CIS 2200 Chapter 5 Mylab

20) ________ is a lightweight operating system for cloud computing. a. Google Chrome OS b. iOS c. Linux d. Microsoft Windows e. Android

a. Google Chrome OS (Google's Chrome OS provides a lightweight operating system for cloud computing using a​ Web-connected computer. Programs are not stored on the​ user's computer but are used over the Internet and accessed through the Chrome Web browser.) ​

1) ​A(n) ________ is defined as the shared technology resources that provide the platform for the​ firm's specific information systems applications. a. Information technology infrastructure b. management information systems​ (MIS) c. decision support system structure d. information systems​ (IS) e. institutional technology infrastructure

a. Information technology infrastructure

49) Which of the following options is NOT part of the competitive forces model for IT infrastructure​ investment? a. Competitor firm services b. Information technology assessment c. Your​ firm's business strategy d. Current supply like your​ firm's services e. Your​ firm's IT​ strategy, infrastructure, and cost

d. Current supply like your​ firm's services (Current DEMAND for your​ firm's services: Make an inventory of the services you currently provide to​ customers, suppliers, and employees. Survey each group or hold focus groups to find out if the services you currently offer are meeting the needs of each group.)

5) ________ refers to a model of computing that provides access to a shared pool of computing resources over the Internet. a. Personal computer b. Mainframe ​c. Client/server d. Cloud e. Enterprise

d. Cloud (Cloud computing refers to a model of computing that provides access to a shared pool of computing resources​ (computers, storage,​ applications, and​ services) over the​ network, often the Internet.)

14) The IT infrastructure in organizations today is an outgrowth of more than 50 years of evolution in computing platforms. There have been five stages in this​ evolution, each representing a different configuration of computing power and infrastructure elements. Select the list below with the correct five eras. ​a. general-purpose mainframe and minicomputer​ computing, personal​ computers, client/server​ networks, enterprise​ computing, and cloud and mobile computing b. general-purpose mainframe and minicomputer​ computing, military​ computers, client/server networks, enterprise​ computing, and cloud and mobile computing c. vacuum tube​ computers, transistor​ computers, microprocessor​ computer, enterprise​ computing, and cloud and mobile computing d. academic mainframe and commercial​ computing, military​ computers, client/server​ networks, enterprise​ computing, and cloud and mobile computing e. special-purpose mainframe, personal​ computers, server​ networks, enterprise​ computing, and cloud computing

​a. general-purpose mainframe and minicomputer​ computing, personal​ computers, client/server​ networks, enterprise​ computing, and cloud and mobile computing (Technologies that characterize one era may also be used in another time period for other purposes. For​ example, some companies still run traditional mainframe systems or use mainframe computers as massive servers supporting large Web sites and corporate enterprise applications.)

29) Infrastructure as a service​ (IaaS) provides​ ________. a. a service that will never reach the market b. a service still in the experimental stage c. software in the cloud ​d. processing, storage, and networking resources e. a service that will never be financially viable

​d. processing, storage, and networking resources ​

39) Which of the following options is a page description language for generating Web pages​ (e.g., text, dynamic​ links)? a. XML b. HTML c. XBRL d. Internet e. Intranet

b. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language​ (HTML) is a page description language for specifying how text and graphics are placed on a Web page.) ​

42) The leading operating system on​ servers, mainframe​ computers, and supercomputers is​ ________. ​a. HP-UX b. Linux c. MVS d. Unix e. Microsoft Windows

b. Linux (Although Linux is not used in many desktop​ systems, it is a leading operating system on​ servers, mainframe​ computers, and supercomputers. Linux has become the operating system of choice in the​ high-performance computing​ market, powering 97 percent of the​ world's fastest computers.​ IBM, HP,​ Intel, Dell, and Oracle have made Linux a central part of their offerings to corporations.) ​

7) The Law of Mass Digital Storage suggests that the​ ________. a. amount of digital information remains the same each year b. amount of digital information doubles each year c. number of computer users doubles each year d. number of computers triples each year e. number of computers doubles each year

b. amount of digital information doubles each year

11) A model of computing that provides a shared pool of computing resources for an organization to use over the Internet is called​ ________. a. distributed computing b. cloud computing c. enterprise computing d. mobile computing e. client/server computing

b. cloud computing (Cloud computing refers to a model of computing that provides access to a shared pool of computing resources​ (computers, storage,​ applications, and​ services) over a​ network, often the Internet.) ​

10) All of the following are eras in IT infrastructure evolution except the​ ________. a. general purpose mainframe and​ mini-computer era b. disruptive technology era c. personal computer era d. enterprise computing era e. client/server era

b. disruptive technology era (A disruptive technology is one that radically changes the business environment. This is not considered an era.)

