CIS MIDTERM

Which of the following is true about clear-box testing? A. the test cases are based on the code B. the test cases are based on the input C. the test cases are based on the output D. the testing is performed by dedicated testers E. the testing is performed each time the program changes

A. the test cases are based on the code

Which of the following lists all possible input combinations for a gate, and the corresponding output? A. truth table B. Boolean expression C. logic diagram D. circuit E. S-R latch

A. truth table

What is the purpose of a compiler? A. translate machine language into assembly language B. translate high-level language into machine language C. translate FORTRAN into COBOL D. translate machine language into FORTRAN E. translate application programs into system programs

A. translate machine language into assembly language

How many digits are there in the binary number system? A. 1 B. 2 C. 7 D. 8 E. 9

B. 2

What is the minimum number of bits needed to represent 6 things? A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 6 E. 8

B. 3

What machine is considered by many to be the first all-programmable electronic digital computer? A. Analytical Engine B. Colossus C. ENIAC D. UNIVAC I E. Z1

B. Colossus

Which gate does the following Boolean expression represent? X = (A x B)' A. AND B. NAND C. XOR D. OR E. NOR F. NOT

B. NAND

Which gate produces a 0 if all its inputs are 1 and a 1 otherwise? A. AND B. NAND C. XOR D. OR E. NOR F. NOT

B. NAND

Which of the following represents a set of unambiguous instructions for solving a problem in a finite amount of time using a finite set of data? A. pseudocode B. algorithm C. program construct D. problem specification E. problem analysis

B. algorithm

Which of the following phrases best describes a Turing machine? A. a device for integrating many chips on one circuit board B. an abstract mathematical model of computing C. the first electronic digital computer D. the first successful memory storage device E. the first computer capable of network communication

B. an abstract mathematical model of computing

Which technique for representing numeric data uses ten's complement to represent negative values? A. signed-magnitude B. fixed-sized numbers C. floating point D. radix point E. scientific notation

B. fixed-sized numbers

Which of the following can be used to express the value of every number in any number system? A. quotient B. polynomial C. rational number D. radix

B. polynomial

To which hardware generation does core memory belong? A. first B. second C. third D. fourth

B. second

What does pulse-code modulation (PCM) describe? A. the behavior of a continuous analog signal B. the behavior of a digital signal, which jumps between two extremes C. the behavior of a compressed signal D. the loss of data as a signal degrades E. the loss of data due to compression

B. the behavior of a digital signal, which jumps between two extremes

Which of the following is true about vector graphics? A. they represent real-world images very well B. they do not represent each pixel individually C. JPEG is a vector graphics format D. GIF is a vector graphics format E. they rely on spatial compression

B. they do not represent each pixel individually

Which number represents the value of the base in every number system? A. 0 B. 1 C. 10 D. 11 E. 100

C. 10

In which decade was the first generation of computers developed? A. 1930s B. 1940s C. 1950s D. 1960s E. 1970s

C. 1950s

How big is the Pep/8 instruction register? A. 8 bits B. 16 bits C. 24 bits D. 32 bits E. 64 bits

C. 24 bits

Which of the following represent the function(s) of the accumulator (A register)? A. The accumulator holds data ONLY. B. The accumulator holds the results of the computer operations ONLY. C. The accumulator holds data AND the results of computer operations. D. The accumulator holds the address of the next instruction to be executed. E. The accumulator holds the copy of the instruction currently being executed.

C. The accumulator holds data AND the results of computer operations.

Which gate produces the sum portion of two binary digits in a half adder? A. AND B. NAND C. XOR D. OR E. NOR F. NOT

C. XOR

What causes numeric overflow? A. using fixed-sized numbers in a floating-point calculation B. a calculation producing an invalid result C. a calculation producing a value that won't fit into the allotted space D. using a radix point instead of a decimal point E. using a radix point in a fixed-sized number calculation

C. a calculation producing a value that won't fit into the allotted space

Which Pep/8 addressing mode indicates that the operand contains data rather than the location of data? A. accumulator B. direct C. immediate D. virtual E. status

C. immediate

Which of the following describes a natural number, the negative of a natural number, or zero? A. number B. imaginary number C. integer D. negative number E. rational number

C. integer

The central processing unit of a computer is which of the following? A. gate B. stand-alone circuit C. integrated circuit D. S-R latch E. multiplexer F. full adder

