Chemistry Chapter 5 Electromagnetic Radiation

Which of the following is the correct electron configuration for nitrogen? 1s 2s2 3p3 1s 22s 22p 3 1s 22s 21p 3 1s 22s 22p 4

1s 2s2 3p3

What is the lowest energy level

1s or n=1

Which element has three electrons in the 3p sublevel

P

How many electrons are in the 3p sublevel for phosphorous?

Phosphorous has 3 electrons in its 3p sublevel

Which orbitals can be modeled as dumbbell shaped?

p orbitals

Arrange the following elements in order of decreasing ionization energy (high to low): germanium strontium phosphorus silver molybdenum

phosphorus germanium silver molybdenum strontium

What is similar and what is different about the valence electrons of the elements in a group? 1)approximately the same distance from the valence electrons to the nucleus. As you go down the group, the number of valence electrons increases. 2)the same number of valence electrons. As you go down the group, the valence electrons are closer to the nucleus. 3)approximately the same distance from the valence electrons to the nucleus. As you go down the group, the number of valence electrons decreases.the same number of valence electrons. 4)As you go down the group, the valence electrons are farther from the nucleus.

(4) For a group of representative elements, the size of the atom increases going from top to bottom due to the increased distance between the nucleus and the valence electrons occupying the outermost, highest energy level. The elements in a group all have the same number of valence electrons, which explains why elements in the same group often have common characteristics and reactivity.

Indicate the number of valence electrons in each of the following: B, Al, Ga, In, and Tl As O, S, Se, Te, and Po group 4A

3 5 6 4

Which of the following orbitals are possible in an atom: 3s 2s, 5s or 3f?

3s, 2s & 5s

Which of the following orbitals are possible in an atom: 4d, 1p, 3g, and 5d?

4d & 5d

How many valence electrons does oxygen have?

6 valence electrons

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 Express your answer as a chemical symbol.

Ar

Select the element in each pair with the higher ionization energy: S or Ar Na or Cl Na or Rb N or Ne

Ar Cl Na Ne

Select the larger atom in each pair: Kr or As As or P Se or Rb Se or Ca

As As Rb Ca

Indicate if the following abbreviated orbital diagrams are possible or not. Which element does the correct one represent?

Bottom one because typically, lower-energy orbitals are first filled before placing electrons in higher-energy orbitals, with the exception of CrCr and CuCu. With CrCr, the valence electrons are close to being a half-filled sublevel. Thus, there is only one electron in the 4s sublevel and five electrons in the 3d sublevel to give more stability throughout the half-filled d sublevel. It is Cr.

sublevel

Contains all the orbitals of a given shape and electrons with identical energy (s,p,d,f blocks).

Arrange the following elements in order of decreasing metallic character (high to low): Cl Cs Sr Rh Se Mo As Cd

Cs Sr Mo Rh Cd As Se Cl

Which orbitals can be modeled as 4 leaf clovers

D orbitals

Orbital diagram

Explains where the electrons are

[He]2s2 2p5 Express your answer as a chemical symbol.

F

their shapes are even more complex than s, p, or d orbitals; can hold a total of 14 electrons in 7 sub-shells

F block

Which element has one electron in the 4s sublevel

K

Arrange the following elements in order of decreasing atomic size (largest to smallest): P Al Ar Cl K

K Al P Cl Ar

How many electrons are in the 6p sublevel for lead?

Lead has 2 electrons in its 6p sublevel.

How many electrons are in the 3s sublevel for magnesium?

Magnesium has 2 electrons in its 3s sublevel.

How many electrons are in the 3d sublevel for manganese?

Manganese has 5 electrons in its 3d sublevel.

Which element fits the following description: an element that has 2 electrons in the n = 3 energy level?

Mg (Magnesium)

Which element has three 2p electrons

N

Rank the following elements by atomic radius from largest to smallest: Al Si Ar Na Cl

Na Al Si Cl Ar In general, as you move left to right across a period, atomic radius decreases.

Place the following in order of increasing metallic character (smallest to largest): Li, O, B, Ne

Ne, O, B, Li

Express your answer as a chemical symbol. 1s2 2s2 2p4

O

Which of the following atoms has the largest atomic radius?

Rb (atomic size increases going down and from right to left)

Which orbitals are spherical

S orbitals

[Ne]3s2 3p2 Express your answer as a chemical symbol.

Si

Which element completes the 5s sublevel

Sr

Rank the following atoms by most to fewest valence electrons: In K Br Xe As

Xe Br As In K The number of valence electrons increases within a period from left to right for the main group elements.

Enter an abbreviated electron configuration for arsenic: Express your answer in complete form, in order of increasing energy.

[Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p3

Enter an abbreviated electron configuration for beryllium: Express your answer in complete form, in order of increasing energy.

[He] 2s2

Enter an abbreviated electron configuration for sodium: Express your answer in complete form, in order of increasing energy

[Ne] 3s1

Enter an abbreviated electron configuration for phosphorus: Express your answer in complete form, in order of increasing energy.

[Ne] 3s2 3p3

An _________ contains all the electrons with similar energy.

energy level

What do periods represent?

energy levels

An ________ is the region around the nucleus where electrons of a certain energy are most likely to be found.

orbital

Which block of the periodic table has six elements in each period?

p block

orbitals

regions around the nucleus in which given electron or electron pair is likely to be found (1,2,3 etc).

energy level

specific energy of each electron (n=1,n=2,n=3) and contains electrons of similar energy.

Pauli exclusion principle

states that a maximum of two electrons can occupy a single atomic orbital but only if the electrons have opposite spins

A ________ contains all the electrons with the same energy.

sublevel