Children's Exam 3 Practice Questions
What is the nurse's first action when planning to teach the parents of an infant with a congenital heart defect (CHD)? a. Assess the parents' anxiety level and readiness to learn b. Gather literature for the parents c. Secure a quiet place for teaching d. Discuss the plan with the nursing team
A
What skill that the nurse should expect a 5-year-old child to be able to master? a. Tie shoelaces. b. Use a knife to cut meat. c. Hammer a nail. d. Make change from a quarter.
A
What term is used to describe the painful, tender, pea-sized nodules that may appear on the pads of the fingers or toes in cases of bacterial endocarditis? a. Osler's nodes b. Janeway lesions c. Subcutaneous nodules d. Aschoff's nodules
A
Which complication should the nurse asses for when caring for a child post cardiac catheterization? a. Cardiac arrhythmia b. Hypostatic pneumonia c. Congestive heart failure d. Rapidly increasing blood pressure
A
Which drug is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor? a. Captopril b. Furosemide c. Spironolactone d. Chlorothiazide
A
Preschoolers are more prone to falls than toddlers. T or F
F
A 4-year-old child diagnosed with leukemia is hospitalized for chemotherapy. The child is fearful of the hospitalization. Which nursing intervention should be implemented to alleviate the child's fears? a. Encourage the child's parents to stay with the child. b. Encourage play with other children of the same age c. Advise the family to visit only during the scheduled visiting hours. d. Provide a private room, allowing the child to bring favorite toys from home.
A
A child with pulmonary atresia exhibits cyanosis with feeding. On reviewing this child's laboratory values, the nurse is not surprised to notice which abnormality? a. Polycythemia b. Infection c. Dehydration d. Anemia
A
A common characteristic of those who sexually abuse children is that they: a. pressure the victim into secrecy. b. are usually unemployed and unmarried. c. are unknown to victims and victims' families. d. have many victims that are each abused only once.
A
A nurse is performing a developmental screening on a 3-year-old child. Which of the following skills should the nurse expect the child to perform? a. Ride a tricycle b. Hop on one foot c. Jump rope d. Throw a ball overhead
A
In terms of cognitive development, the preschooler would be expected to engage in what behavior? a. Use magical thinking b. Think abstractly c. Understand conservation of matter d. Be able to comprehend another person's perspective
A
In which situation is there the greatest risk that a newborn infant will have a congenital heart defect (CHD)? a. Trisomy 21 detected on amniocentesis b. Family history of myocardial infarction c. Father has type 1 diabetes mellitus d. Older sibling born with Turner's syndrome
A
Parents of a 3-year-old child diagnosed with congenital heart disease are afraid to let their child play with other children because of possible overexertion. The nurse's reply should be based on what knowledge? a. The child needs opportunities to play with peers. b. The child needs to understand that peers' activities are too strenuous. c. Parents can meet all the child's needs. d. Constant parental supervision is needed to avoid overexertion.
A
Preschoolers' fears can best be dealt with by which intervention? a. Actively involving them in finding practical methods to deal with the frightening experience. b. Forcing them to confront the frightening object or experience in the presence of their parents. c. Using logical persuasion to explain away their fears and help them recognize how unrealistic the fears are. d. Ridiculing their fears so they understand that there is no need to be afraid.
A
The nurse is admitting a child with rheumatic fever. Which therapeutic management should the nurse expect to implement? a. Administering penicillin b. Avoiding salicylates (aspirin) c. Imposing strict bed rest for 4 to 6 weeks d. Administering corticosteroids if chorea develops
A
The nurse is caring for an infant diagnosed with congestive heart disease (CHD). The nurse should plan which intervention to decrease cardiac demands? a. Organize nursing activities to allow for uninterrupted sleep b. Allow the infant to sleep through feedings during the night c. Wait for the infant to cry to show definite signs of hunger d. Discourage parents from rocking the infant
A
The nurse is closely monitoring the intake and output of an infant with heart failure who is receiving diuretic therapy. The nurse should use which most appropriate method to assess the urine output? a. Weighing the diapers b. Inserting a Foley catheter c. Comparing intake with output d. Measuring the amount of water added to formula
A
The nurse is talking to a parent of an infant with heart failure about feeding the infant. Which statement about feeding the child is correct? a. "You may need to increase the caloric density of your infant's formula." b. "You should feed your baby every 2 hours." c. "You may need to increase the amount of formula your infant eats with each feeding." d. "You should place a nasal oxygen cannula on your infant during and after each feeding."