24) The amount that firms worldwide are expected to spend in 2018 on​ ________ is​ $704 billion. a. legacy software b. hardware devices c. software d. data base management systems e. Networks

b. hardware devices (including​ mainframes, servers,​ PCs, tablets, and smartphones. All these devices constitute the computer hardware platform for corporate​ (and personal) computing worldwide.)

55) Which list below contains all the factors you can use to answer the​ question: How much should our firm spend on IT​ infrastructure? a. Market demand for your​ firm's services, your​ firm's business​ strategy, your​ firm's IT​ strategy, infrastructure and​ cost, information technology​ assessment, competitor firm​ services, and competitor firm IT infrastructure investments b. Market demand for your​ competitor's services, your​ competitor's IT​ strategy, infrastructure, and​ cost, information technology​ assessment, competitor firm​ services, and competitor firm IT infrastructure investments c. Market demand for your​ firm's services, your​ firm's business​ strategy, your​ firm's IT​ strategy, infrastructure, and​ cost, information technology​ assessment, and competitor firm services d. Your​ firm's business​ strategy, your​ firm's IT​ strategy, infrastructure, and​ cost, information technology​ assessment, competitor software​ services, and competitor firm IT infrastructure investments e. Market demand for your​ firm's cloud​ services, your​ firm's software​ strategy, infrastructure, and​ cost, information technology​ assessment, competitor firm​ services, and competitor firm IT infrastructure investments

a. Market demand for your​ firm's services, your​ firm's business​ strategy, your​ firm's IT​ strategy, infrastructure and​ cost, information technology​ assessment, competitor firm​ services, and competitor firm IT infrastructure investments (Your firm does not necessarily need to spend as much​ as, or more​ than, your competitors. Perhaps it has discovered much​ less-expensive ways of providing​ services, and this can lead to a cost advantage.​ Alternatively, your firm may be spending far less than competitors and experiencing commensurate poor performance and losing market share.)

9) _______ provide​ data, voice, and video connectivity to customers. a. Telecommunication services b. IT management services c. Data management services d. Application software services e. Physical facilities management services

a. Telecommunication services (Telecommunications services provide​ data, voice, and video b. connectivity to​ employees, customers, and suppliers.)

35) All of the following are essential characteristics of the cloud EXCEPT​ ________. a. Web beacons b. ​location-independent resource pooling c. ubiquitous network access ​d. on-demand self-service e. rapid elasticity

a. Web beacons (Web​ beacons, also called Web bugs​ (or simply​ "tracking files"), are tiny software programs that keep a record of​ users' online clickstream and report this data back to whomever owns the tracking file which are invisibly embedded in​ e-mail messages and Web pages that are designed to monitor the behavior of the user visiting a Web site or sending​ e-mail. This is not an essential characteristic.)

33) The widespread use of personal devices in the workplace and school is often referred to as​ ________. a. bring your own device​ (BYOD) b. bring your own tablet​ (BYOT) c. bring your own laptop​ (BYOL) d. bring your own phone​ (BYOP) e. bring your own desktop​ (BYOD)

a. bring your own device​ (BYOD) (The​ popularity, ease of​ use, and rich array of useful applications for smartphones and tablet computers have created a groundswell of interest in allowing employees to use their personal mobile devices in the​ workplace, a phenomenon popularly called​ "bring your own​ device" (BYOD).)

4) Computer processing work that is split between a desktop computer and a more powerful computer that processes and stores shared​ data, serves up web​ pages, or manages network activities is called​ ________ . a. client/server b. cloud c. personal computer d. mainframe e. multitiered architectures ​

a. client/server (The simplest​ client/server network consists of a client computer networked to a server​ computer, with processing split between the two types of machines. This is called a​ two-tiered client/server architecture.)

