Chapter 9
Individual Discrimination
occurs where one person treats others unfairly because of their race or ethnicity
minority group
people who are recognized as belonging to a social category and suffer from unequal treatment as a result of that status
prejudice
pre-judgement -an inflexible attitude about a particularly group of people, rooted by generalizations and stereotypes -any categorical and unfounded over generalization regarding a group of people (about attitudes/beliefs)
racial assimilation
racial minority groups are absorbed into dominant group through intermarriage
pluralism or multiculturalism
encourages people to embrace diversity *salad bowl idea
discrimination
action or behavior that results in the unequal treatment of individuals because of their membership in a certain racial of ethnic group -BEHAVIORS that treat people DIFFERENTLY OR UNFAIRLY solely on the basis of GROUP MEMBERSHIP or PERCEIVED GROUP MEMBERSHIP
internal colonialism
describes the exploitation of a minority group within the dominant groups own borders
symbolic ethnicity
enactments of ethnic identify that occur only on special occasions *cinco de mayo, Passover, etc
Situational Ethnicity
ethnic identity that can be either displayed or concealed depending on its usefulness in a given situation
Stereotypes
exaggerated belief concerning a group of people- can be either positive or negative positive- *idea that people from midwest are nice *CEO- money power, have time
population transfer
forcible removal of a group of people from the territory they have occupied
segregation
formal or legal separation of groups by race or ethnicity
cultural assimilation
members learn the cultural practices of the dominant group
assimilation
minority group is absorbed into the mainstream or dominant group, making society more homogenous
Ethnicity
socially defined category based on common language, religion, nationality, history, or another cultural factor *Amish a group of people identified on the basis of ancestry or some other social characteristic *foods, traditions, religions, etc.
Race
-socially defined category, based on real or perceived biological difference between groups of people -biological/social agreement characteristics that we cannot change archaic (old, outdated) -transportation- allowed us to go to almost every level on earth-we tend to reproduce when we find a new place, so the idea of races doesn't work- we intermix
19th Century
biologists came up with a schema that grouped humans into 3 races: Negroid (black), Mongoloid (asian), caucosoid (white)
racism
ideology or set of beliefs about the superiority of one racial or ethnic group over another
majority
isn't about numbers- about the idea of power dominant group
passing
living as if one's a member of a different racial category
minority
subordinate group
genocide
the deliberate and systematic extermination of a racial, ethnic, or national group
Institutional Discrimination
the practices or arrangements within social institutions (government, education, religion) that have the internet or the effect or treating people differently or unfairly solely on the basis of group membership and perceived group membership
sanctions
things that can be positive or negative -action that rewards or punishes *look at notebook notes for line picture example)
embodied identity
those elements of identity that are generated through other's perceptions of our physical traits