A
The nurse notes that a 6-year-old child does not recognize that objects exist even when the objects are outside of the visual field. Based on this observation, which action should the nurse take? a. Report the observation to the health care provider. b. Move the objects in the child's direct field of vision. c. Teach the child how to visually scan the environment d. Provide additional lighting for the child during play activities.
A
What beneficial effect is achieved by administering digoxin? a. Decreases edema b. Decreases cardiac output c. Increases heart size d. Increases venous pressure
A
What is a major clinical manifestation of rheumatic fever? a. Polyarthritis b. Osler's nodes c. Janeway spots d. Splinter hemorrhages of distal third of nails
A
Which intervention should be included in the plan of care for an infant with the nursing diagnosis of Excess Fluid Volume related to congestive heart failure? a. Weigh the infant every day on the same scale at the same time. b. Notify the physician when weight gain exceeds more than 20 g/day. c. Put the infant in a car seat to minimize movement. d. Administer digoxin as ordered by the physician.
A
Which structural defects constitute tetralogy of Fallot? a. Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy b. Aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy c. Aortic stenosis, atrial septal defect, overriding aorta, left ventricular hypertrophy d. Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic hypertrophy, left ventricular hypertrophy
A
A nurse is conducting a well-child visit with a 5-year-old child. Which of the following immunizations should the nurse plan to administer to the child? Select All That Apply a. DTap b. IPV c. MMR d. PCV e. Hib
A B C
Which play patterns does a 3-year-old child typically display? (Select all that apply.) a. Imaginary play b. Parallel play c. Cooperative play d. Structured play e. Associative play
A B C E
A nurse is assessing an infant who has coarctation of the aorta. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Select All That Apply a. Weak femoral pulses b. Cool skin of lower extremities c. Severe cyanosis d. Clubbing of the fingers e. Low blood pressure
A B E
A nurse is caring for a child who is suspected of having rheumatic fever. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Select all the apply a. Erythema marginatum (rash) b. Continuous joint pain of the digits c. Tender, subcutaneous nodules d. Decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate e. Elevated C-reactive protein
A E
In terms of language and cognitive development, which behavior is expected of a 4-year-old child? a. Thinking in abstract terms. b. Following simple commands. c. Understanding conservation of matter. d. Comprehending another person's perspective.
B
A 4 year old is hospitalized with a serious bacterial infection. The child tells the nurse that, "I am sick because I was bad." What is the nurse's best interpretation of this comment? a. It is a sign of stress. b. It is common at this age. c. It is suggestive of maladaptation. d. It is suggestive of excessive discipline at home.
B
A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child who has a heart defect and is scheduled for cardiac catheterization. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Place on NPO status for 12 hr prior to the procedure b. Check for iodine or shellfish allergies prior to the procedure c. Elevate the affected extremity following the procedure d. Limit fluid intake following the procedure
B
A nurse is preparing an education program for a group of caregivers of preschool-age children about promoting optimum nutrition. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Saturated fats should equal 20% of total daily caloric intake b. Average calorie intake should be 1,800 calories per day. c. Daily intake of fruits and vegetables should total 2 servings d. Healthy diets include a total of 8 g of protein each day
B
A nurse is teaching nursing students the physiology of congenital heart defects. Which defect results in decreased pulmonary blood flow? a. Atrial septal defect b. Tetralogy of Fallot c. Ventricular septal defect d. Patent ductus arteriosus
B
Acyclovir is given to children with chickenpox for what purpose? a. Minimize scarring b. Decrease the number of lesions c. Prevent aplastic anemia d. Prevent spread of the disease
B
An 8-month-old infant becomes hypercyanotic while blood is being drawn. What should be the nurse's first action? a. Assess for neurologic defects b. Place the child in the knee-chest position c. Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation d. Prepare the family for imminent death
B
As part of the treatment for congestive heart failure, the child takes the diuretic furosemide. As part of teaching home care, the nurse encourages the family to give the child foods such as bananas, oranges, and leafy vegetables. These foods are recommended because they are high in what electrolyte? a. Chlorides b. Potassium c. Sodium d. Zinc
B
Parents tell the nurse that they found their 3-year-old daughter and a male cousin of the same age inspecting each other closely as they used the bathroom. Which is the most appropriate recommendation the nurse should make? a. Punish children so this behavior stops. b. Neither condone nor condemn the curiosity. c. Allow children unrestricted permission to satisfy this curiosity. d. Get counseling for this unusual and dangerous behavior.
