CIS 2200 Chapter 5 Mylab
20) ________ is a lightweight operating system for cloud computing. a. Google Chrome OS b. iOS c. Linux d. Microsoft Windows e. Android
a. Google Chrome OS (Google's Chrome OS provides a lightweight operating system for cloud computing using a Web-connected computer. Programs are not stored on the user's computer but are used over the Internet and accessed through the Chrome Web browser.)
1) A(n) ________ is defined as the shared technology resources that provide the platform for the firm's specific information systems applications. a. Information technology infrastructure b. management information systems (MIS) c. decision support system structure d. information systems (IS) e. institutional technology infrastructure
a. Information technology infrastructure
49) Which of the following options is NOT part of the competitive forces model for IT infrastructure investment? a. Competitor firm services b. Information technology assessment c. Your firm's business strategy d. Current supply like your firm's services e. Your firm's IT strategy, infrastructure, and cost
d. Current supply like your firm's services (Current DEMAND for your firm's services: Make an inventory of the services you currently provide to customers, suppliers, and employees. Survey each group or hold focus groups to find out if the services you currently offer are meeting the needs of each group.)
5) ________ refers to a model of computing that provides access to a shared pool of computing resources over the Internet. a. Personal computer b. Mainframe c. Client/server d. Cloud e. Enterprise
d. Cloud (Cloud computing refers to a model of computing that provides access to a shared pool of computing resources (computers, storage, applications, and services) over the network, often the Internet.)
14) The IT infrastructure in organizations today is an outgrowth of more than 50 years of evolution in computing platforms. There have been five stages in this evolution, each representing a different configuration of computing power and infrastructure elements. Select the list below with the correct five eras. a. general-purpose mainframe and minicomputer computing, personal computers, client/server networks, enterprise computing, and cloud and mobile computing b. general-purpose mainframe and minicomputer computing, military computers, client/server networks, enterprise computing, and cloud and mobile computing c. vacuum tube computers, transistor computers, microprocessor computer, enterprise computing, and cloud and mobile computing d. academic mainframe and commercial computing, military computers, client/server networks, enterprise computing, and cloud and mobile computing e. special-purpose mainframe, personal computers, server networks, enterprise computing, and cloud computing
a. general-purpose mainframe and minicomputer computing, personal computers, client/server networks, enterprise computing, and cloud and mobile computing (Technologies that characterize one era may also be used in another time period for other purposes. For example, some companies still run traditional mainframe systems or use mainframe computers as massive servers supporting large Web sites and corporate enterprise applications.)
29) Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) provides ________. a. a service that will never reach the market b. a service still in the experimental stage c. software in the cloud d. processing, storage, and networking resources e. a service that will never be financially viable
d. processing, storage, and networking resources
39) Which of the following options is a page description language for generating Web pages (e.g., text, dynamic links)? a. XML b. HTML c. XBRL d. Internet e. Intranet
b. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is a page description language for specifying how text and graphics are placed on a Web page.)
42) The leading operating system on servers, mainframe computers, and supercomputers is ________. a. HP-UX b. Linux c. MVS d. Unix e. Microsoft Windows
b. Linux (Although Linux is not used in many desktop systems, it is a leading operating system on servers, mainframe computers, and supercomputers. Linux has become the operating system of choice in the high-performance computing market, powering 97 percent of the world's fastest computers. IBM, HP, Intel, Dell, and Oracle have made Linux a central part of their offerings to corporations.)
7) The Law of Mass Digital Storage suggests that the ________. a. amount of digital information remains the same each year b. amount of digital information doubles each year c. number of computer users doubles each year d. number of computers triples each year e. number of computers doubles each year
b. amount of digital information doubles each year
11) A model of computing that provides a shared pool of computing resources for an organization to use over the Internet is called ________. a. distributed computing b. cloud computing c. enterprise computing d. mobile computing e. client/server computing
b. cloud computing (Cloud computing refers to a model of computing that provides access to a shared pool of computing resources (computers, storage, applications, and services) over a network, often the Internet.)
10) All of the following are eras in IT infrastructure evolution except the ________. a. general purpose mainframe and mini-computer era b. disruptive technology era c. personal computer era d. enterprise computing era e. client/server era
b. disruptive technology era (A disruptive technology is one that radically changes the business environment. This is not considered an era.)
24) The amount that firms worldwide are expected to spend in 2018 on ________ is $704 billion. a. legacy software b. hardware devices c. software d. data base management systems e. Networks
b. hardware devices (including mainframes, servers, PCs, tablets, and smartphones. All these devices constitute the computer hardware platform for corporate (and personal) computing worldwide.)
