chapter 9
Southwest determined that seating was problematic because it pushed boarding past the 10-minute window the airline needed to turn its planes around quickly. This decision is characterized in the chapter as a(n) ________ decision.
nonprogrammed
When Thom has a decision to make, he has a tendency to "roll the dice and take his chances." This refers to Thom's _______.
risk propensity
The _____ approach to leadership assumes that appropriate leader behavior varies from one situation to another.
situational
Despite Wall Street analysts' outcries against leaving hundreds of millions of dollars of revenue on the table by not charging fees for checked bags, Southwest Airlines determined that the long-term relationship with customers was ultimately more important. This is BEST described as _____________.
situational leadership
When Southwest decided to implement and then refine its open seating process, it was doing so under the decision-making condition known as a state of ________
uncertainty
Veronica is the new sales manager of a large car dealership. In order to increase sales, she decided to offer a customer rebate on new vehicles. At the end of the quarter, she reviews sales data to determine how successful her decision was. Which step in the rational decision-making process does this represent?
Following up and evaluating the results
Which of the following would negatively impact a leader's ability to affect change?
Leadership neutralizers
Which of the following BEST defines a programmed decision?
A decision that is relatively structured or recurs with some frequency
Which of the following is the BEST description of a coalition?
An informal alliance of individuals or groups formed to achieve a common goal
Which of the following would be characterized as an individual factor that serves as a leadership neutralizer?
Ana has more experience in electrical engineering than her supervisor, along with an advanced degree in her field.
Enron stands out as one of the most spectacular failures in business history, attributed mostly to the charismatic but misguided leadership of Kenneth Lay and Jeffrey Skilling. However, charismatic leaders can also influence ethical, productive behavior. If you wanted to become a more charismatic leader, which of the following talents would you choose as the BEST to work on as part of your professional development plan?
Articulating and promoting a compelling vision
Which of the following BEST describes the new role of an organizational leader who works to mentor employees and resolve conflicts among team members?
As that of a coach
You have just been hired to take a strategic leadership role with an airline, specifically with regard to food service, which, as a profit center, has been losing money. Which of the following would be your BEST initial steps?
Become familiar with the stakeholders and their interests, and with the organization's history, culture, and values
In which of the following situations would supportive leader behavior be most appropriate?
Ben is the supervisor of a group of experienced employees who have highly stressful jobs.
On your most recent performance evaluation, you scored highly on your abilities to control situations, direct work, supervise people, monitor performance, make decisions, and structure activities. In order to be a more effective leader in your company, which attribute would be BEST to focus on developing?
Coaching
Which of the following occurs when there is an informal alliance of individuals or groups formed to achieve a common goal?
Coalition
Which of the following is the broad concept that encompasses both international differences and diversity-based differences with the organization?
Culture
Which of the following is an example of a nonprogrammed decision?
Deciding whether to add boarding and grooming services to a vet clinic
Which of the following BEST describes state of uncertainty?
Decision makers are unaware of all possibilities or the associated risks.
_____ leader behavior lets subordinates know what is expected of them, gives guidance and direction, and schedules work.
Directive
Your company has entered into a five-year lease for a building for your business, but it now looks as if it will cost up to half a million dollars to bring the facility up to code and to your operating standards. Rather than attempting to break the lease and find a better location, the facilities committee is focusing on trying to salvage this deal, even though it looks like a bad decision. Which is the MOST LIKELY behavioral aspect you are facing?
Escalation of commitment
Which of the following is BEST described as an innate belief about something, often without conscious consideration?
Intuition
How do leadership neutralizers impact a leader's ability to affect change?
Leaders who attempt to engage in various leadership behaviors are adversely impacted
Which of the following BEST describes ethical leadership?
Leaders who have high standards and who take personal responsibility for their decisions
Which of the following is the BEST description of virtual leadership?
Leadership in settings where leaders and followers interact electronically rather than in face-to-face settings
The manager selects the best alternative.
Mathematical modeling and analysis, as well as intuition, are used heavily in which of the following steps in the rational decision-making process?