B
The nurse assessing a premature newborn infant auscultates a continuous machinery-like murmur. This finding is associated with which congenital heart defect? a. Pulmonary stenosis b. Patent ductus arteriosus c. Ventricular septal defect d. Coarctation of the aorta
B
The nurse has provided home care instructions to the parents of a child who is being discharged after cardiac surgery. Which statement made by the parents indicates a need for further instruction? a. "A balance of rest and exercise is important." b. "I can apply lotion or powder to the incision if it is itchy." c. "Activities in which my child could fall need to be avoided for 2 to 4 weeks." d. "Large crowds of people need to be avoided for at least 2 weeks after surgery."
B
The nurse is caring for a child with persistent hypoxia secondary to a cardiac defect. The nurse recognizes that a risk of cerebrovascular accidents (strokes) exists. An important objective to decrease this risk is to achieve what result? a. Minimize seizures b. Prevent dehydration c. Promote cardiac output d. Reduce energy expenditure
B
The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 4 year old. The parents tell the nurse that they will be back to visit at 6 PM. When the child asks the nurse, "when my parents are coming", what is the nurse's best response? a. "They will be here soon." b. "They will come after dinner." c. "Let me show you on the clock when 6 PM is." d. "I will tell you every time I see you how much longer it will be."
B
The nurse is performing an assessment on a child and notes the presence of Koplik's spots. In which communicable disease are Koplik's spots present? a. Rubella b. Measles (rubeola) c. Chickenpox (varicella) d. Exanthema subitum (roseola)
B
The nurse is preparing an adolescent for discharge after a cardiac catheterization. Which statement by the adolescent would indicate a need for further teaching? a. "I should avoid tub baths but may shower." b. "I have to stay on strict bed rest for 3 days." c. "I should remove the pressure dressing the day after the procedure." d. "I may attend school but should avoid exercise for several days."
B
The parent of a 4 year old tells the nurse that the child believes "monsters and the boogeyman" are in the bedroom at night. What is the nurse's best suggestion for coping with this problem? a. Insist that the child sleep with his parents until the fearful phase passes. b. Suggest involving the child to find a practical solution such as a night-light. c. Help the child understand that these fears are illogical. d. Tell the child frequently that monsters and the boogeyman do not exist.
B
What is a common sign of digoxin toxicity? a. Seizures b. Vomiting c. Bradypnea d. Tachycardia
B
What is a normal characteristic of the language development of a preschool-age child? a. Lisp b. Stammering c. Echolalia d. Repetition without meaning
B
What is descriptive of the preschooler's understanding of time? a. Has no understanding of time b. Associates time with events c. Can tell time on a clock d. Uses terms like "yesterday" appropriately
B
What is one of the most frequent causes of hypovolemic shock in children? a. Myocardial infarction b. Blood loss c. Anaphylaxis d. Congenital heart disease
B
What is the initial goal for the treatment of secondary hypertension? a. Weight control and diet b. Treating the underlying disease c. Administration of digoxin d. Administration of β-adrenergic receptor blockers
B
What is the leading cause of death after heart transplantation? a. Infection b. Rejection c. Cardiomyopathy d. Congestive heart failure
B
What is the primary nursing intervention necessary to prevent bacterial endocarditis? a. Institute measures to prevent dental procedures. b. Counsel parents of high risk children about prophylactic antibiotics. c. Observe children for complications such as embolism and heart failure. d. Encourage restricted mobility in susceptible children.
