Chemistry Chapter 12.3

Rubber is a crystalline solid because its particles are not arranged in a regular, repeating pattern.

False (a crystalline > an amorphous)

The viscosity of a liquid increases with the temperature because the increased average kinetic energy of the particle makes it easier for the particles to flow.

False (increases > decreases)

A liquid is less fluid than a gas because intramolecular attractions interfere with the ability of particles to flow past one another.

False (intramolecular > intermolecular)

Most solids are less dense than liquids because the particles in a solid are more closely packed than those in a liquid.

False (less > more)

Liquids are not easily compressed because their particles are loosely packed.

False (loosely > tightly)

A liquid that rises in a narrow glass tube shows that the adhesive forces between the particles of the liquid and glass are greater than the cohesive forces between the particles of the liquid.

True

At room temperature and one atmosphere of air pressure, the density of a liquid is much greater than that of its vapor.

True

Liquids that can form hydrogen bonds generally have high surface tension.

True

Liquids that have stronger intermolecular forces have higher viscosities than do liquids with weaker intermolecular forces.

True

Solids have a definite shape and volume because the motion of their particles is limited to vibrations around fixed locations.

True

The constant motion of the particles in a liquid causes the liquid to take the shape of its container.

True

an element, such as carbon, that exists in different forms at the same state

allotrope

the particles are not arranged in a regular repeating patter

amorphous solid

a solid whose atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in an orderly, geometric structure

crystalline solid

the curved surface of a column of liquid

meniscus

the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid by a given amount

surface tension

compounds that lower the surface tension of water (also called surface-active agents)

surfactant

the smallest arrangement of atoms in a crystal lattice that has the same symmetry as the whole crystal

unit cell

a measure of the resistance of a liquid to flow

viscosity