chem unit review

Which commercial technology commonly uses plasmas? a radio a race car a television a microwave oven

television

Which best characterizes a crystal? a number of high speed particles moving randomly a dense substance that is hard and incompressible a high-energy state of matter made up of a swirling, ionized gas a loose association of particles moving past one another

a dense substance that is hard and incompressible

Why do amorphous solids not have a long-range order in the arrangement of their particles? Their formation involves very rapid cooling. They do not have enough particles. Their particles eventually change positions. Their particles always stay in the same positions

Their formation involves very rapid cooling.

The diagrams show the particles of a substance. Which statement best describes the process that the diagrams show? A solid loses kinetic energy to become a liquid and then becomes a gas. A solid gains kinetic energy to become a liquid and then becomes a gas. A gas loses kinetic energy to become a liquid and then becomes a solid. A gas gains kinetic energy to become a liquid and then becomes a solid.

A solid gains kinetic energy to become a liquid and then becomes a gas.

Which is a postulate of the kinetic-molecular theory? Gas particles have a small volume relative to the spaces between them. Gas particles have a large volume relative to the spaces between them. Gas particles are very small in size and always move slowly. Gas particles are very large in size and always move slowly.

Gas particles have a small volume relative to the spaces between them.

Which is an aspect of the kinetic-molecular theory and can be used to explain the compressibility of plasmas? Particles move independently of one another and are widely spaced. Particle kinetic energy increases with increasing temperature. Particles exert no attractive or repulsive force on one another. Particles always move even when they have fixed positions.

Particles move independently of one another and are widely spaced.

Which statement best compares the melting point of butane (C4H10) with that of octane (C8H18)? The melting points of both substances are identical. The melting point is lower for the substance that has stronger attractive forces. The melting point is higher for the substance that has stronger intermolecular forces. The melting point is not dependent on intermolecular forces.

The melting point is higher for the substance that has stronger intermolecular forces.

Which statement describes a limitation of the kinetic-molecular theory for a gas? The theory assumes that particles do not experience intermolecular forces. The theory states that pressure is inversely proportional to volume. The theory assumes that particles are in random and continuous motion. The theory states that pressure increases with temperature.

The theory assumes that particles do not experience intermolecular forces.

According to the kinetic-molecular theory, what happens to a liquid when it is transferred from one container to another? The volume and the shape stay the same. The volume increases to fill the new container, but the shape stays the same. The volume stays the same, but the shape changes to fit the new container. The volume and the shape change to fill the new container.

The volume stays the same, but the shape changes to fit the new container.

The diagrams show gases that are stored in two separate but similar containers. mc014-1.jpg If both gases are at the same temperature, which one has the greater pressure? gas 1 because the particles are moving much faster gas 1 because it has fewer particles that are close together gas 2 because it has more particles that are colliding gas 2 because the particles have more space between them

gas 2 because it has more particles that are colliding

When the process of condensation occurs, the kinetic energy of particles is insufficient to overcome intermolecular forces. becomes independent of temperature. becomes exactly equal to the intermolecular forces. easily overcomes the intermolecular forces.

is insufficient to overcome intermolecular forces.

Which sequence represents the relationship between pressure and volume of an ideal gas as explained by the kinetic-molecular theory? more gas particles > more collisions > higher pressure smaller volume >crowded particles > less collisions> lower pressure smaller volume > crowded particles > more collisions > higher pressure more gas particles > more kinetic energy > more volume > higher pressure

smaller volume > crowded particles > more collisions > higher pressure