Child Development EXAM 1
(Broadest section) Communicating a message, expressing ideas
Communication
The process of rapidly learning a new word simply from the contrastive use of a familiar word and an unfamiliar word
Fast Mapping
How can you determine a true language impairment? (Bilingualism)
It will be evident in both languages
Conventional Symbols- what are the commonly agreed upon symbols for a certain object?
Language
Rules governing PRODUCTION of MORPHEMES
Morphology
Rules governing PRODUCTION of SPEECH SOUNDS and SOUND COMBINATIONS
Phonology
Language USE consists of:
Pragmatics
Rules governing the use of LANGUAGE and COMMUNICATION
Pragmatics
Language CONTENT consists of:
Semantics
Rules governing SYMBOLS and SYMBOL MEANING
Semantics
______________________ Bilingualism starts at a later period in life
Sequential
_____________________ Bilingualism starts at a very early age
Simultaneous
Spokesperson for Learning language theory was?
Skinner
A form of expression
Speech
If L1 proficiency is lost, this is known as what?
Subtractive Bilingualism
Rules governing the COMBINATION of words/morphemes into PHRASES and SENTENCES
Syntax
Spokesperson for the Interactionist language theory was?
Vygotsky
Syntactic Ambiguity
When a sentence could be translated multiple ways (Ex: The teacher told us about the test on Monday)
Child's ability to connect new words to familiar words so rapidly that they can't be considering all meanings for new word
Word Comprehension
The Interactionist language theory believed what?
-Biological -Children want to communicate biologically so they can socialize, so they try to
The Learning language theory believed what?
-Language is acquired through reinforcement -DOESN'T explain how children say words they've never heard before
Language FORM consists of what three things?
-Syntax -Morphology -Phonology
The Nativist/Innatist language theory believed what?
-There is a language acquisition device (LAD) in our brains -There is a critical period for language- LAD only operates during that critical period
What age does child have emerging two word combinations, emerging question use, and repeat words they overhear?
1-2 years old (Toddler)
What age does child point to objects or pictures, follow simple directions, identify body parts, and listen to simple stories?
1-2 years old (Toddler)
By 18 months old, babies UNDERSTAND up to ____________ words
200
By 23 months old, babies USE about __________ words
200
What age does child understand "wh" questions, follow multi-step directions, combine 4+ words, and relay personal stories?
3-4 years old (Preschool)
Once vocab reaches 50 words, they start to learn/used ______ - ______ new words per day
3-5
Silent period for bilingual children can last for how long?
3-6 months
What age does child understand time words, complex emotion words, and may have problems with tense?
4-5 years old (Pre-K)
By 12 months old, babies understand up to ___________ words, and use up to __________ words
50 ; 3
What age does child recognize words for common objects, enjoy games and rituals, and have 1-2 words?
7-12 months old
A formal referral to special services is only justified when?
After it's been determined that the child's behavior/performance cannot be explained solely by language or cultural differences, the acculturation process, or the learning environment
Around what age is the vocabulary burst/language explosion?
Around 18 months old
What age does child have increased grammatical structure of sentences and limited topic initiation (talking about things they know about or want to talk about)?
Around 2-3 years old
What age does child understand 500-700 words?
Around 24 months old (2 yrs)
What age does child understand 1,000+ words and can acquire up to 4-6 new words per day?
Around 3-4 years old (Preschool)
What age does child understand up to 900 words?
Around 30 months old (2.5 yrs)
What age does child love riddles, able to state personal information, and carry on conversations?
Around 5 years old (Kindergarten)
What age does child respond to their name, know difference between mom and dad, and use vocalization with intonation?
By 6 months old
Spokesperson for Nativist/Innatist language theory was?
Chomsky
Changing languages within and across utterances is known as what?
Code Switching (Ex: Spanglish)