36) BYOD is one aspect of the consumerization of​ IT, in which new information technology first emerges in the​ ________ and spreads into​ ________. a. consumer​ market; business organizations b. business​ organizations; consumer market c. American​ market; European market d. PC​ market; smartphone market e. smartphone​ market; PC market

a. consumer​ market; business organizations (The​ popularity, ease of​ use, and rich array of useful applications for smartphones and tablet computers have created a groundswell of interest in allowing employees to use their personal mobile devices in the​ workplace, a phenomenon popularly called​ "bring your own​ device" (BYOD).)

48) Competitor​ firms' IT services is​ a(n) ________ of the competitive forces model for IT infrastructure. a. external part b. internal part c. instructional component d. unnecessary part e. both external and internal part

a. external part

6) According to​ Moore's Law​ (1965), the ratio of price to performance has​ ________. a. fallen b. increased c. tripled d. stayed the same e. been impossible to calculate

a. fallen (Intel processors that were thousands of dollars in 1990 are now a fraction of a penny for the same device.)

51) All of the following are important questions about IT governance EXCEPT​ ________. a. allocation of infrastructure costs b. how data should be stored in a database c. relationship between central and distributed IT d. central versus distributed IT e. who will control and manage the​ firm's IT infrastructure

b. how data should be stored in a database (IT governance deals with more​ broad-based and​ higher-level issues.)

37) At some​ hospitals, doctors and nurses use​ ________ for​ hands-free access to patient records. a. smartphones b. smart eyewear c. iPads d. web cams e. video cams

b. smart eyewear ​

8) The size of a nanotube is about​ ________ thinner than a human hair. a. 5 times b. 100,000 times c. 10,000 times d. 100 times ​e. 1,000 times ​

c. 10,000 times

12) ________ states that the number of components that a computer chip can hold doubles every two years. ​a. Archimedes' principle b. The Law of Mass Digital Storage c. Moore's Law d. Metcalfe's Law ​e. Brooks' Law

c. Moore's Law (In​ 1965, Gordon​ Moore, the director of Fairchild​ Semiconductor's Research and Development​ Laboratories, an early manufacturer of integrated​ circuits, wrote in Electronics magazine that since the first microprocessor chip was introduced in​ 1959, the number of components on a chip with the smallest manufacturing costs per component​ (generally transistors) had doubled each year. This assertion became the foundation of​ Moore's Law.) ​

38) ________ is free software produced by a community of several hundred thousand programmers around the world. a. Java b. Mac OS c. Open source d. Cloud computing e. An iOS

c. Open source (According to​ OpenSource.org, open source software is free and can be modified by users. Works derived from the original code must also be free. Open source software is by definition not restricted to any specific operating system or hardware technology.)

17) A(n) ________ is a commercially available set of software programs that eliminate the need for a firm to write its own programs for business functions. a. cloud cluster b. data application c. enterprise software application d. application service e. operating systems platforms

c. enterprise software application (The resulting IT infrastructure links different pieces of computer hardware and smaller networks into an​ enterprise-wide network so that information can flow freely across the organization and between the firm and other organizations. It can link different types of computer​ hardware, including​ mainframes, servers,​ PCs, and mobile​ devices, and it includes public infrastructures such as the telephone​ system, the​ Internet, and public network services.) ​

2) An IT infrastructure includes​ ________. ​a. data, networks, and customers ​b. hardware, software,​ managers, and knowledge workers c. hardware, software, and services ​d. data, networks, and managers ​e. hardware, software, and managers

c. hardware, software, and services (such as​ consulting, education, and training.)

