chapter 9

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Southwest determined that seating was problematic because it pushed boarding past the​ 10-minute window the airline needed to turn its planes around quickly. This decision is characterized in the chapter as​ a(n) ________ decision.

nonprogrammed

When Thom has a decision to​ make, he has a tendency to​ "roll the dice and take his​ chances." This refers to​ Thom's _______.

risk propensity

The​ _____ approach to leadership assumes that appropriate leader behavior varies from one situation to another.

situational

Despite Wall Street​ analysts' outcries against leaving hundreds of millions of dollars of revenue on the table by not charging fees for checked​ bags, Southwest Airlines determined that the​ long-term relationship with customers was ultimately more important. This is BEST described as​ _____________.

situational leadership

When Southwest decided to implement and then refine its open seating​ process, it was doing so under the​ decision-making condition known as a state of​ ________

uncertainty

Veronica is the new sales manager of a large car dealership. In order to increase​ sales, she decided to offer a customer rebate on new vehicles. At the end of the​ quarter, she reviews sales data to determine how successful her decision was. Which step in the rational​ decision-making process does this​ represent?

Following up and evaluating the results

Which of the following would negatively impact a leader's ability to affect change?

Leadership neutralizers

Which of the following BEST defines a programmed decision?

A decision that is relatively structured or recurs with some frequency

Which of the following is the BEST description of a coalition?

An informal alliance of individuals or groups formed to achieve a common goal

Which of the following would be characterized as an individual factor that serves as a leadership​ neutralizer?

Ana has more experience in electrical engineering than her​ supervisor, along with an advanced degree in her field.

Enron stands out as one of the most spectacular failures in business​ history, attributed mostly to the charismatic but misguided leadership of Kenneth Lay and Jeffrey Skilling.​ However, charismatic leaders can also influence​ ethical, productive behavior. If you wanted to become a more charismatic​ leader, which of the following talents would you choose as the BEST to work on as part of your professional development​ plan?

Articulating and promoting a compelling vision

Which of the following BEST describes the new role of an organizational leader who works to mentor employees and resolve conflicts among team members?

As that of a coach

You have just been hired to take a strategic leadership role with an​ airline, specifically with regard to food​ service, which, as a profit​ center, has been losing money. Which of the following would be your BEST initial​ steps?

Become familiar with the stakeholders and their​ interests, and with the​ organization's history,​ culture, and values

In which of the following situations would supportive leader behavior be most​ appropriate?

Ben is the supervisor of a group of experienced employees who have highly stressful jobs.

On your most recent performance​ evaluation, you scored highly on your abilities to control​ situations, direct​ work, supervise​ people, monitor​ performance, make​ decisions, and structure activities. In order to be a more effective leader in your​ company, which attribute would be BEST to focus on​ developing?

Coaching

Which of the following occurs when there is an informal alliance of individuals or groups formed to achieve a common goal?

Coalition

Which of the following is the broad concept that encompasses both international differences and diversity-based differences with the organization?

Culture

Which of the following is an example of a nonprogrammed decision?

Deciding whether to add boarding and grooming services to a vet clinic

Which of the following BEST describes state of uncertainty?

Decision makers are unaware of all possibilities or the associated risks.

_____ leader behavior lets subordinates know what is expected of​ them, gives guidance and​ direction, and schedules work.

Directive

Your company has entered into a​ five-year lease for a building for your​ business, but it now looks as if it will cost up to half a million dollars to bring the facility up to code and to your operating standards. Rather than attempting to break the lease and find a better​ location, the facilities committee is focusing on trying to salvage this​ deal, even though it looks like a bad decision. Which is the MOST LIKELY behavioral aspect you are​ facing?

Escalation of commitment

Which of the following is BEST described as an innate belief about something, often without conscious consideration?

Intuition

How do leadership neutralizers impact a leader's ability to affect change?

Leaders who attempt to engage in various leadership behaviors are adversely impacted

Which of the following BEST describes ethical leadership?

Leaders who have high standards and who take personal responsibility for their decisions

Which of the following is the BEST description of virtual leadership?

Leadership in settings where leaders and followers interact electronically rather than in face-to-face settings

The manager selects the best alternative.

Mathematical modeling and​ analysis, as well as​ intuition, are used heavily in which of the following steps in the rational​ decision-making process?

