Clinical Chem Questions

1.19. True or False? Laboratory liquid-in-glass thermometers should be calibrated against an NIST-certified thermometer.

True

1.4. What is the dilution factor for a solution containing 100 g of NaCl made up to 500 mL with distilled water? a. 1:5 or 1/5 b. 5 c. 50 or 1/50 d. 10

a

1.1. What is the molarity for a solution containing 100 g of NaCl made up to 500 mL with distilled water? Assume a gram molecular weight (from periodic table) of approximately 58 grams. a. 3.45 M b. 1.72 M c. 290M d. 5.27 Mp

A

1.14. A 24-hour urine has a total volume of 1,200 mL. A 1:200 dilution of the urine specimen gives a creatinine result of 0.8 mg/dL. The serum value is 1.2 mg/dL. What is the final value of creatinine in mg/dL in the undiluted urine sample? a. 160 b. 0.8 c. 960 d. 860

A

1.15. A 24-hour urine has a total volume of 1,200 mL. A 1:200 dilution of the urine specimen gives a creatinine result of 0.8 mg/dL. The serum value is 1.2 mg/dL. What is the result in terms of grams per 24 hours? a. 1.92 b. 0.08 c. 80 d. 19

A

1.2. What is the normality for a solution containing 100 g of NaCl made up to 500 mL with distilled water? Assume a gram molecular weight (from periodic table) of approximately 58 g. a. 3.45 b. 0.86 c. 1.72 d. 6.9

A

1.20. Which of the following containers is calibrated to hold only one exact volume of liquid? a. Volumetric flask b. Erlenmeyer flask c. Griffin beaker d. Graduated cylinder

A

1.3. What is the percent (w/v) for a solution containing 100 g of NaCl made up to 500 mL with distilled water? a. 20% b. 5% c. 29% d. 58%

A

1.5. What is the value in mg/dL for a solution containing 10 mg of CaCl2 made with 100 mL of distilled water? a. 10 b. 100 c. 50 d. Cannot determine without additional information

A

1.6. What is the molarity of a solution containing 10 mg of CaCl2 made with 100 mL of distilled water? Assume a gram molecular weight from the periodic table of approximately 111 g. a. 9 × 10−4 b. 1.1 × 10−3 c. 11.1 d. 90

A

1.9. Using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, give the ratio of salt to weak acid for a Veronal buffer with a pH of 8.6 and a pKa of 7.43. a. 14.7/1 b. 1/8.6 c. 1.17/1 d. 1/4.3

A

2.3. Proper PPE in the chemistry laboratory for routine testing includes a. Impermeable lab coat with eye/face protection and appropriate disposable gloves b. Respirators with HEPA filter c. Gloves with rubberized sleeves d. Safety glasses for individuals not wearing contact lenses

A

2.5. Which of the following is the proper means of disposal for the type of waste? a. Microbiologic waste by steam sterilization b. Xylene into the sewer system c. Mercury by burial d. Radioactive waste by incineration

A

2.7. Which of the following are examples of nonionizing radiation? a. Ultraviolet light and microwaves b. Gamma rays and x-rays c. Alpha and beta radiation d. Neutron and beta radiation

A

3.1. A Gaussian distribution is usually a. Bell shaped b. Rectangular c. Uniform d. Skewed

A

3.2. The following chloride (mmol/L) results were obtained using a new analyzer: 106 111 104 106 112 110 115 127 83 110 108 109 83 119 105 106 108 114 120 100 107 110 109 102 What is the mean? a. 108 b. 105 c. 109 d. 107

A

3.3. 106 111 104 106 112 110 115 127 83 110 108 109 83 119 105 106 108 114 120 100 107 110 109 102 What is the mean? a. 108.5 b. 105 c. 112 d. 107

A

3.4. For a data value set that is Gaussian distributed, what is the likelihood (%) that a data point will be within ±1 SD from the mean? a. 68% b. 99% c. 95% d. 100%

A

3.5. The correlation coefficient a. Indicates the strength of relationship in a linear regression b. Determines the regression type used to derive the slope and y-intercept c. Is always expressed as "b" d. Expresses method imprecision

A

3.7. Systematic error can best be described as consisting of A. Constant and proportional error B. Constant error C. Proportional error D. Random error E. Syntax error

A

3.8. Examples of typical reference interval data distribution plots include all of the following except a. ROC b. Nonparametric c. Parametric d. Bimodal

A

2.4. A fire caused by a flammable liquid should be extinguished using which type of extinguisher? a. Class B b. Halogen c. Pressurized water d. Class C

B

2.8. One liter of 4 N sodium hydroxide (strong base) in a glass 1 L beaker accidentally fell and spilled on the laboratory floor. The first step is to: a. Call 911 b. Alert and evacuate those in the immediate area out of harm's way c. Throw some kitty litter on the spill d. Squirt water on the spill to dilute the chemical e. Neutralize with absorbing materials in a nearby spill kit

B

2.1. Which of the following standards requires that SDSs are accessible to all employees who come in contact with a hazardous compound? a. Hazard Communication Standard b. Bloodborne Pathogen Standard c. CDC Regulations d. Personal Protection Equipment Standard

a

2.2. Chemicals should be stored a. According to their chemical properties and classification b. Alphabetically, for easy accessibility c. Inside a safety cabinet with proper ventilation d. Inside a fume hood, if toxic vapors can be released when opened

a

2.6. What are the major contributing factors to repetitive strain injuries? a. Position/posture, applied force, and frequency of repetition b. Inattention on the part of the laboratorian c. Temperature and vibration d. Fatigue, clumsiness, and lack of coordination

a

3.6. If two methods agree perfectly in a method comparison study, the slope equals and the y-intercept equals. a. 1.0, 0.0 b. 0.0, 1.0 c. 1.0, 1.0 d. 0.0, 0.0 e. 0.5, 0.5

b

1.21. Which of the following does NOT require calibration in the clinical laboratory? a. Electronic balance b. Liquid-in-glass thermometer c. Centrifuge volumetric flask d. Volumetric flask e. Air-displacement pipette

d

1.22. Which of the following errors is NOT considered a preanalytical error? a. During a phlebotomy procedure, the patient is opening and clenching his fist multiple times. b. The blood was not permitted to clot and spun in a centrifuge after 6 minutes of collection. c. The patient was improperly identified leading to a mislabeled blood sample. d. The serum sample was diluted with tap water. e. During phlebotomy, the EDTA tube was collected prior to the red clot tube.

d

1.16. A new medical technologist was selecting analyte standards to develop a standard curve for a high- performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) procedure. This analyte must have a 100% purity level and must be suitable for HPLC. Which of the following labels would be most appropriate for this procedure? a. ACS with no impurities listed b. USP c. NF d. CP e. ACS with impurities listed

e

1.18. A patient's serum sample was placed on the chemistry analyzer and the output indicated "out of range" for the measurement of creatine kinase (CK) enzyme. A dilution of the patient serum was required. Which of the following should be used to prepare a dilution of patient serum? a. Deionized water b. Tap water c. Another patient's serum with confirmed, low levels of CK d. Type III water e. Type I water

e

2.9. Of the following, which is NOT reportable to the Department of Labor? a. A laboratorian with a persistent cough that is only triggered at work b. A laboratorian that experienced a chemical burn c. A laboratorian that tripped in the lab and hit her head on the lab bench rendering her unconscious d. A laboratorian that was stuck by a contaminated needle after performing phlebotomy on a patient e. A laboratorian that forgot to wear his lab coat and gloves while diluting patient serum

e