C. integrated circuit

What is the name of a solid piece of silicon that contains transistors, other components, and their connections? A. workstation B. server C. integrated circuit D. motherboard E. magnetic disk

C. integrated circuit

Which text compression technique replaces a frequently used word with a single character? A. run-length encoding B. character set encoding C. keyword encoding D. Huffman encoding E. ASCII encoding

C. keyword encoding

Which of the following is the ability for a subprogram to call itself? A. argument B. parameter C. recursion D. nested logic E. information hiding

C. recursion

Which of the following makes use of keyframes and delta frames? A. temporal compression of audio B. spatial compression of audio C. temporal compression of video D. spatial compression of video E. audio extraction from video data

C. temporal compression of video

How many comparisons will be needed using a sequential search to find the value 69 in the following array? [0] [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] 14 27 29 38 42 55 57 61 64 69 77 79 84 A. 1 B. 2 C. 9 D. 10 E. 12

D. 10

What is the decimal value of the largest digit in the hexadecimal number system? A. 0 B. 9 C. 10 D. 15 E. 16

D. 15

Which text compression technique uses variable-length binary strings to represent characters, assigning frequently used characters short codes? A. run-length encoding B. character set encoding C. keyword encoding D. Huffman encoding E. ASCII encoding

D. Huffman encoding

Which register holds the results of operations? A. program counter B. instruction register C. index register D. accumulator E. status register

D. accumulator

What is the lowest base in which the number 987 could be a valid number? A. binary B. base 3 C. octal D. decimal E. hexadecimal

D. decimal

Which of the following terms best describes the concept of abstraction? A. exposing difficulty B. hiding quantity C. exposing distance D. hiding details E. exposing representation

D. hiding details

The following equation is an example of which Boolean algebra property? A1 = A A. commutative B. associative C. distributive D. identity E. complement F. DeMorgan's law

D. identity

Which of the following best describes the number of characters that can be represented in the Unicode character set? A. 256 B. 1024 C. over 10,000 D. over 65,000 E. over 100,000

D. over 65,000

When a pilot flies a commercial airliner, what property represents his or her view of the plane? A. information hiding B. abstraction C. data abstraction D. procedural abstraction E. encapsulation

D. procedural abstraction

Which problem is caused most directly by the existence of two representations of zero within a computer? A. incorrect results B. increased cost C. slower calculations D. unnecessary complexity E. wasted memory

D. unnecessary complexity

Which unit of binary storage has a size that is processor-dependent? A. byte B. nibble C. bit D. word E. block

D. word

Who proposed that a punched card be used for counting the census? A. Leibniz B. Pascal C. Babbage D. Lovelace E. Hollerith

E. Hollerith

By what name are input devices, output devices, and auxiliary storage devices collectively known? A. interactive devices B. secondary memory devices C. cache D. user devices E. peripheral devices

E. peripheral devices

Which of the following is an integer or the quotient of two integers (excluding division by zero)? A. number B. natural number C. integer D. negative number E. rational number

E. rational number

Which of the following is an application package? A. FORTRAN B. assembly language C. C++ D. object-oriented program E. word processor

E. word processor

The following equation is an example of which Boolean algebra property? (AB)' = A' + B' A. commutative B. associative C. distributive D. identity E. complement F. DeMorgan's law

F. DeMorgan's law

True or False? Binary numbers are important in computing because numbers in every base can be converted into them.

False

True or False? Binary numbers can be converted to octal, but not to hexadecimal.

False

True or False? Each pass of a bubble sort selects one item and puts it in its final sorted position.

False

True or False? Grace Murray Hopper is credited with being the first programmer.

False

True or False? Infinite recursion occurs because there is no general case.

False

True or False? Run-length encoding replaces common words with shorter symbols.

False

True or False? The JPEG image format is best used for line art, while the GIF format is superior for photographic images.

False

True or False? The Rosetta stone contains the same content in five different languages.

False

True or False? The inversion bubble of a NAND gate causes its inputs to be negated.

False

True or False? The topic areas in the 1989 computer science curriculum model are the same as those in the 2001 model.

False

True or False? A binary search requires that the data be sorted.

True

True or False? A circuit is a combination of gates designed to accomplish a more complex logical function.

True

True or False? A concrete step is one that does not need to be expanded further.

