Chemistry Final

The mass of a molecule is found by

adding the masses of all the atoms in a the molecule

what is the apparent charge on the chlorine ago in the molecule HCI

-1

What is the empirical formula for C3H6O3

...

An element that has the electron configuration of [Ne] 3s2 3p5 is in period

3

What is the percentage of iron in iron (III) chloride, FeCl3? The molar mass of FeCl3 is 162.2 g/mol

34.43%

One mole of potassium atoms has a mass of

39.10 g

In a crystal of sodium chloride, how many oppositely- charged ions does each Na and Cl ions have clustered around it

6

An element that is [Ne] 3s2 3p5 is in group

7

How many total moles of atoms are there in one mole of silver (I) phosphate, Ag3PO4

8

What is the correct formula for zinc hydroxide, Zn(OH)2

99.41 amu

What is the empirical formula for benzene, C6H6

C3H3

Formula for copper(II) carbonate

CuCO3

One of the least electronegative elements would be found on the periodic table in

Group 1, Period 7

An element with the smallest anionic radius would be found on the periodic table in

Group 17, Period 2

Nonmetallic elements in group 17 that react with most metals form

Halogens

statement that no two electrons in the same atom can have the same four quantum numbers is a restatement of

Hunds rule

what is the molecular formula for the compound with an empirical formula for NO2, and a formula mass of 92.02 amu

N2O4

What is the empirical formula for a compound that contains 1.18 mol Na, 1.18 mol N, and 3.53 mol O

NaNo3

formula for sodium hydroxide

NaOH

Formula for tin (IV) Sulfide

SnS2

the arrangement of valence electrons in a metallic bond is best described as

a sea of free-moving electrons

A Covalent bond consists of

a shared electron pair

Because strong attractive forces hold the layers in an ionic crystal in relatively fixed positions, ionic compounds

are hard, brittle, and not electrical conductors as solids

The salts NaCl(s) and CaCl2(s)

are held together by ionic bonds

Atoms seldom exist as independent particles in nature because

atoms are more stable when they combine with other atoms

NaCl is

both an empirical formula and a chemical formula

Metals are malleable because when struck, one plane of metal atoms

can slide past another plane without breaking bonds

Across a periodic table, atoms radii

decreases

You can estimate the degree to which a bond between two atoms is ionic or covalent by calculating the

difference in the atoms electronegative

Chemical bonding in metals is

different from ionic or covalent bonding

The measure of an atoms ability to attract electrons is its

electronegativity

The smallest whole number ratio of atoms of each element, com pined in the simplest unit of a chemical compound is known as

empirical formula

Measure of Metallic bond strength

enthalpy of vaporization

For any molecule, formula unit, or ion, the sum of the adverse atomic masses of all the atoms represented in a formula are

formula mass

The atomic radius of an atom that is chemically bonded to an identical atom is equal to

half the distance between the nuclei

Compared with solid ionic compounds, solid molecular compounds generally

have lower melting points

Atoms with a strong attraction for electrons they share with another atoms exhibit

high electronegativity

If two covalently bonded atoms move close than a distance of the bond length, the potential energy of the atoms

increase

down a periodic table atomic radii

increases

2.0-3.3

ionic

Ionic bonds form as a result of electrostatic attraction between

ions

name for Fe(NO2)3

iron (III) nitrate

A compounds molar mass is numerically equal to

its formula mass

What is the empirical formula for a compound that contains 83.01% K and 16.98% O by mass

k5O

An ionic compound is not represented by a molecular formula because an ionic compound

lacks molecules

The energy released when one mole of an ionic crystalline solid is formed from ions in the gas state is known as

lattice energy

Result of Visible light absorbed by metal

light at a frequency similar to the absorbed frequency is emitted

compared with the energies of neutral atoms that form the ions, a crystal lattice has

lower potential energy

name for Mg(ClO4)2

magnesium perchlorate

Separating unpaired electrons into as many orbitals as possible

minimizes the repulsion between electrons

Which statement shows how to correctly convert from the mass of a compound in grams to the amount of that compound in moles.

molar mass X 1/mass = amount (moles)

The Valance electrons in a metallic bond

move freely throughout the network of metal atoms

If two covalently bonded atoms are identical the bond is identified as

non polar covalent

Atoms that are bonded with an electronegativity difference of 0 to 0.3 are generally considered to be

nonpolar- covalent compounds

The chemical bond between atoms results from the attraction between the valence electrons and

nuclei

In a double covalent bond

one atom loses a pair of electrons

Within a metal, the vacant orbitals in the atoms' outer energy levels

overlap

0.4-1.9

polar covalent

A charged group of covalently bonded atoms is known as

polyatomic

When an atom completely gives up its valence electrons to another atom, they form a bond that is considered to be

purely ionic

The arrangement of ions in a crystal structure and the strengths of the attractions between them vary with the

sizes of the ions, charges of ions, numbers of ions of dif. charges.

What is responsible for the good electrical conductivity of metals

the ability of electrons to move freely about the crystal structure

Some ionic compounds do not dissolve in water because

the attractions between the water molecules and the ions are not as strong as the attractions between the ions

What other information do you need in order to determine the molecular formula from the empirical formula of a compound

the number of moles in a compound

The percentage composition of a compound

the percentage by mass of each element in the compound

Bond length between two bonded atoms is

the separation at which their potential energy is minimum

An element found in groups 3-12 of the periodic table are classified as

transition metals

An electron that is in the highest energy level of an atom and determines the atoms chemical properties

valance electrons

Elements in group 18 have

very low reactivity