Chemistry ch. 1Matter and Change
what doesn't change the amount of metter present
a chemical change
what is a change in which a substance is converted into a differnt substance
a chemical change
what is the same thing as a chemical reaction
a chemical change
what is a reaction that uses up energy
a endothermic reaction
what is a reaction that gives off energy
a exothermic reaction
what has a indefinite shape
a liquid and a gas
what is a blend of 2 or more types of matter
a mixture
what has a definite shape
a solid
what are chemicals
any substance with definite composition
matter
anything that has mass and volume
some nonmetals are solid, but the are usually what
brittle
how are elements organized
by properties on the periodic table
what is when a machine that spins quickly so that components with different densities will separate
centrifuge
chemist use______ to tell substances apart and to seperate them
characteristic properties
every sample of a pure substance has the same
characteristic properties and composition
groups have a similar what
chemical property
What do chemists work with
chemicals
what is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes
chemistry
what has parts that fall under both physical and biological science
chemisty
how doe periods' properties change
consistently across a period
what is when liquid is poered off after a solid has settled to the bottom
decanting
what are some examples of the intensive propertie
density, boiling point, ability to conduct
different grades of chemicals are used for what
different purposes
what does it meant if it can be made into wire
ductile
what is never destroyed or created
energy
when change occurs, what is involved
energy
what is another name for groups
families
what is when solid parts are trapped by fillter paper and the liquid part runs through the paper
filtration
what are some ways for physical separation
filtration, vaporization, decanting, centrifuge, and paper chromatography
what are some examples of physical changes
grinding, cutting, boiling
soil, concrete, blood, and choclolate chip cookies are all examples of what
heterogeneous mixtures
what mixture has visible parts and no uniform compositon
heterogeneous mixtures
a wgat has no visible parts and is unifrom in composition
homogeneous mixtures
vinegar, clear water and salt water are all examples of what
homogeneous mixtures
are periods horziontal or verticle columns or rows
horizontal rows
all chemicals have some level of what
impurity
when are atoms far apart
in a gas
when do atoms have a pretty weak attractive force
in a gas
when do atoms move very quickly
in a gas
when are atoms close
in a liquid
when can atoms overcome attractive forces to flow
in a liquid
when are atoms packed together in a fixed position
in a solid
when is their a strong attractive force between atoms
in a solid
what has a definite volume
in a solid, liquid, and gas
many sciences are very what
interrelated
what does it mean to have high tensile strength
it can resist breakage when pulled
what are the two rows below the periodic table called
lanthanide and actinide series
each square on the periodic table shows whe name and what
letter symbol for each element
what does it mean if it can be rolled or hammed into sheets
malleable
what is it called when a solid goes to a liquid and vice versa
melting and freezing
what element is a semiconductor
metalloids
what element is less malleable then metals, but less brittle than nonmetals
metalloids
what element is solid at room temperature
metalloids
what is an element that has some characteristics of both metal and nonmetals
metalloids
what element has a silvery or grayish white luster
metals
what is an element that at room temperature, most are solid
metals
what is an element that is a good conducter of electricity
metals
in mixtures, components are only physically what
mixed
what element is generally unreactive gases
noble gases
what element has poor conductory of heat and electricity
nonmetals
what element may be gases to room temperature
nonmetals
what are pure substances made of
one type of a element or compunds
what are the branches of chemistry
organic, inorganic, physical, analytical, biochemistry, and theoretical
what is used to separate mixtures becasue doffernt parts move quicker on paper than other
paper chromatography
science used to divided iinto strit categories. what were they
physical and biological
what are the types of properties
physical and chemical and extensive and intensive
what includes all chages of state
physical changes
what is a change in a substance that doesn't change the identity of the substance
physical changes
what is hign in temperature in which atoms lose their electrons
plasma
what is the substance that will form from a reaction
product
chemicals in the lab are treated as what
pure
elements are _____ substances
pure
element
pure substances made of only one type of atom
what is the substance that will react
reactants
what are some examples of the chemical property
rusting, combustion, tarnishing, and hardening
atom
smallest unit of an element that keeps the properties of the element
what is another name for homogeneuous mixtures
solution
what is it called when a solid goes to a gas and vice versa
sublimation
some certain properties define a group of what
substances
compound
substances made of 2 or more types of atoms that are chemicaly bonded
what are some examples of the physical property
temperature, color, melting point, amount, odor
what is physical chemistry
the study of changes of matter and their energy
what is analytical chemistry
the study of composition of materials
what is organic chemistry
the study of compounds contaninig carbon
what is inorganic chemistry
the study of compounds that aren't organic
what is biochemistry
the study of substances and the processes in living things
what is an example of a plasma
the sun
what is theoretical chemistry
the use of math and computers to inderstand chamical behaviors and design new compounds
how can a mixture be seperated
through physical means
why do chemists use instruments
to improve their ability to observe and make measurments
why are the lanthanide and actinide series at the bottom of the periodic table
to keep the width of the chart smaller
molecule
type of compound in which bonds are covalent bonds
technological development
type of research done to improve quality of life
basic research
type of research done to increase knowledge
applied research
type of research done to solve a problem
what do element symbls relate to
usually the english name, but some come form older names such as latin
what is where the liquid portion is evaportaed off to leave a solid
vaporization
what is it called whe a liquid goes to a gas and vice versa
vaporization and condensation
are groups horziontal or verticle columns or rows
verticle columns
what are some examples of the extensive propertie
volume, mass, amount of energy
physical property
what are characteristics that can be observed or measured without chaging the identity of a substance
extensive
what depends on the amount of matter
intensive
what does not depend on the amount of matter
technology
what is the application of knowledge for practical purposes
chemical property
what relates to a substances ability to undergi chages that transforms it into a different substance
during the reaction
when is chemical chages easiest to see
where do the lanthanide and actinide series fit
#57 and #89
what are groups numbered
1 -18
what are periods numbered
1-7
how many branches of chemisty are their
6