B
What should the nurse consider when preparing a school-age child and the family for heart surgery? a. Not showing unfamiliar equipment b. Letting child hear the sounds of an electrocardiograph monitor c. Avoiding mentioning postoperative discomfort and interventions d. Explaining that an endotracheal tube will not be needed if the surgery goes well
B
When is a child with chickenpox considered to be no longer contagious? a. When fever is absent b. When lesions are crusted c. 24 hours after lesions erupt d. 8 days after onset of illness
B
Which clinical changes occur as a result of septic shock? a. Hypothermia b. Increased cardiac output c. Vasoconstriction d. Angioneurotic edema
B
Which of the following statements about the average preschooler's physical proportions is true? a. Preschoolers have a squat and potbellied frame b. Preschoolers have a slender but sturdy frame c. The muscle and bones of the preschooler have reached full maturity d. Sexual characteristics can be differentiated in the preschooler
B
Which statement, made by a 4-year-old child's father, demonstrates an understanding about the care of the preschooler's teeth? a. "Because the 'baby teeth' are not permanent, they are not important to the child." b. "My son can be encouraged to brush his teeth after I have thoroughly cleaned his teeth." c. "My son's 'permanent teeth' will begin to come in at 4 to 5 years of age." d. "Fluoride supplements can be discontinued when my son's 'permanent teeth' erupt."
B
A nurse is assessing an infant who has heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Select All That Apply a. Bradycardia b. Cool extremities c. Peripheral edema d. Increased urinary output e. Nasal flaring
B C E
In terms of language and cognitive development, a 4-year-old child would be expected to have which traits? (Select all that apply.) a. Think in abstract terms b. Sexual curiosity c. Understand conservation of matter d. Use sentences of eight words e. Tell exaggerated stories
B E
A 4-year-old child tells the nurse, "I do not want another blood sample drawn because I need all my insides, and I do not want anyone taking them out." Which is the nurse's best interpretation of this statement? a. Child is being overly dramatic. b. Child has a disturbed body image. c. Preschoolers have poorly defined body boundaries. d. Preschoolers normally have a good understanding of their bodies.
C
A child is brought to the emergency department experiencing an anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting. While an airway is being established, what medication should the nurse prepare for immediate administration? a. Diphenhydramine b. Dopamine c. Epinephrine d. Calcium chloride
C
A nurse is caring for a preschool-aged child who expresses the need to leave because their doll is scared to be at home alone. Which of the following characteristics of preoperational thought is the child exhibiting? a. Egocentrism b. Centration c. Animism d. Magical thinking
C
A nurse is providing teaching to the caregiver of an infant who has a prescription for digoxin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. "Do not offer your baby fluids after giving the medication." b. "Digoxin increases your baby's heart rate." c. "Give the correct dose of medication at regularly scheduled times." d. "If your baby vomits a dose, you should repeat the dose to ensure that the correct amount is received."
C
A nurse is teaching an adolescent about essential hypertension. The nurse knows that which of the following is correct? a. Primary hypertension should be treated with diuretics as soon as it is detected. b. Congenital heart defects are the most common cause of primary hypertension. c. Primary hypertension may be treated with weight reduction. d. Primary hypertension is not affected by exercise.
C
A preschool child is scheduled for an echocardiogram. Parents ask the nurse whether they can hold the child during the procedure. The nurse should answer with which response? a. "You will be able to hold your child during the procedure." b. "Your child can be active during the procedure, but can't sit in your lap." c. "Your child must lie quietly; sometimes a mild sedative is administered before the procedure." d. "The procedure is invasive so your child will be restrained during the echocardiogram."