True

True or False? A logic diagram and a truth table are equally powerful techniques for describing the behavior of a circuit.

True

True or False? A single integrated circuit can have more than 100,000 gates on it.

True

True or False? A systems programmer writes programs that make it easier for others to program.

True

True or False? A video codec specifies how a movie is compressed.

True

True or False? An OR gate is sometimes referred to as an inclusive OR.

True

True or False? An abstraction is a mental model that removes or hides complex details.

True

True or False? An assembler translates assembly-language programs into machine code.

True

True or False? Assembly language is an abstraction, hiding some of the details that occur at the machine language level.

True

True or False? Digital electronic circuits distinguish between two values of interest (binary 0 and 1) by the voltage level of the signal.

True

True or False? Each storage location in a computer must contain either a 0 or a 1

True

True or False? Electronic signals are easier to manage if they transfer only binary data.

True

True or False? Keyword encoding is a type of text compression.

True

True or False? Magnetic disks were introduced in the second generation of computer hardware.

True

True or False? Object-oriented design is currently the dominant approach for large programming projects.

True

True or False? Spreadsheets and word processors are examples of software applications.

True

True or False? Starting from the right, every group of four binary digits can be read as one hexadecimal digit.

True

True or False? The OR and XOR gates produce different outputs in only one case.

True

True or False? The base of a number system determines the number of digits used in the system.

True

True or False? The digits used in base 8 are 0 through 7.

True

True or False? The term radix point is used instead of decimal point in bases other than 10.

True

True or False? Two-thirds is a rational number.

True

How big is the Pep/8 accumulator? A. 8 bits B. 16 bits C. 24 bits D. 32 bits E. 64 bits

B. 16 bits

In base 16, the digit E corresponds to what decimal value? A. 1 B. 10 C. 12 D. 14 E. 15

D. 14

Which gate produces a 0 only if all its inputs are 0 and a 1 otherwise? A. AND B. NAND C. XOR D. OR E. NOR F. NOT

D. OR

Which gate does the following Boolean expression represent? X = A' A. AND B. NAND C. XOR D. OR E. NOR F. NOT

F. NOT

Which gate does the following logic symbol represent? -I>o- A. AND B. NAND C. XOR D. OR E. NOR F. NOT

F. NOT

Which gate does the following truth table represent? A X 0 1 1 0 A. AND B. NAND C. XOR D. OR E. NOR F. NOT

F. NOT

True or False? A compact disk (CD) stores audio information as an analog signal.

False

True or False? A linker puts a program's instructions into memory where they can be executed.

False

True or False? A voltage level in the range 0 to 2 volts is interpreted as a binary 1.

False

True or False? An assembler is used to execute an assembly language program directly on the central processing unit.

False

True or False? An audio sampling rate of about 40 times per second is generally enough to create a reasonable sound reproduction.

False

Which number represents the same value in every number system? A. 0 B. 1000 C. 10 D. 11 E. 100

A. 0

Who built the first mechanical machine that did addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division? A. Leibniz B. Pascal C. Babbage D. Lovelace E. Hollerith

A. Leibniz

What is the lowest base in which the number 10 could be a valid number? A. binary B. base 3 C. octal D. decimal E. hexadecimal

A. binary

In which software generation did the distinction between systems programmers and other programmers first surface? A. first B. second C. third D. fourth E. fifth

A. first

What is the practice of hiding the details of a module with the goal of controlling access to the details of the module? A. information hiding B. abstraction C. data abstraction D. procedural abstraction E. control abstraction

A. information hiding

What fundamental mathematical principle underlies the effectiveness of the Quicksort algorithm to sort certain lists of data elements rapidly? A. recursion B. n factorial C. information hiding D. procedural abstraction E. artificial intelligence

A. recursion

How many digits are there in the decimal number system? A. 0 B. 9 C. 10 D. 15 E. 16

C. 10

How many things can be represented using three bits? A. 3 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8 E. 12

E. 12

Which gate produces a 1 if all its inputs are 0 and a 0 otherwise? A. AND B. NAND C. XOR D. OR E. NOR F. NOT

E. NOR

True or False? Desk checking is the process of tracing the execution of a design on paper.

True

Which technique for representing numeric data has two forms of zero? A. signed-magnitude B. fixed-sized numbers C. floating point D. ten's complement E. scientific notation

A. signed-magnitude