Child Development - Chapter 12 (Intellectual Development from 1 to 3)
definition of imitation
Learning by watching and copying others. Both skills and attitude are things learned from imitation
imagination
a child being able to connect what they see and hear with themselves
definition of intelligence
ability to interpret and understand everyday situations, use prior experiences in new situations
11
age at which Piaget said people become capable of abstract thinking
3
age when a child can pick out the middle-sized ball from three possiblities
2
age when children move from the sensorimotor period of learning to the preoperational period
being able read in a loud cafeteria requires this intellectual activity
attention
5
average age at which a child begins to understand today, tomorrow and yesterday
definition of attention
being able to focus on something and ignore distraction or block out other sensory input
directed learning
being taught by parents, caregivers, older siblings and teachers; occurs in schools and in the home
what is alive and time
concepts that are learned later on
Piaget's stage of learning where children begin to use logic in their thinking
concrete operations
a child took apart a toy car to see why the wheel was not turning, which intellectual activity is being demonstrated
curiosity
ignoring a child's questions has this effect
decreasing opportunities for learning
environment influences intelligence by doing this
developing or stifling a person's potential
being shown how to hit a ball with a bat by your big brother is this method of learning
directed learning
one of the most important preliminary skills needed for reading readiness
enjoying books
the last of Piaget's four periods of learning
formal operations
if my four-year old can't put their own jacket on, I may have done this
helped them too much, for too long
intelligence is shaped by these
heredity and environment
definition of perception
information received through the senses
unstructured
lacking formal organization or instructions
trial and error learning
learning that takes place when a child tries several solutions to find one that works
reading readiness
letter recognition, understanding that letters of the alphabet combine to form words on a page, also includes children's interest and excitement about books and reading
heredity influences intelligence by providing this
limits
when a 3-year-old makes up a story, he/she is not doing this
lying
sizes, shapes, amount, and proportions
math concepts that can be part of everyday experiences even before starting school
strong emotional impact improves this area of intellectual activity
memory
creativity
mental ability that involves using the imagination to produce original ideas
this results from a child's broad generalizations when first learning concepts
misconceptions
neuroscience
modern studies of the human brain, how it develops and functions
math readiness
number recognition and also a child's interest in learning math
which of the seven areas of intellectual activity is present at birth
perception
allowing a child to decide which book he would like to read before bed encourages this intellectual activity
reasoning
perception is related most strongly to which of Piaget's stages of learning
sensorimotor
definition of reasoning
simple problem solving skills, the ability to make decisions and form concepts
definition of memory
storing information in the brain for either a short period of time or long term, being able to recall information
articulation
the ability to use clear, distinct speech, to pronounce vowels and consonants appropriately
another way to describe intelligence
the capacity to learn
elicit
to encourage
decipher
to interpret or figure out
stifle
to suppress or inhibit something
physically trying to fit a square block into each hole of shape fitter toy until it fits is which method of learning
trial and error
incidental learning
unplanned learning that happens naturally through exploration
stuttering
when a person speaks with sporadic (occasional) repetition or prolonged sounds