C
According to Erikson, the preschooler's primary psychosocial task of this period is acquiring a sense of: a. trust b. autonomy c. initiative d. belonging
C
During the preschool period, what should the emphasis of injury prevention be placed on? a. Constant vigilance and protection b. Punishment for unsafe behaviors c. Education for safety and potential hazards d. Limitation of physical activities
C
During the preschool years, anticipatory guidance shifts to focus on: a. Protection rather than education b. Education and correcting dysfluency in speech patterns c. Education with an emphasis on reasoning d. Protection and safeguarding the immediate environment
C
On assessment of a child admitted with a diagnosis of acute-stage Kawasaki disease, the nurse expects to note which clinical manifestation of the acute stage of the disease? a. Cracked lips b. Normal appearance c. Conjunctival hyperemia d. Desquamation of skin
C
The clinic nurse reviews the record of a child just seen by a health care provider and diagnosed with suspected aortic stenosis. The nurse expects to note documentation of which clinical manifestation specifically found in this disorder? a. Pallor b. Hyperactivity c. Exercise intolerance d. Gastrointestinal disturbances
C
The nurse is caring for a child after heart surgery. What intervention should the nurse implement immediately if evidence is found of cardiac tamponade? a. Increase analgesia b. Apply warming blankets c. Immediately report this to the physician d. Encourage the child to cough, turn, and breathe deeply
C
The nurse is monitoring an infant with congenital heart disease closely for signs of heart failure. The nurse should assess the infant for which early sign of HF? a. Pallor b. Cough c. Tachycardia d. Slow and shallow breathing
C
What intervention should be implemented prior to the removal of a child's chest tubes? a. Explain that it is not painful. b. Explain that only a Band-Aid will be needed. c. Administer analgesics before the procedure. d. Educate the patient to expect bright red drainage for several hours after removal.
C
What is an important nursing consideration when suctioning a young child who has had heart surgery? a. Perform suctioning at least every hour. b. Suction for no longer than 30 seconds at a time. c. Administer supplemental oxygen before and after suctioning. d. Expect symptoms of respiratory distress when suctioning.
C
What is best described as the inability of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the systemic circulation at normal filling pressures? a. Pulmonary congestion b. Congenital heart defect c. Heart failure d. Systemic venous congestion
C
Which action by the school nurse is important in the prevention of rheumatic fever? a. Encourage routine cholesterol screenings. b. Conduct routine blood pressure screenings. c. Refer children with sore throats for throat cultures. d. Recommend salicylates instead of acetaminophen for minor discomforts.
C
Which defect results in increased pulmonary blood flow? a. Pulmonic stenosis b. Tricuspid atresia c. Atrial septal defect d. Transposition of the great arteries
C
Which of the following gross motor skills would be expected for a 5-year-old child? a. Ride a tricycle b. Hop on one foot c. Jump rope d. Throw a ball reliably
C
Which term is used to describe a clinical manifestation of the systemic venous congestion that can occur with congestive heart failure? a. Tachypnea b. Tachycardia c. Peripheral edema d. Pale, cool extremities
C
Which type of play is most typical of the preschool period? a. Solitary b. Parallel c. Associative d. Team
C
Why are imaginary playmates beneficial to the preschool child? a. Take the place of social interactions. b. Take the place of pets and other toys. c. Become friends in times of loneliness. d. Accomplish what the child has already successfully accomplished.
C
A nurse is conducting discharge teaching to parents about the care of their infant after cardiac surgery. The nurse instructs the parents to notify the physician if what conditions occur? (Select all that apply.) a. Respiratory rate of 36 breaths/minute at rest b. Appetite slowly increasing c. Temperature above 37.7° C (100° F) d. New, frequent coughing e. Turning blue or bluer than normal
C D E
The nurse is conducting discharge teaching about signs and symptoms of heart failure to parents of an infant with a repaired tetralogy of Fallot. Which signs and symptoms should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) a. Warm flushed extremities b. Weight loss c. Decreased urinary output d. Sweating (inappropriate) e. Anorexia
C D E
Which clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to see as shock progresses in a child and decompensated develops? (Select all that apply.) a. Thirst and diminished urinary output b. Irritability and apprehension c. Cool extremities and decreased skin turgor d. Confusion and somnolence e. Normal blood pressure and narrowing pulse pressure f. Tachypnea and poor capillary refill time
C D F
Nursing interventions for the child after a cardiac catheterization include which of the following? (Select all that apply.) a. Allow ambulation as tolerated. b. Monitor vital signs every 2 hours. c. Assess the affected extremity for temperature and color. d. Check pulses above the catheterization site for equality and symmetry. e. Remove pressure dressing after 4 hours. f. Maintain a patent peripheral intravenous catheter until discharge.
