Chapter One: Organization of the Body
The cranial cavity houses which organ?
Brain
True or false: Serous fluid reduces friction inside the intestines so that feces can move through more easily.
False
Which of the following is the positional term that describes a structure located toward the back or behind another structure?
Posterior
True or false: The body contains two major cavities. These two cavities are the dorsal cavity and the ventral cavity.
True
Which cavity is subdivided into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities by the diaphragm?
Ventral cavity
The pericardial cavity is formed in the space between which structures?
Visceral and parietal pericardia
Standing erect with arms at sides, face and palms forward, is referred to as being in the _______ position
anatomical
The branch of science concerned with the structure of body parts is called:
anatomy
The branch of science that deals specifically with the structure of body parts, and their relationship with other structures in the body, is called
anatomy
A structure located in front of another is:
anterior
A structure located to the front of another structure is considered to be
anterior
The sternum (breast bone) is ______ to the heart.
anterior, ventral, superficial
The portion of the body that includes the upper and lower limbs is called the ______ portion
appendicular
A structure described as being lateral is:
away from the midline
The ______ portion of the body includes the head, neck and trunk.
axial
The functions of the _____ system include transporting nutrients and oxygen to the body cells and wastes from the body cells.
cardiovascular
The muscle that divides the ventral cavity into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities is the
diaphragm
The part that is located farther from the beginning than another structure is said to be
distal
A structure is distal to another structure if it is located ______ from the point of origin.
farther
On the trunk of the body, a structure that is located below another (closer to the feet) is said to be ______ to it.
inferior
The abdomen is _______ to the chest
inferior
The neck is _____ to the mouth
inferior
Structures located away from the midline are said to be
lateral
Select all organs located in the thoracic cavity.
lungs, heart
A structure that is ______ to another is located closer to the midline.
medial
In describing the position of anatomical structures, the structure closer to the midline is:
medial
The region of the thoracic cavity that divides the thoracic cavity into the left and right portions is called:
mediastinum
Structures within cells that carry out specific functions are called:
organelles
Which of the following are components of the digestive system (select all that apply):
pancreas, small and large intestine, esophagus, stomach, tongue, mouth
The _____ cavity contains the urinary bladder, internal reproductive organs, and rectum.
pelvic
The space found between the visceral pericardium and parietal pericardium containing pericardial fluid is called the _____ cavity
pericardial
In the lungs, the parietal and visceral _____ are separated by a thin film of serous fluid. While no actual space exists between them, the potential space is called the ______.
pleura; pleural cavity
_____ fluid is secreted by the pleurae to reduce friction from the pleurae of the lungs rubbing together during breathing.
pleural
The brain is located ______ to the eyes.
posterior
is a term that refers to a body part located toward the back of the body.
posterior
A structure is ______ to another structure if it is located closer the trunk of the body.
proximal
The term used to describe a body part of an extremity that is closer to the trunk is
proximal
The membranes that cover the ventral cavity and internal organs and secrete lubricating fluid are _____ membranes
serous
The anatomical position can be described as:
standing upright, arms at side, palms facing forward
Organelles are:
structures that carry out specific functions within cells, structures composed of groups of macromolecules
The muscles are ______ to bones because they are closer to the surface of the body.
superficial
A structure that is located closer to the surface of the body than another structure is said to be
superfiscial
The directional term used when one structure is located closer to the top of the head than another structure is ______.
superior
The eyebrows are ______ to the chest.
superior
The term of relative position that refers to a body part located closer to the top of the head is
superior
The abdominal cavity contains:
the stomach, intestines, liver, spleen
Mediastinum is the middle region of the _____ cavity
thoracic
The heart and lungs are contained within the _____ cavity, which is part of the larger anterior body cavity.
thoracic
Which of the following systems monitor and make adjustments to the internal environment of the body by adding substances to and/or removing substances from the blood?
urinary, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory
Serous membranes provide lubricating fluid for the _____ cavity.
ventral
The two major cavities of the body are the _____ and _____ cavities
ventral, dorsal
The spinal cord is located in the _____ canal
vertebral
The pleural cavity is a potential space between the _____ pleura and _____ pleura
visceral, parietal