Chemistry Ch. 3 Practice questions
A molecular compound could contain which of the following atoms?
C N H Cl Molecular compounds only contain nonmetals.
Which of the following are physical properties of molecular compounds?
- They can be solids at room temperature - They can be gases at room temperature - They can be liquids at room temperature
The compound KBr is an electrolyte. This compound __________
- Will dissolve in water to produce K+ and Br- ions - Produces a solution that will complete a circuit and light a bulb
Describe the process of naming acids that do not contain polyatomic ions. Write your answers in order with the first at the top and the last at the bottom.
1 Write the prefix hydro- 2 Write the stem name of the nonhydrogen element in the acid 3 Write the suffix -ic 4 Add the word acid
Which of the compounds below are molecular compounds?
CH₄ HC₂H₃O₂ CO₂
Which of the following are general characteristics of molecular compounds?
Create nonelectrolytic solutions Contain only nonmetals Molecular compounds behave as a bonded unit and do not break up in water.
Which of the metals below can form cations with multiple charges?
Cu Mn
A substance that releases ions in solution when dissolved in water is called a(n) _____. This solution _____ conduct electricity.
Electrolyte will
Whic of the compounds below is a base?
Fe(OH)₂ CsOH LiOH
Which statements below match the information given in the formula C₅O₂?
One molecule of the compound contains five carbon atoms One molecule of the compound contains two oxygen atoms
What is the name of the K⁺ cation?
Potassium ion The ions of metals are cations and are named with the element name followed by the word ion. The name of the element is not altered. The ion of potassium is called a potassium ion.
What pieces of information about a binary molecular compound are contained in its formula?
Subscripts that show the number of atoms of each element present The symbol of each element in the compound
Which of the following are general characteristics of ionic compounds?
The compound contains metals and nonmetals Also contain anionic or cationic polyatomici ions The compound has an overall charge of zero The compound contains anions and cations
What occurs when a molecular solid dissolves in water?
The solid breaks into molecules that interact with water The interaction between molecules is broken when a molecular solid dissolves. The solid does not decompose, the atoms within each molecule remain covalently bonded.
Which of the following are physical properties of molecular compounds?
They can be gases liquids solids
The symbol for the iodide ion has the following characteristics:
a charge of 1- a capital letter "I"
Polyatomic ions are ions that contain two or more
atoms
Ionic solids have very distinct properties due to their ordered crystal lattice. They have very _______ melting points and the solids are very ______.
high hard
Nonelectrolyte solutions contain ______ compounds. These compounds ______ dissociate into ions when dissolvedin water.
molecular will not
A bulb connected to a battery through a solution of ethanol (CH3CH2OH) does not light up, ethanol is a ______ electrolyte A bulb connected through a solution of calcium chloride (CaCl)2 lights up brightly, calcium chloride is a ____ electrolyte.
non strong
A base is a substance that _______
reacts with acid to produce water
The compound MgCl₂ will be a (solid/liquid/gas) __________ at room temperature because it is a(n) (ionic/molecular) __________ compound.
solid ionic
A formula unit is _____
the smallest repeating unit in an ionic crystal lattice
An ionic compound contains the following:
- A negatively charged anion - A positively charged cation - A balance of positive and negative charges
Which of the following are general characteristics of ionic compounds?
-The compound contains anions and cations. - The compound has an overall charge of zero -The compound contains metals and nonmetals - Ionic compounds can also contain anionic or cationic polyatomic ions
Summarize the rules for naming ionic compounds containing metals that can have multiple charges by placing the items below in order with the first step at the top and last at the bottom.
1 Identify the cation and the anion 2 Write the name of the metal 3 Write a Roman numeral in parentheses with the value of the numeral equal to the charge 4 Write the base name for the nonmetal anion with the -ide ending or the name of the polyatomic anion
Arrange the statemnets below to describe the process of naming the compound with the formula Co(CH₃CO₂). Place the first step at the top and the last at the bottom.
1 Identify the cation as cobalt and the anion as acetate. 2 Identify the charge of acetate as -1(CH₃CO₂). 3 Write the name of the cation cobalt and determine its charge as 3+. 4 Write the Roman numeral III in parentheses. 5. Write the name of the anion acetate.
Describe the process of naming an acid that contains a polyatomic ion. Write your answer in order with the first at the top and the last at the bottom.
1 Identify the polyatomic ion in the acid formula. 2 Write the base name of the polyatomic ion. 3 Write the suffix -ic if the polyatomic ion ends in -ate or -ous if the polyatomic ion ends in -ite. 4 Write the word acid
Arrange the statements from top to bottom to describe general process for naming binary molecular compounds when given the formula.
1 Write the name of the element that is the farthest to the left and nearest to the bottom of the periodic table. 2 Add a Greek prefix that matches the subscript in the formula for the element if there is more than one atom present. 3 Write the root name of the second element present 4 Add an -ide to the root name of the element. 5 Add a Greek prefix that matches the subscript in the formula of the element reading in -ide.
Match the element with the charge on the ion it will form in an ionic compound.
2+ ---> Magnesium 1+ ---> Cesium 1- ----> Bromine 2- ----> Selenium Explanation: Magnesium is an alkaline earth metal (group IIA ) and forms 2+ ions Cesium is an alkali metal (group IA) and forms 1+ ions Bromine is a halogen (group VIIA) and forms 1- ions Selenium is a group VIA element and forms 2- ions
Match the number with the greek prefix for this value
5 penta- 1 mono- 4 tetra- 7 hepta- 8 octa-
In the solid form, the cesium and chloride ions that make up cesium chloride (CsCl) exist as _____
A Cs⁺ and Cl⁻ lattice
An ionic compound contains the following:
A balance of positive and negative charges A negatively charged anion A positively charged cation
A substance that ionizes to produce H+ ions when dissolved in water is called a(n) _____ ?
Acid
What is the formula for the compound containing barium and fluoride ions?
BaF₂ The total positive charge on Ba²⁺ equals the total negative charge on two F ions
True or False Ionic compounds contain a combination of oppositely charged cations and anions in a specific ratio to produce a compound with a given whole-number charge.
False Ionic compounds do contain cations and anions in a ration of these components that gives an overall neutral (zero) charge.
Which of the following compounds are acids?
HCN HF
Which of the compounds below are molecular compounds?
HC₂H₃O₂ CH₄ CO₂
What is the name of the acid containing only hydrogen and bromine?
Hydrobromic acid
Select the properly written formulas for ionic compounds from the list below.
Kl Mg₃(PO₄)₂
Choose the monoatomic cations from the list below.
Li⁺ Ca2⁺ -Lithium ion is a monoatomic ion with a 1+ charge -Calcium ion is a monoatomic cation with a 2+ charge. Monoatomic cations have charges of different values.
Which of the following formulas gives the formula of the ionic compound formed between ammonium and fluoride ions?
NH₄F
Match the description of the ionic compound with the formula of a compound that matches it.
NaBr ---> Contains monoatomic anion and cation (NH₄)₂S --> Contains a polyatomic cation with a monoatomic anion (NH₄)₂PO₄ --> Contains a polyatomic anion and polyatomic cation ZnCO₃ --> Contains a metal cation with a polyatomic anion
Match the formula with its proper chemical name.
NaBr ---> sodium bromide NaBrO₃ --> sodium bromate NaBrO₂ --> sodium bromite NaBrO₄ --> sodium perbromate
What is the total number of ions (number of cations plus number of anions) in the compound Mg(OH)₂?
Three ions There is one Mg²⁺ ion plus two OH⁻ ions for a total os three.