Chapter 9

Which of the following is the normal INR range for an individual not on warfarin?

0.8 to 1.1

Normal bleeding time is usually between:

1 and 6 minutes

The normal prothrombin time is:

11 to 16 seconds

Approximately what percentage with prediabetes will likely develop outright clinical diabetes given their additional risk factors of obesity and family history?

25%

The International Normalized Ratio is all of the following except one. Which one is the exception?

A test used to determine the patient's ability to form a clot.

Polydipsia, polyuria, and polyphagia are all typically characteristic of which of the following?

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Acanthosis nigricans is a skin disorder associated with which condition?

Type 2 diabetes

Thalassemia major is:

Associated with a severe hemolytic anemia

Celiac disease

is chronic disorder associated with sensitivity to dietary gluten, a protein found in wheat and wheat products

All of the following are complications from macrovascular disease in diabetes mellitus exception one. Which one is the exception?

Damage to nerves with impairment of sensation.

What is the most common endocrine disease in the United States

Diabetes Mellitus

Hyperthyroidism in children can lead to:

Early exfoliation of the deciduous dentition and early eruption of the permanent teeth.

Which of the following oral complications is not typically associated with diabetes mellitus?

Excessive bleeding

Which of the following is false concerning periodontal disease and its relationship to diabetes mellitus?

Good oral hygiene will resolve all gingival conditions

Exophthalmos is a characteristic features in which one of the following?

Graves disease

Hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, an abnormal bone metabolism are characteristic of which of the following conditions?

Hyperparathyroidism

All of the following conditions are associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus except one. Which one is the exception?

Hyperpituitarism

Graves disease is also known as

Hyperthyroidism

According to the World Health Organization, which two countries will contribute the largest number of diabetes cases worldwide by the year 2030?

India and China

In leukemia, which type of therapy can have the most significant side effects for the patient?

Induction chemotherapy

Symptoms of leukemia can be similar to those found in:

Infectious mononucleosis

Which of the following does not apply to the glycosylated hemoglobin test?

It is used only in management of type 1 diabetes.

Which of the following is false concerning gestational diabetes?

It occurs in the majority of women during pregnancy.

Which of the following is not true of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

It represents approximately 3% of primary diabetes cases.

Which of the following is not true about the insulin pump?

It uses only long acting or slow acting insulin

The most common cause of secondary hyperparathyroidism is:

Kidney failure

Excessive numbers of abnormal white blood cells are characteristic of:

Leukemia

If a patient's white blood cell count is 1000 cells/microliter, the patient has:

Leukopenia

All of the following are typically acute metabolic complications of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus except one. Which one is the exception?

Myocardial infarction

Osteoradionecrosis

Necrosis of bone from radiation therapy

Leukopenia most often involves which cells type?

Neutrophils

Which one of the following is not a cause of iron deficiency anemia?

Normal bone marrow function

Achlorhydria, failure to absorb vitamin B12, and megaloblastic anemia are characteristic features of which of the following?

Pernicious anemia

Hyperpituitarism results from an excessive production of growth hormone. Which of the following most often causes it?

Pituitary adenoma.

Which of the following is characterized by an abnormal increase in circulating red blood cells?

Polycythemia

All of the following occur in the uncontrolled diabetic state except one. Which one is the exception?

Preservation of body mass

Which one of the following is not a characteristic of sickle cell anemia?

Red blood cells are circular in shape.

Anemia

Reduction in the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood that in most cases related to a decrease in the number of circulating red blood cells.

Which of the following statements is false regarding diabetes mellitus?

Rigorous control of blood glucose may delay progression of coronary artery disease

In the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, which classification of newly developed drugs decreases blood glucose by increasing the excretion of urinary glucose?

SGLT2

Patients with Addison disease crave which one of the following due to hyponatremia?

Salt

All of the following are typical oral complications of diabetes except one. Hwihc one is the exception?

Squamous cell carcinoma

Which one of the following is false concerning Addison disease?

The patient may experience pathologic fracture

Which of the following is characterized by a decrease in platelets?

Thrombocytopenia

All of the following are characteristic of primary hyperparathyroidism except one. Which one is the exception?

Cotton-wool radiographic appearance

Hemophilia

An inherited disorder of blood coagulation that results in severely prolonged clotting time.

Osteonecrosis of the jaw is associated with:

Bisphosphonates

Which patient group is most likely to get sickle cell anemia?

Blacks

Secondary aplastic anemia can be caused by:

Chemotherapy

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus typically have which of the following in common?

Chronic hyperglycemia

Which one of the following is an inherited disorder of hemoglobin synthesis?

Cooley anemia

Cushing syndrome is caused by an increase in:

Cortisol

Hyperpituitarism

excess hormone production by the anterior pituitary gland

Exophthalmos

protrusion of the eyes

Leukemia

they are disorders that primarily originate in the stem cells of the bone marrow