Which activity is more of a focus in leadership than management?

Monitoring

Which of the following BEST describes the decision-making process?

Observing, evaluating, and choosing between alternatives

Sonya makes it a practice to consult with her staff before making major decisions that affect the department. She believes it is important to consider their concerns and process their inputs. According to the​ path-goal theory, what type of leader behavior does Sonya​ display?

Participative

Which of the following theories is BEST defined as the theory of leadership that is a direct extension of the expectancy theory of motivation?

Path-goal theory

Which of the following is the BEST description of referent power?

Power based on identification, imitation, loyalty, or charisma

According to a 2017 study by McKinsey and​ LeanIn.org, women comprise just 37 percent of management positions and 19 percent of​ C-Suite (CEO,​ CFO, etc.) positions. If you were hired as a consultant to a Fortune 500 firm to address this​ issue, which of the following suggestions would MOST LIKELY result in​ improvement?

Proactively create a culture of inclusion

Several years​ ago, Gatorade had a commercial showing highlights of basketball star Michael Jordan and people trying to replicate his​ skills, accompanied by the jingle​ "I wanna be like​ Mike." This would BEST describe which form of​ power?

Referent

Which of the following BEST describes a power based on identification, imitation, loyalty, or charisma?

Referent power

Which of the following can be described as the extent to which a decision maker is willing to gamble when making a decision?

Risk propensity

Which of the following factors is associated with decision making where little ambiguity exists among choices?

State of certainty

Which of the following factors associated with decision making depends on estimating the probability of advantages and disadvantages?

State of risk

Reggie is the sales manager of a large car dealership. He wants to increase sales significantly over the next​ quarter, and after talking with his staff and giving the matter some​ thought, he decides that offering a customer rebate on new vehicles is the best strategy to achieve this. What​ decision-making condition does this BEST​ describe?

State of uncertainty

Which of the following is the step in the rational decision making process when a manager recognizes and defines a decision situation?

Step 1

Which of the following is a leader's ability to comprehend and take advantage of the intricacies of the internal and external environments in order to become more competitive?

Strategic leadership

Which of the following BEST describes the leader-member exchange (LMX) model?

The approach to leadership that stresses the importance of variable relationships between supervisors and each of their subordinates

Which of the following is the last step in the rational​ decision-making process?

The manager evaluates the effectiveness of the decision.

Which of the following is step 6 of the rational decision-making process?

The manager follows up and evaluates the effects of the chosen alternative.

Developing a plan for implementation and identifying the best way to overcome resistance to change are part of which of the following steps in the rational​ decision-making process?

The manager implements the chosen alternative.

Which of the following is the first step in the rational​ decision-making process?

The manager realizes a decision is necessary.

Which of the following is step 1 of the rational decision-making process?

The manager recognizes and defines a decision situation.

Which of the following BEST describes expert power?

The power derived from information

Which of the following is the BEST description of​ leadership?

The processes and behaviors used to​ motivate, inspire, and influence​ others' behavior toward achievement of organizational goals

For a restaurant trying to increase sales and​ profits, which of the following would be involved in identifying​ alternatives?

The restaurant management will consider expanding at their current​ location, opening new locations in the same​ city, expanding to new geographic​ areas, or franchising the business.

An individual who assumes that a leader's behavior changes depending on the circumstances or the setting takes which of the following approaches to leadership?

The situational approach

Which of the following is the BEST description of the path-goal theory?

The theory of leadership that is a direct extension of the expectancy theory of motivation

Which of the following leadership approaches identifies the key qualities, such as self-confidence or job knowledge, that differentiate leaders?

The trait approach

As leaders move to becoming coaches in the organization, which of the following becomes an important aspect of their work?

To mentor employees and resolve conflict

Which approach to leadership focuses on the characteristics the leader​ possesses, rather than on how he or she acts or responds toward​ subordinates?

Trait approach

Which kind of leadership involves regular, structured activities and is comparable to management?

Transactional leadership

Which of the following is the set of skills and aptitudes that allows a leader to recognize when change is necessary, to develop a vision for change, and to execute the strategy that will result in change?

Transformational leadership

​_______ leadership has become increasingly critical for organizations utilizing alternative workplace options such as telecommuting and geographically dispersed teams.