41) Free software produced by a team of hundreds of thousands of programmers around the world is called​ ________. a. commercial software b. legacy software c. open source software d. closed source software e. proprietary software

c. open source software

15) Regarding the IT infrastructure​ ecosystem, Microsoft​ Windows, Unix, and Mac OS X are examples of​ ________. a. enterprise software applications b. data management c. operating systems platforms d. Internet platforms e. networking/telecommunications

c. operating systems platforms (210 figure 5.8)

50) The ability of a​ computer, product, or system to expand to serve more users without breaking down is called​ ________. a. scopability b. immutability c. scalability ​d. self-healing e. expandability

c. scalability

21) ________ support(s) a​ firm's website and​ include(s) web hosting​ services, routers, and cabling or wireless equipment. a. Local area networks b. Network attached storage c. Flash drives d. Internet platforms e. Wide area networks

d. Internet platforms (Internet platforms include​ hardware, software, and management services to support a​ firm's website, including web hosting​ services, routers, and cabling or wireless equipment.) ​

43) ________ is an​ object-oriented programming language that is processor and operating system independent. a. C ​b. C++ c. Visual Basic d. Java e. ADA

d. Java (Java is an operating​ system-independent, processor-independent,​ object-oriented programming language that has become the leading interactive environment for the Web.)

22) ________ systems are older transaction processing​ systems, usually created for mainframes. a. Networked b. Database c. Transaction processing d. Legacy e. Software

d. Legacy (Legacy systems are generally older transaction processing systems created for mainframe computers that continue to be used to avoid the high cost of replacing or redesigning them.)

45) Which of the following is an open source operating​ system? a. Adobe Bridge b. OSx c. Windows 10 d. Linux e. Windows 7

d. Linux (Perhaps the most​ well-known open source software is​ Linux, an operating system related to Unix. Linux was created by the Finnish programmer Linus Torvalds and first posted on the Internet in August 1991.)

16) Regarding the IT infrastructure​ ecosystem, data management includes​ ________. a. SAP ​b. Unix, Linux, and Mac OS X c. Accenture d. Oracle, SQL​ Server, and MySQL e. Cisco

d. Oracle, SQL​ Server, and MySQL ​

44) A set of loosely coupled software components that exchange information with one another using universal standards and languages are called​ ________. ​a. service-oriented architecture b. HTML c. XML d. Web services e. Software packages

d. Web services

23) Nearly​ 90% percent of all PCs at the client level use which​ OS? a. Java b. Unix c. Linux d. Windows e. OSx

d. Windows (Nearly 90 percent of PCs use some form of the Microsoft Windows operating system​ (such as Windows​ 10, Windows​ 8, or Windows​ 7) to manage the resources and activities of the computer.)

31) A cloud​ ________. a. is a security software designed to protect data b. is someone who detects hackers c. is private d. can be private or public e. is public

d. can be private or public (A public cloud is owned and maintained by a cloud​ service, whereas a private cloud is operated solely for an organization.)

47) Your​ firm's business strategy is​ a(n) ________ of the competitive forces model for IT infrastructure. a. instructional component b. unnecessary part c. both external and internal part d. internal part e. external part

d. internal part

34) A type of computer that could be in many states at once is called a​ ________. a. nanocomputer b. blade server c. microcomputer d. quantum computer e. stateful computer

d. quantum computer (A quantum computer would gain enormous processing power through the ability to be in many different states at​ once, allowing it to perform multiple operations simultaneously and solve some scientific and business problems millions of times faster than can be done today.)

27) A positive regarding cloud computing includes​ ________. a. dependent on a vendor b. loss of control c. not knowing where data is physically located d. rapid elasticity e. dependent on management policy

d. rapid elasticity (If you need thousands of​ servers, you can readily scale up to use them with the cloud.)

52) The decision to purchase or rent IT assets is called the​ ________ decision. ​a. rent-to-own b. financing ​c. cost-based ​d. rent-versus-buy e. build versus buy

d. rent-versus-buy

28) Google Apps are an example of​ ________. a. platform as a product​ (PaaP) b. software as a product​ (SaaP) c. infrastructure as a service​ (IaaS) d. software as a service​ (SaaS) e. platform as a service​ (PaaS)

d. software as a service​ (SaaS)

53) All of the following are total cost of ownership infrastructure components EXCEPT​ ________. a. hardware acquisition b. software acquisition c. Installation d. staff salaries e. Training

d. staff salaries (Staff salaries are part of many of the total cost of ownership components but not a component by itself.)

