Ciencias sections 3 & 4: compound names and formulas

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Mono-

1

Deca-

10

Di-

2

Tri-

3

Tetra-

4

Penta-

5

Hexa-

6

Hepta-

7

Octa-

8

Nona-

9

Molecular formula

A chemical formula that shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule, but not the arrangement of atoms

Organic compounds

A covalently bonded compound that contains carbon, excluding carbonates

Negative

All nonmetals are always

Di-carbon trioxide

C2O3

Calcium hydroxide

Ca(OH)2

CaCl2 AlCl3 K2O Rb2S BeCl Sr2O AlF3

Calcium chlorides Aluminum chloride Potassium oxide Rubidium sulphide Beryllium chloride Strontium oxide Aluminum fluoride

Alkenes

Can be recognized by their double carbon to carbon bonds

Four

Carbon atoms form___covalent bonds in organic compounds

Don't reduce

Covenant bond subscripts

Atoms of each element are in the molecule

For covenant compounds of two elements, numerical prefixes tell how many

Alkanes

Have single covalent bonds

Roman numeral

If the cation is a transition metal, a___must be written after the name

Reduce

Ionic bond subscripts

Lithium oxide

Li2O

Lithium chloride Potassium iodide Calcium carbonate Lithium phosphate Sodium fluoride Calcium nitride

LiCl KI CaCO3 Li3PO4 NaF Ca5N2

MEMORIZE FIRST SIX

MEMORIZE FIRST SIX

Positive

Metals are always

Magnesium bromide

MgBr2

Di-nitrogen monoxide

N2O

Nitrogen dioxide

NO2

Section 4

Organic compounds

Tri-phosphorus dichloride

P3Cl2

In front of both

Prefixes are written___ ___ ___ ___nonmetals names with one exception

Write symbol and charge of cation Write the symbol and charge of the anion or polyatomic ion Criss-cross the numerical value of the charges to form subscripts Subscripts of 1 are not written. Charges are also not written. Reduce the value of the subscripts, if necessary

Steps of writing ionic compound formulas

True

T/F: it is possible for several compounds to have the same empirical formula

Around

The Hydrogens are arranged___the carbons

Normal alkane

The carbon atoms all line up in a row when a___ ___ is formed

Name of the element

The cation uses the

Empirical formula Ex: H2O

The composition of a compound in terms of the relative numbers and kinds of atoms in the simplest ratio

Ide

The ending of the anion is changed to

-ide

The ending of the second nonmetal is changed to?

CnH2n+2

The general formula for alkanes is

CnH2n

The general formula for alkenes

Ions

The names of ionic compounds consist of the names of the___that make up the compounds

Ending

The___of the name first nonmetal is not changed.

Alkenes

These all end in the suffix "ene"

Hydrogen

These compounds almost always contain

Oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus

These four elements can also be found in organics

Fe2O3 - Iron (III) oxide Cr(OH)2 - Chromium (II) nitride TiN - Titanium (III) nitride Co(OH)3 - Cobalt (III) hydroxide

Transitional elements

If the first nonmetal has only one atom, then the name is just written (no prefix)

What is the one exception?

Hydrocarbon

When the organic compound contains carbon and hydrogen, it is called a Ex: Methane - CH4


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