Children's Literature Final

The author's asked the question, "What makes a book a children's book?" Then three qualities of children's books were listed. Please list and explain these three qualities. (1 point for each quality and 1 point for explaining each quality.)

1. A child protagonist and an issue that concerns children - they need to feel that the central issues of the story concern the child in a same way 2. Straightforward story line, with a linear and limited time sequence in a confined setting - tells a story straight through from problem to solutions without a flashback 3. Language that is concrete and vivid and overly abstract - to help visualize characters and setting, allows the reader to make their own judgments

Martha Crippen states "that giving children access to all varieties of literature is extremely important for their success." What are the six values of children's literature that she identified

1. Children's literature provides students with the opportunity to respond to literature and develop their own opinions about the topic. 2. Children's literature provides an avenue for students to learn about their own cultural heritage and the cultures of other people.. 3.Children's literature helps students develop emotional intelligence. 4. Children's literature encourages creativity. 5. Children's literature fosters personality and social development 6. Children's literature is a timeless tradition.

CH6: As a classroom teacher what are some ways that you can foster a love a poetry with your students? (Name at least 3.)

1. Have children practice choral speaking and performance 2. Encourage children to create their own 3. Share poetry every chance you get.

CH11: Educational standards are increasingly asking students have a broad knowledge of literature and in particular nonfiction. What are some of the reasons why nonfiction is often neglected in the classroom? (Name at least 2)

1. nonfiction writers for children are rarely invited for school visits. 2. classroom libraries are overwhelmingly stocked with fiction.

As a teacher, when evaluating multicultural literature for use in you classroom, there are multiple things you would want to look for in a children's book to ensure the author and illustrator presented authentic perspectives of a culture group. Name at least 3 criteria you should look for when evaluating children's literature.

3 criteria teacher should look for is language used authentically balanced collection of multicultural books cultural details naturally integrated

Which among the following is most likely to be the number of pages found in a picture book for children?

32

The type of books included in your classroom library can have an impact on students' reading motivation, achievement, and expansion of their knowledge of the world. Applying what you learned from the articles and the classroom library video, identify the types of books that should be included in your classroom library. Provide at least six (6) specific details identifying the types of books you should include.

6 books we should have in the classrooms are books for their reading level at, above, or below fiction and nonfiction books variety of books diverse or cultural books picture books, chapter books, variety of authors and illustrators

William Caxton published what is considered one of earliest books expressly written for children

A Booke of Curtesye

Which of the following best fits into the modern fantasy category?

A book about a giraffe who tells his zookeeper how to keep the polar bears from misbehaving.

Which of the following developments in realistic fiction for children occurred during the years heralding the coming of World War II?

A new wave of diverse perspectives began to appear in children's literature.

It is important that teachers compile a balanced multicultural collection of books. To adequately do this, teachers must assess their needs and match quality books to the identified needs. In assessing these needs, consideration should be given to five areas. Name and explain two of these areas.

Assess Curricular Needs - needs to be determined what is needed to supplement units of study, obtain books that fit the needs of the curriculum Determine the availability of high quality multicultural books - only high quality books should be considered, lower quality books should not be considered just to fill the shelf.

Name and explain three (3) categories of contemporary realistic fiction.

Books about school - school is their stage, their providing ground, their source of social contacts. Many young children worry about school and reading books about school can help what they can experience. Books about Interpersonal Relations - A work of fiction can do what real life cannot: it allows readers to experience the perspectives of more than one character. Series books - series books are popular with children they take the guesswork out of choosing something to read.

Which of the following awards is given by the American Library Association for "the most distinguished picture book published in the previous year"?

Caldecott Medal

What characteristics distinguish traditional literature from modern fantasy?

Characteristics that distinguish traditional literature from modern fantasy is that they are stories that are passed down through generations and teaches us lessons while modern family is all about being creative and imagining unrealistic things.

Which of the following would we be attending to if we examined the way an illustrator enables us to recognize a person in a variety of situations throughout a book?

Characterization

The authors identify multiple ways in which characters are developed in stories. Which of the following is included?

