cog psych exam 2

The duration of short-term memory, when rehearsal is prevented, is about

15-20 sec or less

The capacity of short-term memory is ______.

seven plus or minus two

Remembering how you felt in your 16th birthday party and the details of what you spoke about with your friends and family is an example of ______.

episodic

Which of the following components are part of the modal model of memory?

sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory.

An intermediate memory storage called ______ processes perceptual information transferred from ______.

short-term memory; sensory memory

It is easier to perform two tasks at the same time if

one is processed by the visuospatial sketch pad and one is processed by the phonological loop.

The capacity of short-term memory is about

somewhat small, holding only about seven items at one time.

Digit span is one measure of capacity of

stm

Which of the following statements is the most accurate with regard to autobiographical memories?

Autobiographical memories can involve both episodic and semantic content.

Which of the following is not a stage in the information processing model of memory

Episodic memory

Which of these is NOT an example of implicit memory?

Semantic memory

Neuropsychological evidence indicates that short- and long-term memories are probably

caused by different mechanisms that act somewhat independently

Explicit memory is acquired and used ___________ while implicit memory is used ___________.

consciously; unconsciously

The results of the the serial position curve shows that delaying the memory test for 30 seconds

decreases the recency effect.

The research by Ericsson and colleagues (1980) examined the ability of a college student to achieve amazing feats of memory by having him remember strings of random digits that were recited to him. They found that this student used his experience with running times to help him retain these strings of numbers. The significance of this finding was that

digit span can test stm

What's one of the reason why people use chunking?

increases the efficiency of stm

We discussed the case of a patient who had difficulty remembering facts she knew before. She could, however, remember her life events and details of her daily tasks. This implies that the patient has

intact episodic memory but defective semantic memory.

Which of the following can explain the primacy effect?

Information is still active in short-term memory when recall occurs.

Which of the following is true about episodic memory?

It involves mental time travel.

Being able to recall what you had for breakfast yesterday is an example of ______.

LTM

What are some of the main conclusions of Keppel & Underwood (1962) study in which they replicated Peterson & Peterson (1959) study

Poor memory performance after an 18-second delay was not due to decay but to retroactive and proactive interference

The double dissociation in patient HM and KF shows that

Short-term memory can operate somewhat normally while long-term memory can be impaired.

The episodic buffer directly connects to which two components in Baddeley's model of memory?

The central executive and long-term memory

Brief sensory memory for sound is known as

echoic memory

What was one of the ways in which researchers measured the limited capacity of patient KF's short-term memory?

measured his digit span

When your friend moves a flashlight left to right across a wall in a darkened room, it appears to leave a trail of light. This experience is an effect of memory that occurs because of

persistence of vision

Old information interfering with the storage or retrieval of new information is to ______ as new information interfering with the storage of retrieval of old information is to ______.

proactive interference; retroactive interference

Which of the following is most closely associated with implicit memory?

the propaganda effect

In Wickens et al. (1976)'s experiment, they ask participants to memorize list of words in the categoty of fruits and professions. The experiment failed to show a release from proactive interference in the "fruit" group because

the stimulus category changed.

The capacity of long-term memory appears to be ______.

unlimited

Imagine yourself walking from your dorm to your first class on a Monday. Your ability to form such a picture in your mind depends on which of the following components of working memory?

visuospatial sketch pad

What kind of memory involves knowing the date and time when your favorite music video premiered?

semantic

What kind of memory involves remembering being really excited two years ago, when you were able to meet your favorite rapper at a concert?

episodic

As we age, our memories of past experiences tend to go through semanticization, which mean there is an emphasis on ________.

facts

Lili wants to learn to ride her bike without training wheels. Her father takes her to a parking lot and explain how to keep her balance and pedal fast enough to safely ride her bike. Lili tries a few times and within 45 minutes, she learns how to ride the bike almost effortlessly. These learned skills that Lili has acquired are an example of ___________.

Procedural

Clive Wearing lost his ability to form new memories when he contracted viral encephalitis, which destroyed _________.

hippocampus

Patient H.M. had surgery to reduce seizures from epilepsy, which entailed removal of the ___________ that is known to be crucial for the formation of long-term memories.

hippocampus