55) Which list below contains all the factors you can use to answer the question: How much should our firm spend on IT infrastructure? a. Market demand for your firm's services, your firm's business strategy, your firm's IT strategy, infrastructure and cost, information technology assessment, competitor firm services, and competitor firm IT infrastructure investments b. Market demand for your competitor's services, your competitor's IT strategy, infrastructure, and cost, information technology assessment, competitor firm services, and competitor firm IT infrastructure investments c. Market demand for your firm's services, your firm's business strategy, your firm's IT strategy, infrastructure, and cost, information technology assessment, and competitor firm services d. Your firm's business strategy, your firm's IT strategy, infrastructure, and cost, information technology assessment, competitor software services, and competitor firm IT infrastructure investments e. Market demand for your firm's cloud services, your firm's software strategy, infrastructure, and cost, information technology assessment, competitor firm services, and competitor firm IT infrastructure investments
a. Market demand for your firm's services, your firm's business strategy, your firm's IT strategy, infrastructure and cost, information technology assessment, competitor firm services, and competitor firm IT infrastructure investments (Your firm does not necessarily need to spend as much as, or more than, your competitors. Perhaps it has discovered much less-expensive ways of providing services, and this can lead to a cost advantage. Alternatively, your firm may be spending far less than competitors and experiencing commensurate poor performance and losing market share.)
9) _______ provide data, voice, and video connectivity to customers. a. Telecommunication services b. IT management services c. Data management services d. Application software services e. Physical facilities management services
a. Telecommunication services (Telecommunications services provide data, voice, and video b. connectivity to employees, customers, and suppliers.)
35) All of the following are essential characteristics of the cloud EXCEPT ________. a. Web beacons b. location-independent resource pooling c. ubiquitous network access d. on-demand self-service e. rapid elasticity
a. Web beacons (Web beacons, also called Web bugs (or simply "tracking files"), are tiny software programs that keep a record of users' online clickstream and report this data back to whomever owns the tracking file which are invisibly embedded in e-mail messages and Web pages that are designed to monitor the behavior of the user visiting a Web site or sending e-mail. This is not an essential characteristic.)
33) The widespread use of personal devices in the workplace and school is often referred to as ________. a. bring your own device (BYOD) b. bring your own tablet (BYOT) c. bring your own laptop (BYOL) d. bring your own phone (BYOP) e. bring your own desktop (BYOD)
a. bring your own device (BYOD) (The popularity, ease of use, and rich array of useful applications for smartphones and tablet computers have created a groundswell of interest in allowing employees to use their personal mobile devices in the workplace, a phenomenon popularly called "bring your own device" (BYOD).)
4) Computer processing work that is split between a desktop computer and a more powerful computer that processes and stores shared data, serves up web pages, or manages network activities is called ________ . a. client/server b. cloud c. personal computer d. mainframe e. multitiered architectures
a. client/server (The simplest client/server network consists of a client computer networked to a server computer, with processing split between the two types of machines. This is called a two-tiered client/server architecture.)
36) BYOD is one aspect of the consumerization of IT, in which new information technology first emerges in the ________ and spreads into ________. a. consumer market; business organizations b. business organizations; consumer market c. American market; European market d. PC market; smartphone market e. smartphone market; PC market
a. consumer market; business organizations (The popularity, ease of use, and rich array of useful applications for smartphones and tablet computers have created a groundswell of interest in allowing employees to use their personal mobile devices in the workplace, a phenomenon popularly called "bring your own device" (BYOD).)
48) Competitor firms' IT services is a(n) ________ of the competitive forces model for IT infrastructure. a. external part b. internal part c. instructional component d. unnecessary part e. both external and internal part
a. external part
6) According to Moore's Law (1965), the ratio of price to performance has ________. a. fallen b. increased c. tripled d. stayed the same e. been impossible to calculate
a. fallen (Intel processors that were thousands of dollars in 1990 are now a fraction of a penny for the same device.)
51) All of the following are important questions about IT governance EXCEPT ________. a. allocation of infrastructure costs b. how data should be stored in a database c. relationship between central and distributed IT d. central versus distributed IT e. who will control and manage the firm's IT infrastructure
b. how data should be stored in a database (IT governance deals with more broad-based and higher-level issues.)
37) At some hospitals, doctors and nurses use ________ for hands-free access to patient records. a. smartphones b. smart eyewear c. iPads d. web cams e. video cams
b. smart eyewear
8) The size of a nanotube is about ________ thinner than a human hair. a. 5 times b. 100,000 times c. 10,000 times d. 100 times e. 1,000 times
c. 10,000 times
12) ________ states that the number of components that a computer chip can hold doubles every two years. a. Archimedes' principle b. The Law of Mass Digital Storage c. Moore's Law d. Metcalfe's Law e. Brooks' Law
c. Moore's Law (In 1965, Gordon Moore, the director of Fairchild Semiconductor's Research and Development Laboratories, an early manufacturer of integrated circuits, wrote in Electronics magazine that since the first microprocessor chip was introduced in 1959, the number of components on a chip with the smallest manufacturing costs per component (generally transistors) had doubled each year. This assertion became the foundation of Moore's Law.)
