Chapters 27-29

What composer was NOT a leader in the development of serialism?

Igor Stravinsky

What instrument is featured in the very opening section of The Rite of Spring?

bassoon

Like Igor Stravinsky, Bartók relied on baroque and classical structures, a trait of ______.

neoclassicism

A style of art that was influenced by technologically underdeveloped cultures was called _________.

primitivism

Select all that apply What types of emotions did expressionist artists seek to portray?

Anger Isolation Conflict Despair

Select all that apply Which descriptions apply to the music of Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring?

Angular melodies Use of Russian folk music Offbeat, savage rhythms and extensive use of percussion

What statement best describes the aims of expressionist art?

Artists sought to depict a person's innermost feelings.

What musical system, developed by Arnold Schoenberg, helped to replace traditional harmony?

serialism

Where did Anton Webern live and work?

Austria

Select all that apply What characteristics are associated with neoclassical music?

Balance and formal structure Influenced by earlier eras including the baroque Use of objectivity and emotional restraint

What was the audience's reaction to the first performance of The Rite of Spring?

Boos, catcalls, and the accusation that Stravinsky had destroyed music as art

Which two composers influenced the early compositions of Schoenberg?

Brahms and Wagner

Select all that apply What qualities summarize Anton Webern's music?

Brevity Clarity

Who was the first major composer to study folk music by making field recordings and using the ideas he gained in his compositions?

Béla Bartók

What culture's folk music inspired much of Bartók's compositions?

Eastern Europe

Why did Bartók emigrate to the United States in 1940?

He emigrated in to avoid the political turmoil cased by Nazi Germany's designs on Hungary.

Select all that apply Which visual artists used primitive style in their works?

Henri Rousseau Paul Gauguin

How can Anton Webern's music be described?

His pieces tend to be very short "miniatures" that only last a minute or two.

Béla Bartók is most closely associated with the culture of which modern-day country?

Hungary

What about Schoenberg's music for Pierrot Lunaire is representative of the style of expressionist music?

It is atonal, very dissonant, and often expresses anxiety or dark emotions.

In Pierrot Lunaire, Schoenberg uses an unusual half-sung, half-spoken vocal technique called ________, which means "speech voice" and was later adopted by other expressionist composers.

sprechstimme

Alban Berg and Anton Webern were ______ of Schoenberg.

students

How does primitivism differ from realism?

Lack of perspective

Select all that apply What characteristics are associated with the primitivist style in art?

Lack of traditional perspective Vivid colors Flat shapes

In what language did Stravinsky set his work, Symphony of Psalms?

Latin

Select all that apply What other composers were influenced by Webern's sparse, serialist music?

Milton Babbitt Pierre Boulez

Stravinksy's opera The Rake's Progress is inspired in many ways by the opera of which composer?

Mozart

What style of early twentieth-century art or music is based on objectivity, balanced formal structure, and emotional restraint?

Neoclassical

Ballet music is often performed in a concert setting, without dancing, in a rearrangement called a ______.

suite

What feature of life was greatly respected and admired by nationalist composers, and often expressed in their works?

Peasant life

Where was Igor Stravinsky born?

Russia

What is the story told in the ballet, The Rite of Spring?

Russian peasants choose a young virgin to dance herself to death so that spring will come out of the death of winter.

Select all that apply What biographical details apply to Igor Stravinsky?

Stravinsky became a successful composer in the United States. Stravinsky adopted neoclassicism later in his career. In his youth, Stravinsky studied with famous Russian composer Rimsky-Korsakov.

What ballet is credited with being the first to effectively combine the classical ballet style of dance with orchestral music of symphonic quality?

Swan Lake

In an effort to avoid Nazi persecution, in 1933 Schoenberg—who was Jewish—emigrated to which country?

The United States

What quality of Webern's music greatly influenced later composers?

The importance of a single note

Select all that apply Which are neoclassical works by Igor Stravinsky?

The oratorio Oedipus Rex Dumbarton Oaks Concerto The opera The Rake's Progress

What invention, first patented in 1877, helped musicians to study and preserve folk music?

The phonograph

In addition to twentieth-century techniques, what style influenced Berg's music in its warmth and lyricism?

The romantic style of late 19th-century composers such as Mahler

Select all that apply What aspects of The Rite of Spring were controversial and shocking to the audience?

The story of the ballet The choreography by Nijinsky The bulky and colorful costumes The primitive rhythms and angular melodies

What feature of music changed most drastically in the expressionist style?

Tonality

What term is used for the specific arrangement of the twelve Western chromatic pitches in a twelve tone composition?

Tone row

Later in his life, where did Schoenberg teach as a faculty member?

University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA)

How did composers such as Chopin, Smetana, and Bartók create a sense of nationalism in their music?

Use of folk melodies

What instrumental group is absent from the orchestra in Stravinsky's work, Symphony of Psalms?

Violins

Expressionism is associated with what major world event?

World War I

What opera, by Alban Berg, makes extensive use of Schoenberg's techniques, such as Sprechstimme and twelve tone technique?

Wozzeck

Because of its very experimental and unusual approach, Schoenberg's Pierrot Lunaire was considered to be a(n) ______ work.

avant-garde