Chemistry in Context Ch. 2: The Air We Breathe

The EPA limit for CO is 9 ppm. Express this number as a percentage. 0.09 percent 9 percent 0.0009 percent 90 percent

0.0009 percent

Balance the following chemical equation: N2 + O2 ⟶ NO2 , by giving the correct coefficients for the N2, O2 and NO2 respectively. 1, 2, 2 1, 1, 1 1, 2, 1 2, 2, 2,

1, 2, 2

The Air Quality Index (AQI) is scaled from ___ - ___ . 1-500 0-100 1-100 good--really bad

1-500

How would you express .002 molecules of CO2 per hundred molecules of air as a concentration? -20 parts per hundred thousand -20 parts per million -2 parts per thousand -2 parts per million

20 parts per million

A particular sample of air is 2.5 percent water vapor. Express the concentration of water vapor in parts per million (ppm). 250 ppm 0.025 ppm 0.0000025 ppm 25000 ppm

25000 ppm

If 500 mL of air contains 2 × 1022 particles (atoms and molecules), how many particles do you inhale in one day if you breathe 15000 L of air? 6 × 10^26 2 × 10^22 5 × 10^24 1.2 × 10^27

6 × 1026

Which of the following are examples of technological advances that have reduced air pollution? (More than one choice may be appropriate.) A) Paint with reduced VOCs B) Catalytic converters C) Burning gasoline in leaf blowers D) Low sulfur diesel fuels

A, B, and D

An inversion layer happens when a certain weather pattern traps cooler air near the surface of the earth with a warmer air mass above it. Why is this a problem? -Excess precipitation could cause flooding -Heatwaves can occur -The cold air increases the chance for snowstorms -Air pollution concentrates in the inversion layer

Air pollution concentrates in the inversion layer

Combustion of a hydrocarbon with ample oxygen should yield what products? CO2 & H2O CH4 CO C6H12O6

CO2 and H2O

What is the chemical formula for carbon disulfide? CS2 C2H6 H2SO4 CH4

CS2

What is the greatest source of indoor air pollution in developing countries? Paint Cookstoves Automobiles Unvented space heaters

Cookstoves

Which is NOT a common part of the mixture we call air? Helium Argon Nitrogen Oxygen

Helium

Which color, as used in the Air Quality Index, warns that the level of a pollutant is hazardous, the most dangerous level? Yellow Orange Maroon Green

Maroon

Based on its name, which carbon compound contains the fewest carbon atoms? Propyl alcohol Ethanol Chlorobutane Methane

Methane

What is the primary component of an exhaled breath? H2O O2 CO2 N2

N2

Which substance is not considered to be an air pollutant? SO2 NO2 N2 O3

N2

The chemical formula for nitrogen monoxide is... NO N2O3 N2O NO2

NO

Which component of the air is an element? NO2 O2 H2O CO2

O2

Which of the following pollutants can form acids in the moist tissue of your lungs? Mark all that are correct. SO2 particulate matter CO O3 NOx

SO2 AND NOx

Even though the concentration of air pollution has gone down over time, people in some metropolitan areas still breath are that contains unhealthy levels of pollutants. True False

True

Which chemical components are given off in car exhaust? CO2 H2O NOx all of these choices are correct

all of these choices are correct

The name of the compound formed by combining carbon atoms O with oxygen atoms 0 to form 0O0 is... -carbon oxide -carbonate -carbon dioxide -monocarbon dioxide

carbon dioxide

What is the correct name for the following molecular compound: CCl4? -monocarbon tetrachloride -carbon tetrachlorine -carbon tetrachloride -carbon chloride

carbon tetrachloride

A(n) _________ always contains carbon, almost always contains hydrogen and may contain other elements such as oxygen and nitrogen. -organic compound -GMO -inorganic compound -air pollutant

organic compound

What is the name of a simple hydrocarbon containing 5 carbon atoms and 12 hydrogen atoms? butane pentane hexane pentacarbon dodecahydride

pentane

The risks presented by air pollutants are a function of what thing(s)? Select all that are correct toxicity exposure location flammability

toxicity AND exposure

The lowest (or closest to the ground) layer of our atmosphere is the... troposphere stratosphere mesosphere ozone layer

troposphere

Of five major gaseous components of air, which is the only one to vary significantly in concentration from place to place and from day to day? water vapor argon nitrogen carbon dioxide

water vapor

There are approximately 2 × 1022 molecules and atoms in each breath we take and the concentration of CO in the air is approximately 9 parts per million. Approximately how many CO molecules are in each breath we take? 2 × 10^29 1.8 × 10^17 2 × 10^15 2 × 10^16

1.8 × 1017

Choose the proper coefficients for each substance to yield a balanced equation. __O + __00 --> __O0 1, 1, 2 1, 1, 1 2, 1, 2 2, 1, 1

2, 1, 2