Classification of Matter- Chemistry

Examples of elements

-Carbon -Helium -Gold

Examples of compound (pure substance)

-Carbon Dioxide (CO2) -Water (H2O) -Salt (NaCl) -Sucrose (C12H22O11)

Colloids

-Colloids are solutions -They can be described as a substance trapped inside another substance. -They can be identified by their characteristic scattering of light called the Tyndall effect.

Homogenous Mixture-

-Components are evenly mixed (More pure than heterogenous) -Cannot see the parts

Mixture-

-If a sample of sand contains iron and salt, how could you separate them from the other minerals.

Example of Homogenous Mixture

-Salt water contains salt and water, but are mixed all the way to the atomic level, but it can still be separated by physical means.

Example of Heterogenous Mixture-

-Sand -Granite -Wood -Chex Mix -Chocolate chip ice cream -Milk -Blood

Mixture (more info)

-Some mixtures are more pure than others

Elements

-Substances made up of only one type of atom. -CANNOT be separated by any PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL processes.

Solution Examples

-Sugar Water -Salt Water

Mixture

-Two or more pure substances mixed together. -Each substance in the mixture retains its own set of chemical and physical properties.

Heterogenous Mixture-

-Uneven distribution of substances. (very impure)

example of compounds being separated

-Water can be separated into Hydrogen and Oxygen by a process called Electrolysis

Other colloids

-fog -smoke -glue -gelatin -mayonnaise

Suspension Example

-oil and water -water and sand

Suspension

-the particles in suspensions are larger than those found in solutions. Components of a suspension an be evenly distributed by mechanical means, shaking the contents, but the components will settle out.

Compounds can only be separated by....

A CHEMICAL REACTION

Pure substances

Can be divided into two categories: compounds and elements.

Example of Collpid

For example: air trapped inside the fat molecules in the whipped cream; milk

Pure Substance

Matter that has only 1 set of chemical and physical properties.

Compounds only have....

ONE set of properties. They CANNOT be separated by any physical processes

Classification of matter

One way chemists classify matter is based on its purity.

Pure substance example:

Pure water has the exact same chemical and physical properties under the same conditions.

Solutions

Solutions are homogenous mixtures that do not scatter light. These mixtures are created when something is completely dissolved in pure water. Therefore, they are easily separated y distillation or evaporation

Compound

Two or more elements chemically bonded together.

Mixture (more info)

Unlike pure substances, mixtures can always be separated by physical means.