Chpt. 24-32
The mastoid process is located approximately:
1 inch posterior to the opening of the ear, at the base of the skull
An infant with a total blood volume of 800 mL would start showing signs of shock when as little as ______ of blood is lost.
100 mL
A person's ability to shiver is lost when his or her body temperature falls below:
90 degrees F
A young female experienced a laceration to her left eyeball from flying glass when her boyfriend broke a soda bottle against a wall. There is moderate bleeding and the patient states that she cannot see out of the injured eye. You should:
Bandage both eyes
Hypothermia can worsen internal bleeding secondary to:
Blood clotting abnormalities
What layer of the skin forms a watertight, protective seal for the body?
Epidermis
In order for sweating to be an effective cooling mechanism
It must be able to evaporate from the body
The _nerves control the diaphragm.
_phrenic_
The cricoid cartilage:
a firm ridge of cartilage; the only complete circle form of the trachea
Peritonitis usually occurs when:
a hollow organs fluid leaked into the abdominal cavity
An epidural hematoma is?
accumulation of blood between the skull and dura mater
A patient is pinned between a flatbed truck and a loading dock. On exam, you find bruising to the chest, distended neck veins, bilaterally diminished breath sounds, and bilateral scleral hemorrhaging. You should:
aggressively manage his airway
The mesentery is:
any fold of tissue that attaches the organ to the body wall
A patient is bleeding severely from a severed femoral artery high in the groin region. How do you control the bleeding?
apply a topical hemostatic agent
Most cases of external bleeding from an extremity can be controlled by:
applying local direct pressure
During your assessment of a patient with blunt chest trauma, you note that the patient has shallow breathing and paradoxical movement of the left chest wall. You should:
assist ventilations with a BVM
An organ or tissue may be better able to resist damage from hypoperfusion if the:
body's temperature is considerably less than 98.6 F/ 37 C
The phrenic nerves control the diaphragm and exit the spinal cord at:
c3 c4 c5
Rapid deceleration of the head, such as when it impacts the windshield, causes:
compression injury to the anterior portion of the brain and stretching and tearing in the posterior portion
Signs of a pulmonary blast injury include:
coughing up blood
In a patient with a head injury, hypertension, bradycardia, and Biot respirations indicate:
cushing's triad
Air bags are designed to
decrease acceleration of the body
Accumulation of blood in the abdominal cavity will cause?
distention
An air embolism associated with diving occurs when:
divers hold their breath when doing a rapid ascent
A partial-thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the:
epidermis and portions of dermis
The hormone responsible for the actions of the sympathetic nervous system is:
epinephrine
A patient sustained a large laceration to his leg during an accident with a chainsaw and is experiencing signs and symptoms of shock. You should first
follow appropriate standard precautions
A Colles fracture involves a fracture of the:
fractures of the distal radius,common in older people with osteoporosis
The cervical spine is MOST protected from whiplash-type injuries when the:
headrest is positioned at the correct height
Elevation of the rib cage during inhalation occurs when:
intercostal muscles contract
A short backboard or vest-style immobilization device is indicated for patients who:
is sitting and stable
A laceration:
jagged cut caused by a sharp object or blunt force trauma
Bruising to the right upper quadrant of the abdomen following blunt trauma is suggestive of injury to the:
liver
The lower jawbone is called the
mandible
A patient who presents with profound cyanosis following a chest injury:
needs immediate ventilations
During the normal wound-healing process, bleeding may occur from even a minor injury because
new capillaries that stem from intact capillaries are delicate and take time to become as stable as the preexisting capillaries
By what mechanism is a person injured when he or she falls from a significant height?
potential energy is converted to kinetic energy
A utility worker was trimming branches and was electrocuted when he accidentally cut a high-power line. He fell approximately 20 feet and is lying unresponsive on the ground; the power line is lying across his chest. You should:
rapidly assess the patient after ensuring that the power line is not live
Bone marrow produces:
red blood cells
Early bruising following abdominal trauma often manifests as:
red spot on skin
A patient who is complaining of seeing flashing lights, specks, or "floaters" in his or her field of vision has MOST likely experienced:
separated retina
If one or more occupants in the same vehicle are killed in a crash, the EMT should:
suspect living patients have the same injuries from trauma
Deformity caused by a fracture would be masked by
swelling
Common signs and symptoms of a sprain
swelling, tenderness and bruising
Heat loss from the body through respiration occurs when:
warm air is exhaled into the atmosphere