COM 371

Which of the following might explain why early intercultural researchers paid little attention to intercultural communication in domestic contexts?

Most of the researchers had international intercultural experience.

Culture primarily functions at a subconscious level.

True

Which methods are primarily used in the critical approach to intercultural communication?

text and media analyses

The acceptance of multiple perspectives toward defining culture enables a researcher to more narrowly define what culture is.

False

The assumption that language shapes our ideas and guides our view of social reality is called the Gudykunst hypothesis.

False

The dialectical perspective suggests that people are either privileged or disadvantaged depending on the culture to which they belong.

False

The disempowered are unable to negotiate power.

False

The goal of researchers who study human behavior from the interpretive perspective is to explain and predict human behavior.

False

The relationship between communication and culture may be best described by saying that culture has tremendous influence on communication but that communication only moderately affects culture.

False

The training that is meant to facilitate intercultural communication among various gender, ethnic and racial groups in the United States is called cross-cultural training.

False

In what way has cultural studies influenced the study of intercultural communication?

It has brought attention to the cultural groups that are trying to negotiate their identities in the United States.

Which of the following is true about the development of the intercultural communication area of study

It originated with scholars looking for practical answers to help overseas workers.

The strength of the interpretivist approach is that it provides an in-depth understanding of communication patterns in particular cultural communities.

True

Dominance, harmony, and subjugation are all value orientations that correspond to which of the following cultural problems?

What is the relationship of humans to nature?

When ethnographers of communication suggest that observed cultural patterns are "deeply felt," it means that the patterns must be sensed collectively by members of the cultural group.

True

Hofstede defined culture as

a programming of the mind

Carbaugh suggests that the concept of culture is defined by patterns of symbolic action and meaning that are

widely accessible. commonly intelligible. deeply felt.

Hall suggests that different cultural groups have different rules for personal space and that these affect intercultural communication.

True

The dialectical approach reminds us that the context may determine which value a person manifests at a given time.

True

The social science approach to intercultural communication places emphasis on the role of perception in cultural patterns.

True

Uncertainty avoidance is practiced only in a few cultures.

False

Which of the descriptions below is NOT an accurate representation of the relationship between communication and culture?

Culture and communication are not really related to each other.

Early intercultural communication research was dictated by the needs of middle-class U.S. professionals conducting business overseas.

False

Experiences of U.S government and business personnel working overseas after World War II suggest that language training alone is a sufficient form of preparation for working in foreign countries.

False

In intercultural interactions, the status of the communicators has very little effect on their communication.

False

Most people share equal power in communication interactions.

False

Researchers from the interpretive perspective assume the existence of an external reality that can be described by researchers.

False

Social science, interpretivist, and critical perspectives are contradictory and cannot be connected in ways that help us better understand social reality.

False

When researchers study culture as performative, what are they examining?

They are studying the way people enact and represent their worldviews.

Which is true of traditional definitions of culture in intercultural communication studies?

They focused on the nation-state or ethnic group level of culture.

Worldviews are

assumptions about the nature of reality and human behavior.

A culture in which importance is placed on the family or work teams over the individual has a high degree of

collectivism.

"A symbolic process whereby reality is produced, maintained, repaired and transformed" is a definition of

communication

Which approach to intercultural communication has the goal of initiating social change?

critical

The worldview and the set of deeply held beliefs of a cultural group defines

cultural values

A social science approach to defining culture would include which of the following?

culture is learned and shared

The goals for the social science approach are to

describe and predict human behavior.

The social science approach is also called the

functionalist approach

Researchers using a critical perspective attempt to explain

how macrocontexts such as political structures influence communication.

Religions such as Buddhism which focuses on improving the natural goodness of humans believe

human nature is basically good

A culture with less specific gender roles that values the quality of life for all has a

low degree of masculinity.

The study of how people use personal space is called?

proxemics

Which of the following approaches to intercultural communication views reality as external to humans?

social science

Gudykunst's studies of differences between individualist and collectivist cultures in how uncertainty is reduced during communication interactions is an example of

social science research.

The Privilege-Disadvantage dialectic recognizes that

some people are disadvantaged in some contexts and privileged in other contex

The Privilege-Disadvantage dialectic recognizes that

some people are disadvantaged in some contexts and privileged in other contexts.

Which dialectic of intercultural communication addresses the fact that some of our cultural patterns are constant and some are shifting?

static-dynamic dialectic

Which pair BEST describes communication?

symbolic and a process

"Symbolic significance" in the definition of communication can be defined as

the meaning that most members of a cultural group attach to a communication activity.

One limitation of the social science approach is

the possibility that the methods used are not culturally sensitive.