Chpt. 24-32

The mastoid process is located approximately:

1 inch posterior to the opening of the ear, at the base of the skull

An infant with a total blood volume of 800 mL would start showing signs of shock when as little as ______ of blood is lost.

100 mL

A person's ability to shiver is lost when his or her body temperature falls below:

90 degrees F

A young female experienced a laceration to her left eyeball from flying glass when her boyfriend broke a soda bottle against a wall. There is moderate bleeding and the patient states that she cannot see out of the injured eye. You should:

Bandage both eyes

Hypothermia can worsen internal bleeding secondary to:

Blood clotting abnormalities

What layer of the skin forms a watertight, protective seal for the body?

Epidermis

In order for sweating to be an effective cooling mechanism

It must be able to evaporate from the body

The _nerves control the diaphragm.

_phrenic_

The cricoid cartilage:

a firm ridge of cartilage; the only complete circle form of the trachea

Peritonitis usually occurs when:

a hollow organs fluid leaked into the abdominal cavity

An epidural hematoma is?

accumulation of blood between the skull and dura mater

A patient is pinned between a flatbed truck and a loading dock. On exam, you find bruising to the chest, distended neck veins, bilaterally diminished breath sounds, and bilateral scleral hemorrhaging. You should:

aggressively manage his airway

The mesentery is:

any fold of tissue that attaches the organ to the body wall

A patient is bleeding severely from a severed femoral artery high in the groin region. How do you control the bleeding?

apply a topical hemostatic agent

Most cases of external bleeding from an extremity can be controlled by:

applying local direct pressure

During your assessment of a patient with blunt chest trauma, you note that the patient has shallow breathing and paradoxical movement of the left chest wall. You should:

assist ventilations with a BVM

An organ or tissue may be better able to resist damage from hypoperfusion if the:

body's temperature is considerably less than 98.6 F/ 37 C

The phrenic nerves control the diaphragm and exit the spinal cord at:

c3 c4 c5

Rapid deceleration of the head, such as when it impacts the windshield, causes:

compression injury to the anterior portion of the brain and stretching and tearing in the posterior portion

Signs of a pulmonary blast injury include:

coughing up blood

In a patient with a head injury, hypertension, bradycardia, and Biot respirations indicate:

cushing's triad

Air bags are designed to

decrease acceleration of the body

Accumulation of blood in the abdominal cavity will cause?

distention

An air embolism associated with diving occurs when:

divers hold their breath when doing a rapid ascent

A partial-thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the:

epidermis and portions of dermis

The hormone responsible for the actions of the sympathetic nervous system is:

epinephrine

A patient sustained a large laceration to his leg during an accident with a chainsaw and is experiencing signs and symptoms of shock. You should first

follow appropriate standard precautions

A Colles fracture involves a fracture of the:

fractures of the distal radius,common in older people with osteoporosis

The cervical spine is MOST protected from whiplash-type injuries when the:

headrest is positioned at the correct height

Elevation of the rib cage during inhalation occurs when:

intercostal muscles contract

A short backboard or vest-style immobilization device is indicated for patients who:

is sitting and stable

A laceration:

jagged cut caused by a sharp object or blunt force trauma

Bruising to the right upper quadrant of the abdomen following blunt trauma is suggestive of injury to the:

liver

The lower jawbone is called the

mandible

A patient who presents with profound cyanosis following a chest injury:

needs immediate ventilations

During the normal wound-healing process, bleeding may occur from even a minor injury because

new capillaries that stem from intact capillaries are delicate and take time to become as stable as the preexisting capillaries

By what mechanism is a person injured when he or she falls from a significant height?

potential energy is converted to kinetic energy

A utility worker was trimming branches and was electrocuted when he accidentally cut a high-power line. He fell approximately 20 feet and is lying unresponsive on the ground; the power line is lying across his chest. You should:

rapidly assess the patient after ensuring that the power line is not live

Bone marrow produces:

red blood cells

Early bruising following abdominal trauma often manifests as:

red spot on skin

A patient who is complaining of seeing flashing lights, specks, or "floaters" in his or her field of vision has MOST likely experienced:

separated retina

If one or more occupants in the same vehicle are killed in a crash, the EMT should:

suspect living patients have the same injuries from trauma

Deformity caused by a fracture would be masked by

swelling

Common signs and symptoms of a sprain

swelling, tenderness and bruising

Heat loss from the body through respiration occurs when:

warm air is exhaled into the atmosphere