Chapter 9

Individual Discrimination

occurs where one person treats others unfairly because of their race or ethnicity

minority group

people who are recognized as belonging to a social category and suffer from unequal treatment as a result of that status

prejudice

pre-judgement -an inflexible attitude about a particularly group of people, rooted by generalizations and stereotypes -any categorical and unfounded over generalization regarding a group of people (about attitudes/beliefs)

racial assimilation

racial minority groups are absorbed into dominant group through intermarriage

pluralism or multiculturalism

encourages people to embrace diversity *salad bowl idea

discrimination

action or behavior that results in the unequal treatment of individuals because of their membership in a certain racial of ethnic group -BEHAVIORS that treat people DIFFERENTLY OR UNFAIRLY solely on the basis of GROUP MEMBERSHIP or PERCEIVED GROUP MEMBERSHIP

internal colonialism

describes the exploitation of a minority group within the dominant groups own borders

symbolic ethnicity

enactments of ethnic identify that occur only on special occasions *cinco de mayo, Passover, etc

Situational Ethnicity

ethnic identity that can be either displayed or concealed depending on its usefulness in a given situation

Stereotypes

exaggerated belief concerning a group of people- can be either positive or negative positive- *idea that people from midwest are nice *CEO- money power, have time

population transfer

forcible removal of a group of people from the territory they have occupied

segregation

formal or legal separation of groups by race or ethnicity

cultural assimilation

members learn the cultural practices of the dominant group

assimilation

minority group is absorbed into the mainstream or dominant group, making society more homogenous

Ethnicity

socially defined category based on common language, religion, nationality, history, or another cultural factor *Amish a group of people identified on the basis of ancestry or some other social characteristic *foods, traditions, religions, etc.

Race

-socially defined category, based on real or perceived biological difference between groups of people -biological/social agreement characteristics that we cannot change archaic (old, outdated) -transportation- allowed us to go to almost every level on earth-we tend to reproduce when we find a new place, so the idea of races doesn't work- we intermix

19th Century

biologists came up with a schema that grouped humans into 3 races: Negroid (black), Mongoloid (asian), caucosoid (white)

racism

ideology or set of beliefs about the superiority of one racial or ethnic group over another

majority

isn't about numbers- about the idea of power dominant group

passing

living as if one's a member of a different racial category

minority

subordinate group

genocide

the deliberate and systematic extermination of a racial, ethnic, or national group

Institutional Discrimination

the practices or arrangements within social institutions (government, education, religion) that have the internet or the effect or treating people differently or unfairly solely on the basis of group membership and perceived group membership

sanctions

things that can be positive or negative -action that rewards or punishes *look at notebook notes for line picture example)

embodied identity

those elements of identity that are generated through other's perceptions of our physical traits