Which activity is more of a focus in leadership than management?
Monitoring
Which of the following BEST describes the decision-making process?
Observing, evaluating, and choosing between alternatives
Sonya makes it a practice to consult with her staff before making major decisions that affect the department. She believes it is important to consider their concerns and process their inputs. According to the path-goal theory, what type of leader behavior does Sonya display?
Participative
Which of the following theories is BEST defined as the theory of leadership that is a direct extension of the expectancy theory of motivation?
Path-goal theory
Which of the following is the BEST description of referent power?
Power based on identification, imitation, loyalty, or charisma
According to a 2017 study by McKinsey and LeanIn.org, women comprise just 37 percent of management positions and 19 percent of C-Suite (CEO, CFO, etc.) positions. If you were hired as a consultant to a Fortune 500 firm to address this issue, which of the following suggestions would MOST LIKELY result in improvement?
Proactively create a culture of inclusion
Several years ago, Gatorade had a commercial showing highlights of basketball star Michael Jordan and people trying to replicate his skills, accompanied by the jingle "I wanna be like Mike." This would BEST describe which form of power?
Referent
Which of the following BEST describes a power based on identification, imitation, loyalty, or charisma?
Referent power
Which of the following can be described as the extent to which a decision maker is willing to gamble when making a decision?
Risk propensity
Which of the following factors is associated with decision making where little ambiguity exists among choices?
State of certainty
Which of the following factors associated with decision making depends on estimating the probability of advantages and disadvantages?
State of risk
Reggie is the sales manager of a large car dealership. He wants to increase sales significantly over the next quarter, and after talking with his staff and giving the matter some thought, he decides that offering a customer rebate on new vehicles is the best strategy to achieve this. What decision-making condition does this BEST describe?
State of uncertainty
Which of the following is the step in the rational decision making process when a manager recognizes and defines a decision situation?
Step 1
Which of the following is a leader's ability to comprehend and take advantage of the intricacies of the internal and external environments in order to become more competitive?
Strategic leadership
Which of the following BEST describes the leader-member exchange (LMX) model?
The approach to leadership that stresses the importance of variable relationships between supervisors and each of their subordinates
Which of the following is the last step in the rational decision-making process?
The manager evaluates the effectiveness of the decision.
Which of the following is step 6 of the rational decision-making process?
The manager follows up and evaluates the effects of the chosen alternative.
Developing a plan for implementation and identifying the best way to overcome resistance to change are part of which of the following steps in the rational decision-making process?
The manager implements the chosen alternative.
Which of the following is the first step in the rational decision-making process?
The manager realizes a decision is necessary.
Which of the following is step 1 of the rational decision-making process?
The manager recognizes and defines a decision situation.
Which of the following BEST describes expert power?
The power derived from information
Which of the following is the BEST description of leadership?
The processes and behaviors used to motivate, inspire, and influence others' behavior toward achievement of organizational goals
For a restaurant trying to increase sales and profits, which of the following would be involved in identifying alternatives?
The restaurant management will consider expanding at their current location, opening new locations in the same city, expanding to new geographic areas, or franchising the business.
An individual who assumes that a leader's behavior changes depending on the circumstances or the setting takes which of the following approaches to leadership?
The situational approach
Which of the following is the BEST description of the path-goal theory?
The theory of leadership that is a direct extension of the expectancy theory of motivation
Which of the following leadership approaches identifies the key qualities, such as self-confidence or job knowledge, that differentiate leaders?
The trait approach
As leaders move to becoming coaches in the organization, which of the following becomes an important aspect of their work?
To mentor employees and resolve conflict
Which approach to leadership focuses on the characteristics the leader possesses, rather than on how he or she acts or responds toward subordinates?
Trait approach
Which kind of leadership involves regular, structured activities and is comparable to management?
Transactional leadership
Which of the following is the set of skills and aptitudes that allows a leader to recognize when change is necessary, to develop a vision for change, and to execute the strategy that will result in change?
