Chapter one POS American Government
Using the state to redistribute income is a policy based on
the philosophy of Karl Marx
Although globalization can threaten national security, this can create desirable outcomes, as shown by the international community's attempt to force Bashar al-Assad to surrender Syria's
Chemical weapons
In 2014-2015, which country supplied nearly 1/3 of foreign students in American educational institutions?
China
According to the text, politicians openly call for more order
During times of social strife
The notion that American public schools are open to all is an example of
Equality of opportunity
Communists regimes that gave their police great powers to arrest and imprison suspicious people raised a conflict between
Freedom and order
Which political philosopher inspired the phrase "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" In the Declaration of Independence.
John Locke
Protection of private property is NOT a valid objection of government according to
Karl Marx
Which of the following philosophers is usually associated with socialism?
Karl Marx
Since the overthrow of its military strongman Muammar Gaddafi in 2011, Libya has experienced
Lawlessness
Government can promote social equality through policies other than income redistribution. According to the text, in 2015, the Supreme Court promoted equality when it held that_______ was/were unconstitutional
Laws banning same-sex marriages
_____ are more likely to favor generous government support for education and housing
Liberals
According to your text, the difference between Libertarianism and John Locke-inspired liberalism is
Libertarianism puts a greater emphasis on individual freedom
Most governments at least claim to ________ while they maintain order
Preserve individual freedom
2 nations with deep ties to the principle of communism that have moved in the direction of more private property are
Russia and China
Hobbes's state of nature refers to
Society without government
Democratic governments that have in the decades since World War 2 been, at times, avowedly socialist include
Sweden and Germany
The government's role in redistributing income to promote economic equality has been a major source of debate in the United States ever since
The Great Depression
An example of a government policy that promotes social equality without redistributing income is
The U.S Supreme Court holding that the state laws banning same-sex marriage were unconstitutional
The broad, basic definition of politics given by the text is
The authoritative allocation of values for a society.
Which political philosopher expressed the sentiment that life in a state of nature would be "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short?
Thomas Hobbles
According to Thomas Hobbes, author of Leviathan, the proper objective of government is
To maintain order
Anarchism is the political opposite of
Totalitarianism
John Locke's views on government are expressed in
Two Treatises of Government
National sovereignty is defined as
a political entity's externally recognized right to exercise final authority over its affairs
Thomas Hobbes ideal form of government was
a single ruler with unquestioned authority
One example of government focus on equality of outcome is
affirmative action programs
A pure ________ would even protest traffic laws
anarchist
In his 2014 State of the Union address, President Obama proposed that the minimum wage
be raised to $10.10
Government actions that are commonly engaged by the U.S. government include
building interstate roads
Compared to citizens in other nations, Americans are more likely to
choose freedom over equality
Documents leaked by Edward Snowden showed that the National Security Agency had
collected data on domestic phone conversations of ordinary Americans
According to the text, only libertarians and ________ are consistent to their attitude toward the scope of government activity.
communitarians
Americans are likely to think of freedom and equality as
complementary
During his 2016 campaign for the Democratic presidential nomination, Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders had difficulty explaining his political views as a
democratic socialist
Capitalism is best described as a(n)
economic system in which production and property are privately owned, with a minimum of government interference
Communitarians are willing to use government to promote both order and
equality
When one person has the same chance to succeed in life as another, this is called
equality of opportunity
If universities increase funding for women's sports so that they receive comparable funding to men's, that is an example of
equality of outcome
Social order is usually defined as
established patterns of authority and traditional modes of behavior
According to the text, the concept of ________ encompasses preserving life, protecting property, and maintaining patterns of social relationships
freedom
During the 1990s, Congress prohibited private businesses from discriminating in employment, public services, and public accommodations on the basis of physical or mental disabilities. This act creates a clash between
freedom and equality
Franklin Roosevelt's four freedoms included all of the following except
freedom from inequality
Which of the following is not categorized as a civil liberty in the United States?
freedom of equality
When the authors say that we live in an era of "globalization," they mean that citizens and nations are increasingly
interdependent
Under the U.S Constitution, the national government
lacks a general police power
As derived from John Locke's philosophy, the doctrine of liberalism holds that government should
leave citizens free to further their individual pursuits
Definition of Government
legitimate use of force within specified geographic boundaries to control human behavior.
An American, who supports the creation of election districts that are likely to vote for minority candidates for public office and wants more restrictions on business owners' hiring decisions, is likely to be a
liberal
A(n) ______ is likely to believe that helping the needy should be a matter of individual choice.
libertarian
In general, libertarianism is characterized by
opposing all government action except that which protects life and property
Using a two-dimensional model of political ideology, conservatives are more likely to support
order over freedom and freedom over equality
Each citizen having one vote demonstrates
political equality
A consistent set of values and beliefs about the proper purpose and scope of government is a(n)
political ideology
The value of using political concepts in understanding government is that they
provide for a broader view than looking at specific events
Services that benefit all citizens and are not likely to be produced by the voluntary acts of individuals are known as
public goods
Although the United States is a capitalist country, the government does intervene in the economic arena, primarily through.
regulating private buisnesses
Western Europe's experience with democratic socialism demonstrates that
socialism can be practiced along with personal freedoms and democratic participation.
A person who favors government ownership of some basic industries and a strong government role in directing the economy would be best labeled a(n)
socialist
National _____ means that each national government is given the right to govern its own people as it wishes and no other nation can interfere with that.
sovereignty
A government pursuing laissez-faire policies would
take a hands off attitude toward the economy
The national government can act on individuals if
the action is based on a constitutionally delegated power.
An underlying assumption of the text is that perfect freedom and order can never be achieved because
these two values are inherently in conflict and cannot be provided simultaneously
The desire to avoid potential foreign prosecution of its soldiers and the desire to continue practicing the death penalty led the United States in 2002
withdraw from the 1998 treaty creating an International Criminal Court.