Virtual

A​ self-managed work team that is responsible for​ hiring, training,​ scheduling, and monitoring the performance of its members is an example of​ _______.

a leadership substitute

A decision that has a​ "ready-made" solution because it has been evaluated and resolved in the past is known as​ _______.

a programmed decision

When Brad has to order paper for the office​ copier, she checks the website of the office supply vendor the company uses to see if either of the brands they typically buy are on sale and places the order based on which brand is priced the lowest. This is an example of​ ______.

a programmed decision

The​ decision-making condition in which the​ decision-maker doesn't know all of the​ alternatives, the risks associated with​ each, or even the consequences each alternative is likely to have is known as​ _______.

a state of uncertainty

Individuals with the ability to influence others with an interpersonal attraction that inspires support and acceptance display .

charismatic leadership

Gretchen was late returning from lunch for the second time in a week. Her boss sent her home without pay for the remainder of the day. This is an example of​ _______ power.

coercive

The ability to punish a subordinate is associated with​ _______ power.

coercive

According to the​ path-goal theory,​ a(n) _______ leader engages in behavior such as telling subordinates what they are supposed to​ do, how they are supposed to do​ it, and when it is supposed to be done.

directive

The leader behaviors identified by the​ path-goal theory are​ _______.

directive, supportive,​ participative, and​ achievement-oriented

Stephanie is a​ "people person" when it comes to managing her department. She is friendly and approachable and strives to make the workplace a​ happy, pleasant environment. This BEST describes​ _______ leader behavior.

employee-focused

In 2012, JCPenney implemented a new pricing strategy. Although it was wildly unpopular with consumers, CEO Ron Johnson continued to pursue it until his termination. Johnson's pursuit of this strategy is a clear example of

escalation of commitment

The​ phrase, "in for a​ penny, in for a​ pound," meaning that once​ you've undertaken an​ action, you intend to complete it no matter how much​ time, effort or money it​ entails, BEST describes​ _______.

escalation of commitment

The​ path-goal theory of leadership is a direct extension of the​ _____ theory of motivation.

expectancy

Marissa consults with an attorney about incorporating her business and decides to follow his advice. This is likely because Marissa perceives the attorney to have​ _______ power in the field of law.

expert

The trait approach to leadership .

identifies the key qualities, such as self-confidence or job knowledge, that differentiate leaders

That​ "inner feeling" or​ "gut instinct" that we sometimes experience when making a decision is known as​ _______.

intuition

The type of power that a person in an organization has when​ s/he has control over employees in lower positions or levels within the organization is known as​ _______ power.

legitimate

Jim is a recently hired manager and is trying to decide on the most appropriate leadership style. Based on​ path-goal theory, Jim should use​ _____ leader behavior.

participative

A decision is one that is relatively structured or recurs with some frequency.

programmed

Carrie asks to be part of a new project because she values the praise she will receive from her manager. Carrie's manager has .

reward power

Ana runs a​ "tight ship" in her department. She expects her subordinates to follow procedures and rules and is​ hands-on in making sure that departmental goals are met. This demonstrates​ _______ behavior.

task-focused

Research that investigated what behaviors were employed by effective leaders suggested that there are two types of leader​ behaviors: _______ and​ _______ behavior.

task-focused; employee-focused

Legitimate power is based on .

the authority inherent in the organizational hierarchy

The decision not to charge bag fees to supplement falling revenue was a decision that indicated Southwest​ Airline's position as a leader within the industry. This is BEST described as exemplifying​ ____________ leadership.

transformational

The set of skills and aptitudes that allows a leader to recognize when change is necessary, to develop a vision for change, and to execute the strategy that will result in change is known as .

transformational leadership

Jamal stopped Grant in the hall.​ "We're looking for someone to give our website a new​ look, and​ you've done such a great job with our Facebook page that I thought you might like the chance to tackle it. Are you up for the​ challenge?" According to the​ leader-member exchange​ (LMX) model, Jamal would likely be​ a(n) _______.

​in-group member

News articles often cite​ Tesla's Elon Musk as a transformational leader. To develop the ability to lead as he​ does, your BEST focus would be to develop​ _______________.

​vision, dedication, and perseverance


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