chapter 8 Groups and Teams

adjoining

tuckman's group development model when members move on to other things

coordinator (task and maintenances roles)

pulls together ideas and suggestions

future focused (high-performing teams)

seeing change as an opportunity for growth

initiator (task and maintenances roles)

suggests new goals or ideas

gatekeeper (maintenance roles)

encourage all group members to participate

research has found most effective size for team

fewer than 10 members

encourager (maintenance roles)

fosters group solidarity by accepting and praising various points of view

informal

group's overriding purpose is friendship

focused on task (high-performing teams)

keeping meeting focused on results

orienter (task and maintenances roles)

keeps group headed toward its stated goals

characters of team

leadership becomes a shared activity) (accountability shifts from strictly individual o both and collective) (the group develops it own purpose or mission) (problem solving becomes a way of life, not a part-time activity) (effectiveness is measured by the group's collective outcomes and products)

harmonizer (maintenance roles)

mediators conflict through reconciliation or humor

energizer (task and maintenances roles)

prods group to move along or to accomplish more

elaborator (task and maintenances roles)

promotes greater understanding through examples or exploration of implications

commentator (maintenance roles)

records and comments on group processes/dynamics

follower (maintenance roles)

serves as a passive audience

shared responsibility (high-performing teams)

establishing and environment in which all team members feel as responsible as the manager for the performance of ht work unit

standard setter (maintenance roles)

evaluates the quality of group processes

interact

a crowd of people on a street corner watching a parade is not a group

trust

a reciprocal belief that another person will consider the effects of his intentions and behaviors on you

creative talents (high-performing teams)

applying individual talent and creativity

information seeker/giver (task and maintenances roles)

clarifies key issues

opinion seeker/giver (task and maintenances roles)

clarifies pertinent values

composition

collection of jobs, personalities, skills, experience, and knowledge of team members

constitutively interacts with team members

communicated effectively) (listened to teammates) (accepted feedback)

high communication (high-performing teams)

creating a climate of trust and open, honest communication

participative leadership (high-performing teams)

creating interdependency by empowering, freeing up, and servin others

aligned on purpose (high-performing teams)

having a sense of common purpose about why the team exist and the function it serves

compromiser (maintenance roles)

helps resolve conflict by meeting others " halfway"

rapid response (high-performing teams)

identifying and acting on opportunities

role

is a set of behaviors for a particular position

role

is a set of expected behaviors for a particular position

team

is a small number of people with complementary skills committed to a common purpose, goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable

recorder (task and maintenances roles)

performs a "group memory" function by document discussion and outcomes

procedural technician (task and maintenances roles)

performs routine duties (hanging out materia o rearranging seats)

performance strategies

plans that outline exactly what the team is to do such as goal setting and defining member roles

group is defined

(common goals and norms) (a shared identity) (two or more freely interacting individuals )

cohesiveness

"we feeling" that binds group members together

virtual team

(a team that works together over time and distance using electronic media to combine effort and achieve goals ) (working across different time zones is among the challenges for member) (teams that are able to leverage knowledge from anywhere in the world at much lower costs)

organizational functions

(accomplish complex, interdependent tasks that are beyond the creative of individuals) (generate new or creative ideas and solutions) (coordinate interdepartmental efforts) (provide a problem-solving mechanism for complex problem requiring varied information and assessments) (implement complex decisions) (socialize and train newcomers)

norm

(an attitude, feeling, opinion, or action shared by two or more people that guides behavior) (able to occur after a respected member challenges the group to resolve power struggles to accomplish its goals )

contributes to the team's work

(completed work in a timely manner) (came to meeting prepared) (did complete and accurate work)

expect quality work

(expected team to succeed) (cared that the team produced quality work)

keeps team on track

(helped team plan and organize work) (stayed aware of team members' progress) (provided constructive feedback)

team charter early in development process will help the team succeed

(how the team will share information) (the decision making process) (how the team will operate)

team building techniques

(improve internal communication in work groups) (reduce dysfunctional conflict in work groups)

storming stage

(individuals may test or rebel against the leader's policies in tuckman's )

formal group

(is a hiring committee ) (reducing individuals anxieties and feelings of powerlessness) (problem-solving personal and interpersonal problems) (developing self esteem and a sense of identity) (during which of the stages of group development are people anxious their roles)

self managed teams activities

(planning) (scheduling) (monitoring)

possesses relevant knowledge skills, and abilities (KSAs) for team responsibilities

(possessed necessary KSAs to contribute meaningfully to the team) (applied knowledge and skill to fill in as needed for other members roles

individual functions

(satisfy the individual's need for affiliation) (develop, enhance, and confirm the individual's self-esteem and sense of identity) (give individuals and opportunity to test and share their perceptions of social reality) (reduce the individual's anxieties and feelings of insecurity and powerlessness) (provide a problem-solving mechanism for personal and interpersonal problems)

informal group

(share friendship) (share common interests) (a card club meets monthly to play ad have dinner)

social loafing

(tendency or individua effort to decline as group size increased ) (using hybrid rewards)

cross-functional team

(when specialists from different areas are put on the same team,) (product development team with members form finance, production, marketing, and engineering)

evaluator (task and maintenances roles)

tests group's accomplishments with various criteria such as logic and politically