Chapter 8

Organizations wishing to change their culture may alter their physical layout and design in order to:

~ send a strong message about the culture ~ encourage employee productivity

A company's ______ is the large-scale action plan that encompasses the company's vision and is used to create the direction for the business.

strategy

Common purpose, one of the four common elements of organizations proposed by Schein, ______.

unifies members and helps everyone understand the organization's reason for being

More positive organizational outcomes are associated with ______ cultures.

market

The extent to which your personality and values match the climate and culture in an organization is referred to as person-______ fit.

organization

Which of these would be considered observable artifacts in an organization?

Awards Rituals Decorations

According to Schein, which organizational feature unifies employees or members and gives everyone an understanding of the organization's reason for being?

Common purpose

What occurs as a result of the horizontal organizational design?

Teams are used to improve collaboration and work.

According to the competing values framework (CVF), organizational ______ varies along two dimensions.

effectiveness

In order to implement a particular organizational strategy, managers must determine the right kind of organizational: (Choose every correct answer.)

structure culture

In terms of organizational culture, a ______ is an artifact, act, quality, or event that conveys an organization's most important values to others

symbol

An organization's ______ can pay attention to, measure, and control a number of activities, processes, or outcomes in order to foster a certain culture.

leader

Managers can help to change the organization's culture by paying attention to which ______ they use as narratives to symbolize the organization's vision and values to employees.

stories

What is the most accurate description of person-organization fit?

A match between an individual's personality and values and those of the organization

__________ embed preferred culture by describing organizational philosophy, mission, vision, and values.

Formal Statements

When employees share a narrative about an actual event that helped create an aspect of the company's culture, they are relying on ______ to symbolize the company's vision and values.

stories

What is the primary cause of failure for strategic initiatives?

Improper Execution

A(n) ______ is a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of two or more people.

Organization

Which factors must work in concert to produce successful strategic execution? (Choose every correct answer.)

Organizational culture HR practices Organizational structure

Some businesses have created open-area workspaces where employees sit at desks that are side-by-side and no walls are between them. This is to foster collaboration among the staff. What aspect of culture change does this represent?

Physical Design

When is the ideal time to assess person-organization fit?

Prior to accepting a position

A(n) ______ organization is a fluid, highly adaptive organization whose members are linked by information technology and collaborate on common tasks.

boundaryless

Rites and rituals, which are activities and ______ used to celebrate important organizational events or achievements, can be leveraged in the process of culture change.

ceremonies

Formal statements can help to change an organization's culture by ______.

embedding the culture in various organizational materials such as the mission, vision, and values statements

A box-and-lines illustration showing the formal lines of authority and the organization's work specializations is called a(n) ______ chart.

organizational

The degree to which someone's personality and values align with the organizational culture of a firm is called ______.

person-organization fit

An organization that has authority centralized in a single person, as well as a flat hierarchy, few rules, and low work specialization, is using a ______.

simple structure

The number of people reporting directly to a given manager refers to ______.

span of control

Place the steps you would use to determine your person-organization fit prior to a job interview in order, with the first step at the top.

1) Create a list of your personal values, strengths, and weaknesses. toggle button 2) Create a list of the organization's values, strengths, and weaknesses. toggle button 3) Compare your values, strengths, and weaknesses to those of the organization, and prepare questions to ask a potential interviewer regarding P-O fit. toggle button

1) Horizontal 2) Vertical

1) Expresses the extent to which the organization focuses its attention and efforts inward on internal dynamics and employees versus outward toward its external environment and customers 2) Expresses the extent to which an organization prefers flexibility and discretion versus stability and control

1) Focus on being optimistic 2) Display a proactive learning orientation 3) Be more resourceful 4) Take ownership and accept responsibility 5) Expand your perspective by asking different questions

1) View work or career changes as challenges to be overcome 2) Maintain a desire to learn and improve your career readiness competencies 3) Look for solutions to challenges, rather than problems 4) Absorb, learn, and understand rather than hold grudges 5) Try thinking about things such as "What surprised me about that situation?" or "What data might I be ignoring?"

Symbols in organizational culture represent ______.

objects or actions that convey an organization's most important values to others.

The readily apparent symbols and manifestations of an organization's culture are called its ______.

observable artifacts

If an organization wishes to change its culture, managers can alter the types of ______ and status symbols they give out and to whom they give them.

reward

Organizations can use ______, activities that celebrate important events or achievements for the organization, to change the organization's culture.

rites and rituals

Flat organizations generally have few levels with ______ spans of control, with one manager overseeing many employees.

wide

One method of changing organizational culture is to provide structured ______ as an in-depth introduction to organizational values.

method

According to Barnard's definition, which of the following examples represent organizations?

~ A crew of two people coordinating their activities on a commercial fishing boat ~ The corporate headquarters of a global technology company

What are three characteristics of an organization with a simple structure?

~ Authority in a single person ~ A flat hierarchy ~ Low work specialization

What are two suggestions for improving your adaptability in the workplace?

~ Be proactive in learning situations. ~ Be more resourceful.

Organizational design is concerned with which activities? (Choose every correct answer.)

~ Creating a structural design that will help an organization execute its strategies ~ Creating structures of accountability and responsibility

Which of the following are outcomes associated with various types of organizational culture?

~ Higher market share in clan and market cultures ~ More positive organizational outcomes in market cultures ~ Higher customer satisfaction in clan and market cultures

Identify the types of structures categorized as organizational designs with open boundaries. (Choose every correct answer.)

~ Modular ~ Virtual ~ Hollow

Select the types of organizational design. (Choose every correct answer.)

~ Open boundary ~ Horizontal ~ Traditional

Which are advantages of ensuring you have good potential fit with an organization before accepting a position? (Choose every correct answer.)

~ Positive work attitude ~ Reduced intention to quit ~ Reduced work stress

Which of the following can leaders pay attention to, measure, and control in order to change the organization's culture? (Choose every correct answer.)

~ Processes ~ Outcomes ~ Activities

Which of the following represent learning-related tools that can be leveraged to change an organization's culture? (Choose every correct answer.)

~ Role modeling ~ Training ~ Coaching

Some of the strongest ways to embed organizational culture include which two of the following?

~ Status symbols ~ Rewards

Which of the following statements regarding horizontal design are true? (Choose every correct answer.)

~ This design is also called a team-based design ~ Workgroups are used to improve collaboration ~ Internal boundaries are broken down

What are the two types of information that organization charts reveal about organizational structure?

~ Who specializes in what work ~ Who reports to whom