38) ________ is free software produced by a community of several hundred thousand programmers around the world. a. Java b. Mac OS c. Open source d. Cloud computing e. An iOS
c. Open source (According to OpenSource.org, open source software is free and can be modified by users. Works derived from the original code must also be free. Open source software is by definition not restricted to any specific operating system or hardware technology.)
17) A(n) ________ is a commercially available set of software programs that eliminate the need for a firm to write its own programs for business functions. a. cloud cluster b. data application c. enterprise software application d. application service e. operating systems platforms
c. enterprise software application (The resulting IT infrastructure links different pieces of computer hardware and smaller networks into an enterprise-wide network so that information can flow freely across the organization and between the firm and other organizations. It can link different types of computer hardware, including mainframes, servers, PCs, and mobile devices, and it includes public infrastructures such as the telephone system, the Internet, and public network services.)
2) An IT infrastructure includes ________. a. data, networks, and customers b. hardware, software, managers, and knowledge workers c. hardware, software, and services d. data, networks, and managers e. hardware, software, and managers
c. hardware, software, and services (such as consulting, education, and training.)
41) Free software produced by a team of hundreds of thousands of programmers around the world is called ________. a. commercial software b. legacy software c. open source software d. closed source software e. proprietary software
c. open source software
15) Regarding the IT infrastructure ecosystem, Microsoft Windows, Unix, and Mac OS X are examples of ________. a. enterprise software applications b. data management c. operating systems platforms d. Internet platforms e. networking/telecommunications
c. operating systems platforms (210 figure 5.8)
50) The ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve more users without breaking down is called ________. a. scopability b. immutability c. scalability d. self-healing e. expandability
c. scalability
21) ________ support(s) a firm's website and include(s) web hosting services, routers, and cabling or wireless equipment. a. Local area networks b. Network attached storage c. Flash drives d. Internet platforms e. Wide area networks
d. Internet platforms (Internet platforms include hardware, software, and management services to support a firm's website, including web hosting services, routers, and cabling or wireless equipment.)
43) ________ is an object-oriented programming language that is processor and operating system independent. a. C b. C++ c. Visual Basic d. Java e. ADA
d. Java (Java is an operating system-independent, processor-independent, object-oriented programming language that has become the leading interactive environment for the Web.)
22) ________ systems are older transaction processing systems, usually created for mainframes. a. Networked b. Database c. Transaction processing d. Legacy e. Software
d. Legacy (Legacy systems are generally older transaction processing systems created for mainframe computers that continue to be used to avoid the high cost of replacing or redesigning them.)
45) Which of the following is an open source operating system? a. Adobe Bridge b. OSx c. Windows 10 d. Linux e. Windows 7
d. Linux (Perhaps the most well-known open source software is Linux, an operating system related to Unix. Linux was created by the Finnish programmer Linus Torvalds and first posted on the Internet in August 1991.)
16) Regarding the IT infrastructure ecosystem, data management includes ________. a. SAP b. Unix, Linux, and Mac OS X c. Accenture d. Oracle, SQL Server, and MySQL e. Cisco
d. Oracle, SQL Server, and MySQL
44) A set of loosely coupled software components that exchange information with one another using universal standards and languages are called ________. a. service-oriented architecture b. HTML c. XML d. Web services e. Software packages
d. Web services
23) Nearly 90% percent of all PCs at the client level use which OS? a. Java b. Unix c. Linux d. Windows e. OSx
d. Windows (Nearly 90 percent of PCs use some form of the Microsoft Windows operating system (such as Windows 10, Windows 8, or Windows 7) to manage the resources and activities of the computer.)
31) A cloud ________. a. is a security software designed to protect data b. is someone who detects hackers c. is private d. can be private or public e. is public
d. can be private or public (A public cloud is owned and maintained by a cloud service, whereas a private cloud is operated solely for an organization.)
47) Your firm's business strategy is a(n) ________ of the competitive forces model for IT infrastructure. a. instructional component b. unnecessary part c. both external and internal part d. internal part e. external part
d. internal part
34) A type of computer that could be in many states at once is called a ________. a. nanocomputer b. blade server c. microcomputer d. quantum computer e. stateful computer
d. quantum computer (A quantum computer would gain enormous processing power through the ability to be in many different states at once, allowing it to perform multiple operations simultaneously and solve some scientific and business problems millions of times faster than can be done today.)