Characters are developed through their actions.

From the following, identify a plot form that can be classified as a recurring plot.

Children are separated from, or abandoned by, one or both parents.

Children Literature

Children's literature is the collection of books that are read to and by children.

CH11: List and describe the five organizational patterns are that commonly used in nonfiction or expository books for young readers.

Description - provides information about an object, event, or person, Sequence - puts information into a sequence Comparison/contrast - reveals likenesses and differences between two or more things Problem/solution - identifies a problem and provides a possible solution or solutions to the problem cause/effect - shows how events, facts, or ideas occur as a result of other events, facts, or concepts.

Name two criteria identified in the text that should be used for evaluating historical fiction.

Does the writer bring the setting to life through the inclusion of authentic details that do not overwhelm the story? Although the story is set in the past, are themes still relevant for today's readers?

Listed below are five subgenres of folktales and ten descriptive statements. Read each statement and determine the subgenre the statement describes. In the essay section: Type the subgenre (in the order listed) and the 2 letters of the statements that describe the subgenre next to the subgenre. (You will only use each descriptive statement once.) Fable Fairy Tale Legend Myth Tall Tale a. Usually features a single hero that follows a quest. b.The story teaches a moral or lesson. c.The story is told as if it were true but contains exaggerated parts. d.The good characters live happily ever after. e.The story contains gods and goddesses that can take human form. f.Usually feature talking animals with human characteristics. g.The story is thought to be historical, but parts cannot be proven. h.Many of these stories were told by American settlers. i.The story explains natural phenomenon, human behavior, or why things

Fable = . F and B Fairytale = J and D Legend = A and G Myth = E and I Tall Tale = H and C

What is the difference between fantasy and science fiction?

Fantasy never could be but science fiction has the possibility of being.

Define flat characters.

Flat characters are introduced in a story and act predictably which means they do not change beginning to the end of the book.

Define genre.

Genre are categories of writing recognized for their patterns of organization, style, and effects on readers.

The authors suggest that second language learners may find books written for North American children puzzling or off-putting because

Genres are unfamiliar except for traditional stories. Realistic fiction may seem true but in fact it is not. The moral orientation may seem odd.

What book was written for adults and later adopted for children in the 18th century

Gullivers Travel

The authors report which of the following as an advantage of picture books containing historical fiction?

Hard-to-imagine settings are brought to life.

For which of the following accomplishments was Edward Stratemeyer known?

He generated plot summaries for series books, such as those about the Rover Boys.

What is the contribution of multicultural children's books for children?

Helps children develop genuine understanding of others that are unlike themselves.

Name and explain three categories of modern fantasy.

High Fantasy - Where it takes place in a created secondary world. Personified animals - stories with animals talking and behaving or having characteristics of humans. (Ex. Tale of Peter Rabbit) Personified Toys - Toys that come to life typically stuffed animals or dolls. Toys that are able to talk and behave like humans. (Ex. Toy Story)

Why is historical empathy important?

Historical empathy supports historical understanding.

CH11: Name and describe at least three nonfiction topics that are covered in the chapter.

History - through history books, children can glimpse people, places, and events of the past and better understand factors that shaped the past Arts - art books explore different facets or art, music, drama, and dance and the people engaged in these arts. Peoples and cultures - introduce children to people who from particular cultures within the U.S. or from other parts of the world. The books help children understand people and the culture, also acknowledge and appreciate the similarities and differences of people around us from around the world.

Including at least two descriptors, define historical fiction using information from the text.

History fiction is broadly defined as a work of fiction set in a time prior to when it was written. How far in the past must a story be set to qualify as historical fiction?

CH6: Explain how you might use the authors' criteria for evaluating poetry (page 162) to teach children about poetry and expand their interest in it.

I might use the authors criteria for evaluating a poetry to teach my children by using it as a guideline. I don't want a poem to attack the children I'm teaching or make him/her think its toward them. I want the students to enjoy the poetry being shared with them, catching their interest with the words, pictures, and surprises the poem may have. I want the poem to be able to be a knowledge students should learn and know or to be able to imagine and create their own poem.

