Chapters 10-13 Homework Terms + Answers

________ is a type of parasitic worm that can be transferred to humans who eat raw or under cooked fish.

Anisakis

Which of the following foods is often recommended as the first solid food for infants?

Baby Cereal

Compared to infant formulas, human milk is a rich source of ________.

Cholesterol

The toxin produced by ________ can cause blurry vision, muscle weakness, difficulty swallowing and even death.

Clostridium botulinum

During the first few days after giving birth, the new mother's breasts produce ________.

Colostrum

The ________ prohibits food manufacturers from adding a new compound to food that causes cancer.

Delaney Clause of the Food Additives Amendment

Which federal agency regulates the proper use of pesticides?

EPA

________ is a direct (intentional) food additive.

FD&C Red No. 40

Rose is an obese 5-year-old child. ________ is a factor that is associated with increased risk of excess body fat in preschool children.

Family History of Obesity

Which of the following pesticides controls the spread of molds that damage crops?

Fungicide

On her last camping trip, Jenny swallowed some water when she swam in a lake. Two days later, she suddenly experienced severe abdominal pain and watery diarrhea. Based on this information, Jenny probably is infected with ________.

Giardia

What pesticide kills weeds?

Herbicide

Which of the following statements about human milk is false?

Human milk is a rich source of vitamin D.

Emma is a 25-year-old pregnant woman. Her need for ________ is 50% higher than before she became pregnant.

Iron

Which of the following conditions or behaviors is a characteristic sign of a person with anorexia nervosa?

Maintaining a BMI of 17.5 or less

While in class, Barry can't seem to sit still. He constantly taps his feet on the floor and frequently shifts his position. The energy Barry uses for these involuntary movements is classified as ________.

NEAT

Grace recently took a cruise onboard a luxury liner. A few days into her vacation, she developed signs of ________ infection, the most common food-borne illness in the United States.

Norovirus

The following substances were detected in a slice of enriched bread. Which of the substances is a not a direct food additive?

Plastic wrap

The life stage that encompasses a person's prenatal period is ________.

Pregnancy

Disordered eating practices are usually temporary and occur when the person is under stress. True or False

True

True or False: Obese children are more likely to have high blood glucose levels than children who have healthy body weights.

True

________ is the gradual process of shifting a baby from breastfeeding or bottle feeding to drinking from a cup and eating solid foods.

Weaning

Risk factors for eating disorders include ________.

being teased about one's weight

The ________ is based on the relationship between weight and risk of chronic health problems associated with excess body fat.

body mass index

Home-canned low-acid foods, such as beans and corn, may be contaminated with Clostridium botulinum, a bacterium that produces a dangerous toxin. To destroy the toxin, the food should be ________.

boiled for 10 minutes before tasting or eating

Robert would like to gain weight, but despite eating regular meals and having no disordered eating practice or eating disorder, his BMI dropped from 19.0 to 16.2 in one year. According to this information, his physician will need to ________.

determine whether he has a serious chronic disease, such as tuberculosis

During her 7th month of pregnancy, Sari developed a life-threatening complication of pregnancy that is characterized by severe hypertension and convulsions. Based on this information, Sari developed ________.

eclampsia

Pregnant women generally need to take a dietary supplement that contains ________.

folic acid

Females involved in competitive sports, especially ________, are at risk of the female athlete triad.

gymnastics

Pregnant women who develop gestational diabetes are more likely to give birth to ________ infants than pregnant women who do not have this condition.

high-birth weight

Caregivers should not feed _____ to infants.

honey

A scientist wants to develop a medication that safely reduces hunger to help obese people lose weight. Based on this information, this researcher will explore ways to stimulate the production, release, or action of ________.

leptin

Deon has pancreatic cancer. His BMI is 14.2, and he's lost a substantial amount of subcutaneous fat. Based on this information, Deon has ________.

numerous bruises on his body, especially his arms and legs

Macey's BMI is 30.2. Based on this information, her weight is in the ________ range.

obese

Harold grows apple trees on his small farm. He practices organic farming methods, so he does not use pesticides. This fall, he would like to make minimally-processed organic apple juice that does not contain preservatives. He wants to sell the beverage at the local farmer's market. Based on this information, Harold should ________ before bottling the juice to make it safe for consumers.

pasteurize the juice

According to the ____ theory, a person's body fat level is genetically determined and difficult to alter.

set-point

________ is the primary function of adipose cells.

storing fat

The ________ gland produces the primary hormone that controls the metabolic rate.

thyroid

The placenta

transfers nutrients and oxygen from the mother's bloodstream to the embryo/fetus

A person's risk of ________ increases as his or her BMI is 25 or more.

type 2 diabetes

People with central-body obesity are more likely to develop ________ than people who do not have excess fat in the midsection of their bodies.

type 2 diabetes

A farmer in Iowa wants to control crop pests by using integrated pest management techniques. Based on this information, the farmer will use ________.

viruses that attack a variety of weeds

Infants ________ have a high risk of obesity.

whose mothers are obese

Which of the following U.S. government agencies regulates all domestic and imported food sold in interstate commerce?

Food and Drug Administration

Three days after eating an under cooked hamburger patty at a picnic, Grace experienced intestinal cramps and bloody diarrhea. When Grace became too weak to walk, her roommate took her to the emergency room of a hospital. Grace required treatment for kidney failure. Based on this information, which of the following food-borne pathogens was most likely responsible for Grace's serious illness?

E.coli