Transformational leadership
_______ leadership has become increasingly critical for organizations utilizing alternative workplace options such as telecommuting and geographically dispersed teams.
Virtual
A self-managed work team that is responsible for hiring, training, scheduling, and monitoring the performance of its members is an example of _______.
a leadership substitute
A decision that has a "ready-made" solution because it has been evaluated and resolved in the past is known as _______.
a programmed decision
When Brad has to order paper for the office copier, she checks the website of the office supply vendor the company uses to see if either of the brands they typically buy are on sale and places the order based on which brand is priced the lowest. This is an example of ______.
a programmed decision
The decision-making condition in which the decision-maker doesn't know all of the alternatives, the risks associated with each, or even the consequences each alternative is likely to have is known as _______.
a state of uncertainty
Individuals with the ability to influence others with an interpersonal attraction that inspires support and acceptance display .
charismatic leadership
Gretchen was late returning from lunch for the second time in a week. Her boss sent her home without pay for the remainder of the day. This is an example of _______ power.
coercive
The ability to punish a subordinate is associated with _______ power.
coercive
According to the path-goal theory, a(n) _______ leader engages in behavior such as telling subordinates what they are supposed to do, how they are supposed to do it, and when it is supposed to be done.
directive
The leader behaviors identified by the path-goal theory are _______.
directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented
Stephanie is a "people person" when it comes to managing her department. She is friendly and approachable and strives to make the workplace a happy, pleasant environment. This BEST describes _______ leader behavior.
employee-focused
In 2012, JCPenney implemented a new pricing strategy. Although it was wildly unpopular with consumers, CEO Ron Johnson continued to pursue it until his termination. Johnson's pursuit of this strategy is a clear example of
escalation of commitment
The phrase, "in for a penny, in for a pound," meaning that once you've undertaken an action, you intend to complete it no matter how much time, effort or money it entails, BEST describes _______.
escalation of commitment
The path-goal theory of leadership is a direct extension of the _____ theory of motivation.
expectancy
Marissa consults with an attorney about incorporating her business and decides to follow his advice. This is likely because Marissa perceives the attorney to have _______ power in the field of law.
expert
The trait approach to leadership .
identifies the key qualities, such as self-confidence or job knowledge, that differentiate leaders
That "inner feeling" or "gut instinct" that we sometimes experience when making a decision is known as _______.
intuition
The type of power that a person in an organization has when s/he has control over employees in lower positions or levels within the organization is known as _______ power.
legitimate
Jim is a recently hired manager and is trying to decide on the most appropriate leadership style. Based on path-goal theory, Jim should use _____ leader behavior.
participative
A decision is one that is relatively structured or recurs with some frequency.
programmed
Carrie asks to be part of a new project because she values the praise she will receive from her manager. Carrie's manager has .
reward power
Ana runs a "tight ship" in her department. She expects her subordinates to follow procedures and rules and is hands-on in making sure that departmental goals are met. This demonstrates _______ behavior.
task-focused
Research that investigated what behaviors were employed by effective leaders suggested that there are two types of leader behaviors: _______ and _______ behavior.
task-focused; employee-focused
Legitimate power is based on .
the authority inherent in the organizational hierarchy
The decision not to charge bag fees to supplement falling revenue was a decision that indicated Southwest Airline's position as a leader within the industry. This is BEST described as exemplifying ____________ leadership.
transformational
The set of skills and aptitudes that allows a leader to recognize when change is necessary, to develop a vision for change, and to execute the strategy that will result in change is known as .
transformational leadership
Jamal stopped Grant in the hall. "We're looking for someone to give our website a new look, and you've done such a great job with our Facebook page that I thought you might like the chance to tackle it. Are you up for the challenge?" According to the leader-member exchange (LMX) model, Jamal would likely be a(n) _______.
in-group member
News articles often cite Tesla's Elon Musk as a transformational leader. To develop the ability to lead as he does, your BEST focus would be to develop _______________.
vision, dedication, and perseverance