Define international literature using information from the text.

International literature are books written and published outside of the United States or Canada.

CH11: The first Newbery Medal for a biography was awarded for which of the following books?

Invincible Louisa

What can happen if a children's book lacks cultural authenticity?

It can make members of the culture feel betrayed. It can convey misleading understandings of a culture

How does a denouement function in a story?

It displays the characters' state of affairs following the resolution of the problem.

Which of the following is a quality that the authors identify as among "qualities of outstanding children's literature"?

It expands awareness.

What did Harry Potter do to international books in the United States?

It increased number of international books in the U.S.

CH6: Which of the following characterizes a limerick?

It is composed of five lines.

What is the value of traditional literature?

It is engaging and a rich source of multicultural literature.

Which of the following best characterizes "high fantasy"?

It is set in a "secondary world."

"Setting" is key to a historical fiction story. List at least two reasons for why is it important in historical fiction.

It takes place in a time removed from that of the reader, setting is an especially important element. The importance is the rich settings.

Which one of the following reasons do the authors use to suggest that traditional literature is somewhat of a misnomer?

Its origins are oral; literature is written.

Who among the following is generally considered to be responsible for the publication of the first picture book?

Johann Amos Comenius

CH11: Which one of the following people is identified as the author of the first informational book for children?

Johannes Amos Comenius

Who launched the first commercially successful company dedicated almost exclusively to publishing pleasurable books for children?

John Newberry

CH6: An example of the modern off shoot of the traditional narrative ballad l is

Karen Hesse poetic novel Out of the Dust.

Which of the following best characterizes the subject matter of today's historical fiction for children?

Less well-known historical events are depicted.

Which of the following best characterizes the "new realism" in children's literature?

Literature included the suffering of children.

Fractured Fairy Tales have become popular with children. One of the most popular is?

Little Red Riding Hood

Which of the following was the first science fiction book to be named the winner of the Newbery Award?

Madeline L'Engle's A Wrinkle in Time

What do the authors mean by a "multidimensional" portrayal of culture?

Members of a culture are presented in the range of ways that are true for members of the group.

Roll of Thunder, Hear my Cry is considered a culturally specific book. Why?

Situations are historically accurate, characters, dialogue, and interactions are true to the culture of those reflected in the book.

How can the same traditional tale appeal to different age groups?

Spare details that allow individual to interpret the story.

The author's asked the question, "What makes a good children's book?" They then listed six qualities of outstanding children's books. Please list the six qualities of outstanding children's literature identified in Chapter 1.

The six outstanding qualities of children's literature are Good books expand awareness Good books provide an enjoyable read that doesn't overly teach or moralize Good books tell the truth Good books embody quality Good books have integrity Good books show originality

Explain why there has been so little international literature available in the United States for children to read. Be specific in your response.

There are a few books that are translated in English and also there are a few that get published in United States that makes it rare to get it into children's hands.

What do the authors mean by "culturally generic books"?

These are books that deal with the characteristics of a single culture in a specific way. These are books that have a theme that is not identifiable as an aspect of any particular culture. They are referring to books that feature multicultural characters but lack details specific to a culture.

CH11: Why are biographies valuable for children?

They help children understand that often the subject of biographies are ordinary people like themselves and that they too can make a difference.

What happens to characters in time slips stories?

They move from one time period to another.

CH11: How should characters be presented in biographies for children?

They must be interesting and appeal to children.

Which one of the following best describes characters that appear in realistic fiction?

They resemble real people.

What is the primary purpose of international literature?

To tell a compelling story.

The Wheels on the Bus is an example of what type of book?

Toy Book

The articles presented tips for making the classroom library an integral part of the classroom and helping children use it effectively. Describe two of the tips from the articles that you learned and want to remember to implement when you set up your own classroom library in the future.

Two tips I want to remember when implementing my future classroom library are cultivate diverse and wide ranging selections let students read their choice of books, don't limit their choices

How can children benefit from realistic fiction?