C F
The nurse is caring for a school-age girl who has had a cardiac catheterization. The child tells the nurse that her bandage is "too wet." The nurse finds the bandage and bed soaked with blood. What is the most appropriate initial nursing action? a. Notify the physician. b. Apply a new bandage with more pressure. c. Place the child in the Trendelenburg position. d. Apply direct pressure above the catheterization site.
D
The nurse is conducting an assessment of fine motor development in a 3-year-old. Which of the following is the expected drawing skill for this age? a. Holds the writing instrument with his or her fist b. Can draw a complete stick figure c. Can copy a diamond d. Can copy a circle
D
A child with rheumatic fever will be arriving to the nursing unit for admission. On admission assessment, the nurse should ask the parents which question to elicit assessment information specific to the development of rheumatic fever? a. "Has the child complained of back pain?" b. "Has the child complained of headaches?" c. "Has the child had any nausea or vomiting?" d. "Did the child have a sore throat or fever within the last 2 months?"
D
A health care provider has prescribed oxygen as needed for an infant with heart failure. In which situation should the nurse administer the oxygen to the infant? a. During sleep b. When changing the infant's diaper c. When the mother is holding the infant d. When drawing blood for electrolyte level testing
D
A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of a preschool-aged child about methods to promote sleep. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I will sleep in the bed with my child if she wakes up during the night." b. "I will let my child stay up an additional 2 hours on weekend nights." c. "I will let my child watch television for 30 minutes just before bedtime each night." d. "I will keep a dim lamp on in my child's room during the night."
D
By what age would the nurse expect that most children could understand prepositional phrases such as "under," "on top of," "beside," and "in back of"? a. 18 months b. 24 months c. 3 years d. 4 years
D
In terms of fine motor development, what could the 3-year-old child be expected to do? a. Tie shoelaces b. Use scissors or a pencil very well c. Draw a person with 7 to 9 parts d. Copy (draw) a circle.
D
José is 4 year old. Preoperative teaching for a 4-year-old child scheduled for a cardiac catheterization should be done with what primary consideration in mind? a. Directed at his parents because he is too young to understand. b. Detailed in regard to the actual procedures so he will know what to expect. c. Done several days before the procedure so that he will be prepared. d. Adapted to his level of development so that he can understand.
D
Seventy-two hours after cardiac surgery, a young child has a temperature of 37.7° C (101° F). The nurse should initially implement which intervention? a. Keep the child warm with blankets b. Apply a hypothermia blanket c. Record the temperature on nurses' notes d. Report findings to physician
D
Surgical closure of the ductus arteriosus would bring about what desired effect? a. Stop the loss of unoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation. b. Decrease the edema in legs and feet. c. Increase the oxygenation of blood. d. Prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs.
D
The moral and spiritual development of the preschooler is characterized by: a. Concern for why something is wrong b. Actions that are directed toward satisfying the needs of others c. Thoughts of loyalty and gratitude d. A very concrete sense of justice
D
The nurse is guiding parents in selecting a day care facility for their child. When making the selection, it is especially important to focus on which consideration? a. Structured learning environment. b. Socioeconomic status of children. c. Cultural similarities of children. d. Teachers knowledgeable about development.