25) Gipsi runs a manufacturing company. She recently invested in​ ________ computing devices because she wanted to improve productivity by delivering information to workers without requiring them to interrupt their tasks a. quantum b. cloud c. tablet d. wearable e. virtualization

d. wearable

46) What does HTML stand​ for? a. Hypertext Markup Link b. Hyperthread Markup Language c. Hypertext Manual Link ​d. Highlight-Text Markup Language e. Hypertext Markup Language

e. Hypertext Markup Language (HTML​ (Hypertext Markup​ Language) is a page description language for specifying how​ text, graphics,​ video, and sound are placed on a Web page and for creating dynamic links to other Web pages and objects.)

19) ​___________ are used to reliably and securely handle huge transaction​ volumes, analyze huge data​ sets, and support large workloads in cloud data centers. a. Laptop computers b. Tower computers c. Desktop computers d. Cloud computers e. Mainframe computers

e. Mainframe computers (Mainframes are still the digital workhorses of the IT infrastructure environment.)

18) ________ services ensure that a​ firm's new infrastructure works with the​ firm's older systems and that all parts of the​ firm's infrastructure work together. a. Accenture b. Web hosting c. Cloud computing d. Data management e. System integration

e. System integration (System integration means ensuring the new infrastructure works with the​ firm's older,​ so-called legacy systems and ensuring the new elements of the infrastructure work with one another.)

54) What does scalability refer​ to? a. The ability to access Web resources on desktop or mobile device b. The ability to add one application to another​ (add a database onto a Web​ page) on your systems c. The ability to weight links to your Web resource d. The ability of a system to​ "scale" across different operating systems e. The ability of a​ computer, product, or system to expand to serve a large number of users without breaking down

e. The ability of a​ computer, product, or system to expand to serve a large number of users without breaking down (As firms​ grow, they often quickly outgrow their infrastructure. As firms​ shrink, they can get stuck with excessive infrastructure purchased in better times. How can a firm remain flexible when most of the investments in IT infrastructure are​ fixed-cost purchases and​ licenses? Create scalable systems.)

40) ________ is a markup language that allows for tagging selected elements of the content of documents for their meanings and is used for transferring data. a. XBRL b. HTML c. Intranet d. Internet e. XML

e. XML (Beyond​ HTML, XML can perform​ presentation, communication, and storage of data.)

13) PeroxyChem's IT staff was able to free its IT staff to spend less time on routine maintenance and more time on strategic tasks designed to grow the business through​ ________. a. exclusive​ in-house hosting b. exclusive​ cloud-hosting c. the​ cross-factor cloud d. existing IT infrastructure e. a managed cloud infrastructure

e. a managed cloud infrastructure (PeroxyChem worked with IBM to migrate its existing systems to IBM's SoftLayer cloud computing infrastructure. This is a managed cloud infrastructure in which​ a. IBM, as a trusted and experienced third​ party, manages the​ organization's cloud computing​ activities, freeing the organization to focus on its core competencies.)

3) The typical computing configuration in 1960 was​ ________. a. personal computer b. cloud computing ​c. client/server d. enterprise computing e. mainframe

e. mainframe (The mainframe computer emerged in 1959.)

30) Salesforce's ________ provides a set of development tools and IT services that enable users to build new applications and run them in the cloud on their data center infrastructure. a. platform as a product​ (PaaP) b. software as a product​ (SaaP) c. software as a service​ (SaaS) d. infrastructure as a service​ (IaaS) e. platform as a service​ (PaaS)

e. platform as a service​ (PaaS) (Salesforce.com offers Force.com as a platform as a service​ (PaaS).)

32) All of the following are wearable computing devices EXCEPT​ ________. a. smart glasses b. smart badges c. smartwatches d. activity trackers e. tablet computers

e. tablet computers (Some examples of tablet computers are the iPad or the Kindle. These are too large to be wearable.)

26) Setting up a system so that it is not restricted by physical configuration or geographic location is an example of​ ________. a. a networking protocol b. a personal computer ​c. TCP/IP d. mainframe systems e. virtualization

e. virtualization (Virtualization is the process of presenting a set of computing​ resources, so they can all be accessed in ways that are not restricted by physical configuration or geographic location)