When they can see themselves in a story, they learn they are not alone.

Define multicultural literature using information from the text.

Works that reflect the multitude of cultural groups within the United States. Some examples of multicultural literature are African American, Asian American, Latino/a or Native American.

Historical Fiction Element: Theme

Writers of historical fiction frequently explore themes that are significant for both the historical time period of the story but for present day as well.

CH11: Which of the following phrases best describes a partial biography?

a biography that covers a selected part of a person's life

CH11: Which of the following would qualify as a nonfiction informational book?

a book describing the construction of the Titanic

Which of the following forms would fit appropriately into the science fiction category?

a book featuring a Utopian society

CH11: Which of the following refers to a book that describes the lives of several people who have something in common?

a collective biography

A story entitled "How the Zebra Got His Stripes" is most likely to be classified as which of the following?

a pour quoi tale

Which of the following would best qualify for classification as "historical fiction?"

a story about a slave on the plantation of Thomas Jefferson

What is a cumulative tale?

a story built by repeating lines and adding to them.

Traditional tales are heavy on _____________ and light on ___________.

actions; character sketches

CH6: Which of the following is illustrated by Rowena Bennett's line, "There once was a witch of Willowby Wood . . . "?

alliteration

According to the authors, which among the following is most likely to provide the most authentic portrayal of a cultural group?

an author with an "inside perspective"

Tone refers to_____________

authors attitude toward work.

What are the areas of concern when it comes to international books?

balance, access, relevance

Which of the following do the authors identify as a view of childhood that prevailed at a particular time in history

children were suspected of harboring great evil

What is the term the authors use to describe the combination of line, color, light, shape, texture, and space in an illustration?

composition

Historical fiction differs from other genres. In particular, it ...

contains time markers.

In folktales settings usually occur in ___________?

cottage castle forest

According to the text, novel length works of fiction give the readers an opportunity to ...

delve more deeply into complex topics.

CH11: Nonfiction invites readers to...

engage in critical thinking as they are called on to distinguish fact from opinion

CH11: Learning to read informational books helps children

exposes them to expository text, learn about the world around them, answer factual and conceptual questions

CH6: During the 20th Century poetry has continued to evolve, and one noticeable change has been?

freedom from formality

From which of the following groups did the Grimm brothers collect most of their stories?

germans

CH6: Which of the following words should be classified as onomatopoeic?

gurgle

CH6: Which of the following best describes the purpose of poetry for children?

help children celebrate what is clear, precise, beautiful, and true in our language

According to the text, which of the following topics in realistic fiction do children prefer?

humor, mystery, and survival

CH6: Elementary school children are most likely to prefer the work of which of the following poets?

jack prelutsky

A setting can sometimes become a(n) __________ in a story?

metaphor

CH6: In the line, "His eyes are pools of fire," we have an example of which of the following?

metaphor

Historical Fiction Element: Plot

must create a conflict that grows out of the time in which the story takes place.

CH6: Which of the following poetic forms is most likely to express a classical tale?

narrative poems

CH6: Which of the following poetic forms is most likely to appeal to young children?

nonsense poetry

Eric Carle's books are primarily created in what medium?

painted tissue collage

Point of view refers to________________

perspective from which events in story are narrated.

As discussed in class, classroom libraries should include a balance of what 3 things.

poetry , fiction, non fiction books

Which of the following are most likely to use highly structured or repetitive texts?

predictable books

CH6: One way to expand student's appreciation of poetry is to...

share poetry informally with children every chance you get

According to the authors when reading fantasy we accept the impossible by...

suspending belief

Intertextuality refers to ______________

tendency of authors to relate one work to another.

Comprehensibility in international books refers to ...

the ability of students to understand story including setting, characters.

Which of the following subjects is most likely to be the object of a "concept book"?

the alphabet

Historical Fiction Element: Characters

the characters in historical fiction are ordinary people rather than figures of historical importance.

The translator is as important as the author and illustrator because ...

the translator must not only translate the language but also interpret the ideas and maintain the pace of the story.

