not corrected before delivery to the customer
external failure cost
Integration testing replaces the other forms of testing with a single comprehensive test.
false
Most information technology products can reach 100 percent reliability
false
Quality is a lower priority than project scope, time, and cost.
false
The quality planning process involves taking responsibility for quality throughout the projects life cycle.
false
The main outputs of ____ are quality management plan, quality metrics, quality checklists, a process improvement plan and project document updates.
quality planning
____ is the ability of a product or service to perform as expected under normal conditions.
reliability
____ is action taken to bring rejected items into compliance with product requirements or specifications or other stakeholder expectations.
rework
The ____ states that if seven data points in a row are all below the mean, above the mean, or are all increasing or decreasing, then the process needs to be examined for non-random problems.
seven run rule
If products are accepted, they are considered to be validated deliverables.
true
It is important to clarify what functions and features the system must perform, and what functions and features are optional.
true
Many quality experts believe the main cause of quality problems is the lack of leadership.
true
Minimizing defects does not matter if an organization is making a product that no one wants to buy.
true
Understanding which variables affect outcome is a very important part of quality planning.
true
Using Six Sigma principles is an organization-wide commitment.
true
____ means the projects processes and products meet written specifications.
conformance to requirements
A ____ is a graphic display of data that illustrates the results of a process over time.
control chart
The ____ ultimately decides if quality is acceptable.
customer
When an information system does not function correctly, it is generally a slight inconvenience.
false
continuous quality improvement is not a goal of quality assurance
false
____ are the systems special characteristics that appeal to users.
features
____ is the degree to which a system performs its intended function.
functionality
_____ includes identifying which quality standards are relevant to the project and how to satisfy those standards.
planning quality
____ is an independent test performed by end users prior to accepting the delivered system.
user acceptance testing
____ help(s) you identify the vital few contributors that account for most quality problems in a system.
Pareto charts
____ generates ideas for quality improvements by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products within or outside the performing organization.
benchmarking
Modern quality management requires customer satisfaction, prefers prevention to inspection, and recognizes management responsibility for quality.
true
A(n) ____ is done to test each individual component (often a program) to ensure that it is as defect-free as possible.
unit test