27) A positive regarding cloud computing includes ________. a. dependent on a vendor b. loss of control c. not knowing where data is physically located d. rapid elasticity e. dependent on management policy
d. rapid elasticity (If you need thousands of servers, you can readily scale up to use them with the cloud.)
52) The decision to purchase or rent IT assets is called the ________ decision. a. rent-to-own b. financing c. cost-based d. rent-versus-buy e. build versus buy
d. rent-versus-buy
28) Google Apps are an example of ________. a. platform as a product (PaaP) b. software as a product (SaaP) c. infrastructure as a service (IaaS) d. software as a service (SaaS) e. platform as a service (PaaS)
d. software as a service (SaaS)
53) All of the following are total cost of ownership infrastructure components EXCEPT ________. a. hardware acquisition b. software acquisition c. Installation d. staff salaries e. Training
d. staff salaries (Staff salaries are part of many of the total cost of ownership components but not a component by itself.)
25) Gipsi runs a manufacturing company. She recently invested in ________ computing devices because she wanted to improve productivity by delivering information to workers without requiring them to interrupt their tasks a. quantum b. cloud c. tablet d. wearable e. virtualization
d. wearable
46) What does HTML stand for? a. Hypertext Markup Link b. Hyperthread Markup Language c. Hypertext Manual Link d. Highlight-Text Markup Language e. Hypertext Markup Language
e. Hypertext Markup Language (HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is a page description language for specifying how text, graphics, video, and sound are placed on a Web page and for creating dynamic links to other Web pages and objects.)
19) ___________ are used to reliably and securely handle huge transaction volumes, analyze huge data sets, and support large workloads in cloud data centers. a. Laptop computers b. Tower computers c. Desktop computers d. Cloud computers e. Mainframe computers
e. Mainframe computers (Mainframes are still the digital workhorses of the IT infrastructure environment.)
18) ________ services ensure that a firm's new infrastructure works with the firm's older systems and that all parts of the firm's infrastructure work together. a. Accenture b. Web hosting c. Cloud computing d. Data management e. System integration
e. System integration (System integration means ensuring the new infrastructure works with the firm's older, so-called legacy systems and ensuring the new elements of the infrastructure work with one another.)
54) What does scalability refer to? a. The ability to access Web resources on desktop or mobile device b. The ability to add one application to another (add a database onto a Web page) on your systems c. The ability to weight links to your Web resource d. The ability of a system to "scale" across different operating systems e. The ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a large number of users without breaking down
e. The ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a large number of users without breaking down (As firms grow, they often quickly outgrow their infrastructure. As firms shrink, they can get stuck with excessive infrastructure purchased in better times. How can a firm remain flexible when most of the investments in IT infrastructure are fixed-cost purchases and licenses? Create scalable systems.)
40) ________ is a markup language that allows for tagging selected elements of the content of documents for their meanings and is used for transferring data. a. XBRL b. HTML c. Intranet d. Internet e. XML
e. XML (Beyond HTML, XML can perform presentation, communication, and storage of data.)
13) PeroxyChem's IT staff was able to free its IT staff to spend less time on routine maintenance and more time on strategic tasks designed to grow the business through ________. a. exclusive in-house hosting b. exclusive cloud-hosting c. the cross-factor cloud d. existing IT infrastructure e. a managed cloud infrastructure
e. a managed cloud infrastructure (PeroxyChem worked with IBM to migrate its existing systems to IBM's SoftLayer cloud computing infrastructure. This is a managed cloud infrastructure in which a. IBM, as a trusted and experienced third party, manages the organization's cloud computing activities, freeing the organization to focus on its core competencies.)
3) The typical computing configuration in 1960 was ________. a. personal computer b. cloud computing c. client/server d. enterprise computing e. mainframe
e. mainframe (The mainframe computer emerged in 1959.)
30) Salesforce's ________ provides a set of development tools and IT services that enable users to build new applications and run them in the cloud on their data center infrastructure. a. platform as a product (PaaP) b. software as a product (SaaP) c. software as a service (SaaS) d. infrastructure as a service (IaaS) e. platform as a service (PaaS)
e. platform as a service (PaaS) (Salesforce.com offers Force.com as a platform as a service (PaaS).)
32) All of the following are wearable computing devices EXCEPT ________. a. smart glasses b. smart badges c. smartwatches d. activity trackers e. tablet computers
e. tablet computers (Some examples of tablet computers are the iPad or the Kindle. These are too large to be wearable.)
26) Setting up a system so that it is not restricted by physical configuration or geographic location is an example of ________. a. a networking protocol b. a personal computer c. TCP/IP d. mainframe systems e. virtualization
e. virtualization (Virtualization is the process of presenting a set of computing resources, so they can all be accessed in ways that are not restricted by physical configuration or geographic location)