CH6: Which of the following best characterizes most of the earliest poetry written for children?

they were cheerless and moralistic

The difference between literary tales and traditional tales is

traditional tales are oral and literary tales are written.

Which of the following media is used most extensively to illustrate children's books?

watercolor

CH6: What is the literary device insight in relation to poetry?

when a poem or word makes us say "Yes-that's it!"

CH6: Which of the following characteristics of a poem can best be used to motivate children to clap along with the recitation?

rhythm

Which of the following would best fit into the science fiction category?

An account in which a girl is distressed by what happens when her sister is cloned.

What is the difference between an explicit and an implicit theme?

An implicit theme is suggested in a story, but not stated.

Conflict in fiction texts can take one of four different forms. Name the four types of conflict

Conflict between characters, conflict within a character, conflict between a character and nature, conflict between a character and society.

How has the style of historical fiction changed over time?

Contemporary authors capture the flavor of the time period while sticking to factual accuracy.

Define contemporary realistic fiction using information from the text. Include at least two descriptors.

Contemporary realistic fiction, then, brings the same moral challenges as other types of fiction. Contemporary realistic fiction is derived from actual circumstances, with realistic settings, and characters who face problems and opportunities that are within the range of what is possible in real life.

What event occurred in 1965 that created a wakeup call for inclusion of other cultures in children's books?

Nancy Larrick's article published in the Saturday Review.

What is the award given for the most distinguished contribution to literature for children called?

Newberry Award

Which of the following best characterizes "low fantasy"?

Nonrational events occur in the primary world.

When discussing the categories of picture books in the textbook the authors mention the importance of beginning readers having books they can read independently. Describe how both predictable books and easy readers support children as they begin to read. Be specific as you as you describe each type of book and how it supports the beginning reader.

Predictable books support children by having highly structured or repetitive texts that are easy to fledgling readers to read independently. They also use rhythms and rhymes or simple story structures to make it easier for the reader to perceive the pattern of the text and use it to guess upcoming words. Some example books are Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See? , and One Monday Morning. Easy readers often among the first books children read independently. They are not strictly picture storybooks. They have some kind of controlled vocabulary, such as the number of words, types of words, and sentence structure and length determined by the reading level of the books. An example book is The Cat in the Hat.

What are the characteristics that make Peter Rabbit a fantasy?

Rabbits doing rabbit behavior but wearing clothes and drinking tea as well.

CH11: How do informational books develop critical thinking for children?

Readers are called on to distinguish fact from fiction, make inferences and reach their own conclusions.

Children's books in the 1700's focused on what genre?

Religious

Define round characters.

Round characters are actors in a story we really get to know, along with their pasts, relationships, motives, inner thoughts, and challenges they go through the story.

How does the setting for a folktale compare with the setting for a work of realistic fiction?

Settings in realistic fiction are usually described with greater detail.

Which of the following is credited with being the first modern fantasy published for children in the United States?

The Wonderful Wizard of Oz

Which of the following statements best represents the position that the authors take pertaining to the "preaching and teaching" tendency in realistic fiction for children?

The author must be willing to trust the reader to draw inferences from the story.

Why is the "intended audience" most likely to pose a problem with international books?

The book was intended for the readers in the country in which it was written. When it is taken outside the country, people may have difficulty understanding it.

How is plot related to genre?

The genre of a story determines the range of possible actions in it.

Which of the following best describes the style of today's historical fiction for children?

The language is accessible to children.

What do the authors mean by "outsider" perspective?

The perspective of one writing from a point of view of one outside the group being portrayed.

According to the authors, outlining categories of fantasy and science fiction is useful because

it allows for interesting comparisons of texts.

One reason that historical fiction is important is that ...

it is a natural companion to nonfiction.

Historical Fiction Element: Setting

it is to bring place and time to life for the reader by providing details that are neither romanticized nor distorted, but are as authentic as possible, given what is known about the era in which the story is set

CH11: Nonfiction of inquiry is useful because

reader gains information and is also thinking along with the author.

One way that books in the classroom library should never be grouped or labeled by is ______________ .

reading level