D
The nurse is preparing to care for a 5-year-old who has been placed in traction following a fracture of the femur. The nurse plans care, knowing that which is the most appropriate activity for this child? a. A radio b. A sports video c. Large picture books d. Crayons and a coloring book
D
The nurse provides home care instructions to the parents of a child with heart failure regarding the procedure for administration of digoxin. Which statement made by the parents indicates the need for further instruction? a. "I will not mix the medication with food." b. "I will take my child's pulse before administering the medication." c. "If more than 1 dose is missed, I will call the health care provider." d. "If my child vomits after medication administration, I will repeat the dose."
D
The nurse reviews the laboratory results for a child with a suspected diagnosis of rheumatic fever, knowing that which laboratory study would assist in confirming the diagnosis? a. Immunoglobulin b. Red blood cell count c. White blood cell count d. Anti-streptolysin O titer
D
The parents of a young child with congestive heart failure tell the nurse that they are "nervous" about giving digoxin. The nurse's response should be based on knowing what information? a. It is a safe, frequently used drug. b. It is difficult to either overmedicate or undermedicate with digoxin. c. Parents lack the expertise necessary to administer digoxin. d. Parents must learn specific, important guidelines for administration of digoxin.
D
What is a common, serious complication of rheumatic fever? a. Seizures b. Cardiac arrhythmias c. Pulmonary hypertension d. Cardiac valve damage
D
What is an expected assessment finding in a child with coarctation of the aorta? a. Orthostatic hypotension b. Systolic hypertension in the lower extremities c. Blood pressure higher on the left side of the body d. Disparity in blood pressure between the upper and lower extremities
D
What is the most common causative agent of bacterial endocarditis? a. Staphylococcus albus b. Streptococcus hemolyticus c. Staphylococcus albicans d. Streptococcus viridans
D
What type of shock is characterized by a hypersensitivity reaction causing massive vasodilation and capillary leaks, which may occur with drug or latex allergy? a. Neurogenic shock b. Cardiogenic shock c. Hypovolemic shock d. Anaphylactic shock
D
When caring for the child with Kawasaki disease, the nurse should understand that principle of care? a. The child's fever is usually responsive to antibiotics within 48 hours. b. The principal area of involvement is the joints. c. Aspirin is contraindicated. d. Therapeutic management includes administration of gamma globulin and aspirin.
D
When discussing hyperlipidemia with a group of adolescents, the nurse should explain that high levels of what substance are thought to protect against cardiovascular disease? a. Cholesterol b. Triglycerides c. Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) d. High-density lipoproteins (HDLs)
D
When educating the preschool child about injury prevention, the parents should: a. Set a good example b. Help children establish safety habits c. Be aware that pedestrian/motor vehicle injuries increase in this age group d. Do all of the above
D
Which accomplishment would the nurse expect of a healthy 3-year-old child? a. Jump rope b. Ride a two-wheel bicycle c. Skip on alternate feet d. Balance on one foot for a few seconds
D
Which characteristics best describes the language of a 3-year-old child? a. Asks meanings of words b. Follows directional commands c. Can describe an object according to its composition d. Talks incessantly, regardless of whether anyone is listening
D
Which common childhood communicable disease may cause severe defects in the fetus when it occurs in its congenital form? a. Erythema infectiosum b. Roseola c. Rubeola d. Rubella
D
Which is probably the most important criterion on which to base the decision to report suspected child abuse? a. Inappropriate parental concern for the degree of injury b. Absence of parents for questioning about child's injuries c. Inappropriate response of child d. Incompatibility between the history and injury observed
D
Which is the causative agent of scarlet fever? a. Enteroviruses b. Corynebacterium organisms c. Scarlet fever virus d. Group A β-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS)
D
Which postoperative intervention should be questioned for a child after a cardiac catheterization? a. Continue intravenous (IV) fluids until the infant is tolerating oral fluids. b. Check the dressing for bleeding. c. Assess peripheral circulation on the affected extremity. d. Keep the affected leg flexed and elevated.
D
Preschoolers can independently brush and floss their teeth. T or F
F
Preschoolers have a concrete concept of a God with physical characteristics, often similar to an imaginary friend. T or F
T
Sleep terrors can be described as a partial arousal from a very deep non-dreaming sleep. T or F
T
Television viewing before bedtime may cause bedtime resistance. T or F
T
